SDS-PAGE中使用考马斯亮蓝R-250染脱色改良方案的综述

近年来,有文献报道在SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)中,用微波处理能大大缩短染脱色时间,用Na Cl溶液作为脱色液能提高实验灵敏度等。拟对6种采用考马斯亮蓝R-250染色的SDS-PAGE染脱色改良方案进行比较综述,为寻找一种低毒、经济、节时、高效的快速染脱色方案提供参考。

SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳染脱色方法优化

SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)是蛋白质分离纯化研究及分子量检测的重要工具,也是生物化学实验教学的重要内容.该文在改进传统SDS-PAGE染脱色体系基础上,对凝胶的染脱色过程进一步优化,建立了快速、安全的微波辅助染色-水洗脱色方法,缩短实验时间,减少材料耗费,提高操作安全性,具有重要推广价值.

SDS-聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳法测定蛋白质相对分子质量的改良和优化

为了能够提高实验效率和资源利用率,生物化学实验教学团队分别从分离胶和浓缩胶的配制、凝胶的染脱色等方面不断探索,对SDS-聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳法测定蛋白质相对分子质量进行了改良和优化。在试剂改良方面,利用二硫苏糖醇代替毒性较大的β-巯基乙醇,适当减少TMED在分离胶和浓缩胶中的含量,增加APS的含量;在步骤优化方面,省去了凝胶染色固定,建立了微波中火加热30s-震荡染色5min-蒸馏水洗掉染色液-电磁炉蒸馏水煮10-15min的快速染色-脱色方法。

Screening of Decolorizing Fungi for Rose Bengal and Water-soluble Colour Paste and Its Decolorization Conditions

The strain No. 2 which was isolated from the soil through enrichment culture was used as the experimental material. It was cultured in liquid medium to research decolorizing effect to Rose Bengal and soluble color paste under the different conditions of different media,carbon sources,nitrogen sources,initial pH values and culture temperatures. The results revealed that the optimum decolorizing conditions were using bean juice medium and PDA medium as the minimal medium,sucrose as the carbon source,and ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source,initial pH 6.0-8.0. In addition,the strain was primarily identified as Aspergillus flavus according to its morphous and ITS sequence analysis.

Decolorization of Anthraquinone dye by Rhodopseudomonas XL-1

Rhodopseudomonas XL 1 gained from textile wastewater can effectively decolorize anthraquinone dye. Under anaerobic condition, 93 percent of the anthraquinone dye is decolorized , which is higher than that under aerobic condition. The optimum pH is 6～9 and the optimum temperature is 20～40℃ for the anthraquinone dye decolorization by XL 1 . XL 1 can not decolorize the anthraquinone dye when it is the sole carbon source. Microbial cometabolism and decolorization of the dye take place in the presence of some other carbon source(0.2～0.4g/100ml)called cometabolic substrate. The cometabolic substrate can be peptone, glucose, sodium acetate, beef extract, amylum, etc. The change of molecular structure of the dye before and after decolorized by XL 1 is studied by UV Vis absorption spectrum. The results indicate that its molecular structure is changed evidently.

Arabidopsis thaliana histone deacetylase1(AtHD1)is localized in euchromatic regions and demonstrates histone deacetylase activity in vitro

Arabidopsis thaliana histone deacetylase 1 （AtHD1 or AtHDA19）, a homolog ot yeast RPD3, is a global regulator ot many physiological and developmental processes in plants. In spite of the genetic evidence for a role of AtHD1 in plant gene regulation and development, the biochemical and cellular properties ofAtHD 1 are poorly understood. Here we report cellular localization patterns ofAtHD 1 in vivo and histone deacetylase activity in vitro. The transient and stable expression of a green fluorescent protein （GFP）-tagged AtHD1 in onion cells and in roots, seeds and leaves of the transgenic Arabidopsis, respectively, revealed that AtHD1 is localized in the nucleus presumably in the euchromatic regions and excluded from the nucleolus. The localization patterns ofAtHD 1 are different from those of AtHD2 and AtHDA6 that are involved in nucleolus formation and silencing of transgenes and repeated DNA elements, respectively. In addition, a histone deacetylase activity assay showed that the recombinant AtHD 1 produced in bacteria demonstrated a specific histone deacetylase activity in vitro. The data suggest that AtHD 1 is a nuclear protein and possesses histone deacetylase activities responsible for global transcriptional regulation important to plant growth and development.

