[ Objective] This study deals with the relation between anther nutrient metabolism and pollen abortion of male sterile lines in Lycium barbarum L., and provides some theoretical references for the pollen abortion mech...[ Objective] This study deals with the relation between anther nutrient metabolism and pollen abortion of male sterile lines in Lycium barbarum L., and provides some theoretical references for the pollen abortion mechanism of male sterile lines in Lyciurn barbarurn L.. [Method] By using semi-thin section and cytochemistry technology, the accumulation and distribution of anther nutrient of male sterile and fertile lines in Lycium barbarum L. were observed and compared. [ Result] The result showed that after meiosis, starch grains in the connective parenchyma of anther decreased sharply, and starch grains in epidermis and endothecium were also greatly decreased, while nearly no lipid accumulated in tapetal cells in male sterile lines compared with the fertile lines. The tapetal cells and tetraspore had vacuoles appear successively, and then entered the degenerate process. During the degeneration stage of tapetal cells and tetraspore, starch grains in epidermis and endothecium were still in a smell number and in the connective parenchyme as well. [ Conclusion] The decrease of polysaccharide supplying in anther vascular leads to the disorder of mechanism of glycelipid transforming in tapetal ceils, which triggers the tapetal cells degenerating ahead of time, and the latter gives rise to callus wall failing to degenerate in time. Therefore, the tetrads disintegrate and disappear ultimately due to lack of nutrition.展开更多
Proanthocyanidins （PAs） are a set of important phytochemical compounds in Lycium ruthenicum Murr. However, PAbiosynthesis in L. ruthenicum remains unclear. In this study, leucoanthocyanidin reductase （LAR） and ant...Proanthocyanidins （PAs） are a set of important phytochemical compounds in Lycium ruthenicum Murr. However, PAbiosynthesis in L. ruthenicum remains unclear. In this study, leucoanthocyanidin reductase （LAR） and anthocyanidin reductases（ANR） involved in PA biosynthesis were retrieved from L. ruthenicum EST database. Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） resultsconfirmed that LrLAR and LrANR encoded a protein composed of 333 and 338 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysisshowed that LrLAR and LrANR were clustered with known LAR and ANR proteins of other plants, respectively. Quantitativereverse-transcription PCR （qRT-PCR） results indicated that both genes expressed in a sharp increase manner from unripe stage tocolor break stage and were down-regulated increasingly hereafter, and that both expression levels are extremely low in youngleaves, mature leaves, stems, and roots compared with fruits. Phytochemical assay revealed that the content of total PA in fruitwas higher than that in young leaves, mature leaves, stems, and roots, and that the total PA level was increased sharply andthen relatively stable hereafter during fruit ripening. Our results lay a foundation for uncovering the PA biosynthesis and furtherengineering manipulation in L. ruthenicum.展开更多
基金Supported by Ningxia Major Scientific and Technological Project(Grant No.KGZ-09-07-04)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia University~~
文摘[ Objective] This study deals with the relation between anther nutrient metabolism and pollen abortion of male sterile lines in Lycium barbarum L., and provides some theoretical references for the pollen abortion mechanism of male sterile lines in Lyciurn barbarurn L.. [Method] By using semi-thin section and cytochemistry technology, the accumulation and distribution of anther nutrient of male sterile and fertile lines in Lycium barbarum L. were observed and compared. [ Result] The result showed that after meiosis, starch grains in the connective parenchyma of anther decreased sharply, and starch grains in epidermis and endothecium were also greatly decreased, while nearly no lipid accumulated in tapetal cells in male sterile lines compared with the fertile lines. The tapetal cells and tetraspore had vacuoles appear successively, and then entered the degenerate process. During the degeneration stage of tapetal cells and tetraspore, starch grains in epidermis and endothecium were still in a smell number and in the connective parenchyme as well. [ Conclusion] The decrease of polysaccharide supplying in anther vascular leads to the disorder of mechanism of glycelipid transforming in tapetal ceils, which triggers the tapetal cells degenerating ahead of time, and the latter gives rise to callus wall failing to degenerate in time. Therefore, the tetrads disintegrate and disappear ultimately due to lack of nutrition.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31100223)Scientific Research Equipment Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.YZ201227)
文摘Proanthocyanidins （PAs） are a set of important phytochemical compounds in Lycium ruthenicum Murr. However, PAbiosynthesis in L. ruthenicum remains unclear. In this study, leucoanthocyanidin reductase （LAR） and anthocyanidin reductases（ANR） involved in PA biosynthesis were retrieved from L. ruthenicum EST database. Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） resultsconfirmed that LrLAR and LrANR encoded a protein composed of 333 and 338 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysisshowed that LrLAR and LrANR were clustered with known LAR and ANR proteins of other plants, respectively. Quantitativereverse-transcription PCR （qRT-PCR） results indicated that both genes expressed in a sharp increase manner from unripe stage tocolor break stage and were down-regulated increasingly hereafter, and that both expression levels are extremely low in youngleaves, mature leaves, stems, and roots compared with fruits. Phytochemical assay revealed that the content of total PA in fruitwas higher than that in young leaves, mature leaves, stems, and roots, and that the total PA level was increased sharply andthen relatively stable hereafter during fruit ripening. Our results lay a foundation for uncovering the PA biosynthesis and furtherengineering manipulation in L. ruthenicum.