Wastewater Treatment for Removal of Recalcitrant Compounds：A Hybrid Process for Decolorization and Biodegradation of Dyes

While conventional wastewater treatments for urban effluents are fairly routine and have proved highly effective,industrial wastewater requires more complex and specific treatments.This paper provides a technological strategy for removal of recalcitrant contaminants based on a hybrid treatment system.The model effluent containing a binary mixture of synthetic dyes is treated by a combination of a preliminary physicochemical stage followed by a biological stage based on ligninolytic enzymes produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium.This proposal includes biosorption onto peat as pretreatment,which decreases the volume and concentration to be treated in the biological reactor,thereby obtaining a completely decolorized effluent.The treated wastewater can therefore be reused in the dyeing baths with the consequent saving of water resources.

Low-Grade and High-Grade Invasive Ductal Carcinomas of the Breast Follow Divergent routes of Progression

Low-grade invasive ductal carcinoma is almost diploid, and has frequent losses of chromosome 16q, which is shared by other precancerous lesions of the mammary gland such as flat epithelial atypia （FEA）, atypical ductal hyperplasia （ADH）, and lownuclear grade ductal carcinoma in situ （DCIS）. The genetic alterations accumulate in a stepwise fashion as the precancerous lesions progress to invasve ductal carcinoma. This supports the linear progression model of breast cancer from FEA, through ADH, to low- nuclear grade DCIS as non-obligate early events in low-grade IDC evolution. In contrast, high-grade carcinoma tends to aneuploidy with complex genetic alterations--most importantly, frequent gains at chromosome 16q. Frequent losses at chromosome 16q in low-grade IDC and gains in the same arm of the same chromosome in high-grade IDC imply that these lesions are two end outcomes of different disease processes and that they do not lie in the same continuum of a process. Therefore, low-grade and high-grade IDC are two distinct diseases with a divergent route of progression.

Biodegradation of Congo Red Azo Dye by Aspergillus spp, Isolated from Dye Contaminated Soils

In the present study, it has been aimed to determine the non target effects of Congo red on soil enzyme activities namely amylase, protease, catalase, glucose oxidase and laccases, following the standard procedures. Further, it is also aimed to decolourize the dye effluents by using immobilized fimgal cultures namely Aspergillus spp. isolated from textile effluents and estimate the percentage of decolourization by dye decolourization assay method. The selected fungi were found efficient and dominant type in dye decolourization with the production of laccase and other enzymes. Except laccase, all the enzymes showed maximum activity at 14 days followed by declining trend at 21 days. Maximum enzyme activity was noticed with Aspergillus niger. 95% of decolourization was found within 4-24 h in sodium alginate immobilized fungal cultures compared to controls. The above results clearly indicate the efficiency of these fungi in selective bioremediation of dye contaminated sites.

Prognostic relevance of ALDH1 in breast cancer: a clinicopathological study of 96 cases

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 （ALDH1） in breast cancer patients. Methods： The expression of ALDH1 protein was examined by immunohistochemical staining in 96 breast cancer tissues. The disease-free survival analysis of patients was evaluated based on the clinical follow-up data. Results： Expression of ALDH1 protein had significant correlations with ER, PR, and HER2 proteins （P 〈 0.05）, but had no significant correlations with age, tumor size, clinical stage, P-glycoprotein, and lymph node status （P 〉 0.05）. The 2-year disease-free survival rate of ALDHl-positive patients was lower than that of ALDHl-negative patients （P 〈 0.05）. ALDHl-positive patients undergoing chemotherapy and hormonal therapy had lower 2-year disease-free survival rate than ALDHl-negative patients （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： ALDH1 expression might play an important role in drug resistant, and ALDH1 may be used as a prognostic marker.

The Comparison of Amaranth Decolorization Ability for Two Types of Biological Consortia

The two types of biological consortia--real activated sludge and laboratory adapted consortium were immobilized in polyethylene oxide cryogels. Their potential to decolorize the anionic azo dye amaranth in sequencing batch biofilters was studied. At a growing concentration of azo dye （20 mg·L^-1, 25 mg·L^-1, 30 mg·L^-1） the biofilters had a mean feeding rate of 30.32 ± 25.78 mL^-1·h^-1 and 13.76 ：t： 8.33 mL^-1·h^-1, respectively for immobilized adapted consortia （AC） and activated sludge （AS）. The AC-biofilter reached an overall decolorization rate of 0.211 ± 0.14 mg dye.mLLh1 and a decolorization effectiveness of 60.28 ：t： 32.42%. In contrast, the mean values for overall decolorization rate and effectiveness in AS-biofilter were 0.249 ± 0.16 mg dye.mL^-1·h^-1 and 82.48± 14.41%. The system with immobilized activated sludge had more stable process dynamics and higher tolerance to shock azo dye loading in the first stage of the process. The immobilized adapted consortium presented a good ability to adequate response at higher azo dye concentrations and loading.

TiO_2-doped Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles as high-performance Fenton-like catalyst for dye decoloration

Fenton reaction based on Fe2+-H2O2 system has been widely applied in water remediation, but the obvious drawbacks largely hinder its practical uses. Alternatively, heterogeneous nanomaterials with proper surface modification could be used as Fenton-like catalysts. Surface doping of Ti O2 could concentrate the pollutants surrounding the Fe3O4 catalyst, which might benefit the catalytic performance of Fe3O4. Herein, we reported that Ti O2-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles(NPs) could be used as high-performance Fenton-like catalyst for dye decoloration in near neutral environment, where the doping of Ti O2 on Fe3O4 surface dramatically improved the catalytic activity of Fe3O4 in Fenton-like reaction. Ti O2-doped Fe3O4 NPs catalyzed the decomposition of H2O2 to oxidize methylene blue without external energy supply, resulting in effective decoloration. Ti O2-doped Fe3O4 NPs showed high catalytic activity under various p H values and even in the presence of radical scavenger. More catalysts and H2O2 would facilitate the decoloration. At higher temperature, the decoloration became faster and more effective. The implication to the environmental applications of Ti O2-doped Fe3O4 NPs is discussed.

Regulation of sister chromatid cohesion during the mitotic cell cycle

Orderly execution of two critical events during the cell cycle––DNA replication and chromosome segregation––ensures the stable transmission of genetic materials. The cohesin complex physically connects sister chromatids during DNA replication in a process termed sister chromatid cohesion. Timely establishment and dissolution of sister chromatid cohesion is a prerequisite for accurate chromosome segregation, and is tight regulated by the cell cycle machinery and cohesin-associated proteins. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the molecular understanding of sister chromatid cohesion during the mitotic cell cycle.

Large-scale preparation of fernwort-like single-crystalline superstructures of CuSe as Fenton-like catalysts for dye decolorization

A simple green hydrothermal template-free method was developed to prepare single-crystalline superstructures of fern- wort-like copper selenide （CuSe） in large-scale by using polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP） as both reductant and surfactant for the first time. Time-dependent morphologic evolution was made in order to explore the formation mechanism of the as-prepared product. The copper selenides with different morphologies, phases and structural forms could be prepared by varying the synthesis parameters, such as precursor molar ratios, precursor combinations, and the molecular weight of PVP. The fernwort-like superstructures of CuSe show excellent Fenton-like catalytic activities in degrading malachite green （MG） and rhodamine B （RhB）. These catalysts play an important role in the degradation process of MG and RhB solution with the aid of H202 which can yield highly reactive hydroxyl radicals （HO.）. Besides, the as-prepared CuSe catalyst is stable and reusable, thus it could be applied to the treatment of the dye contaminated waste water.