Gossypium hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L. are the two cultivated tetraploid species of cotton. The first is characterized by a high yield and wide adaptation, and the second by its super fiber property. Substit...Gossypium hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L. are the two cultivated tetraploid species of cotton. The first is characterized by a high yield and wide adaptation, and the second by its super fiber property. Substitution line in which a pair of intact chromosomes of TM_1 ( G. hirsutum ) were replaced by a pair of homozygous chromosomes of 3_79 ( G. barbadense ) is an excellent material for genetic research and molecular tagging. In this study, substitution line 16 (Sub 16) was used to evaluate the performance of the 16th chromosome in G. barbadense in TM_1 background. The genetic analysis using the major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model in F 2∶3 family revealed that there might exist 2 QTLs respectively for boll size, lint percentage, lint index, fiber length and the first fruit branch node, 1 QTL for fiber elongation and flowering date, and no QTL for seed index, fiber strength and Micronaire in chromosome 16. However, 9 QTLs (LOD (logarithm of odds)≥3.0) controlling 6 quantitative traits were significantly identified in linkage group of chromosome 16 constructed in (TM_1×3_79) F 2by interval mapping. Among them, 1 QTL for boll size, fiber length, flowering date and fiber elongation could explain 15.2%, 19.7%, 12.1%, and 11.7% phenotypic variance respectively, 2 QTLs for lint index could explain 11.6% and 41.9%, and 3 QTLs for lint percentage could explain 8.7%, 9.6% and 29.2% phenotypic variance respectively. One unlinked SSR marker was associated with one QTL respectively for boll size and flowering date and they could explain 1.60% and 4.63% phenotypic variance. The traits associated significantly with chromosome 16 from Sub 16 were boll weight, lint percentage, lint index, fiber length, fiber elongation and flowering days.展开更多
The solubility of disperse dyes and their mixture in supercritical carbon dioxide is an important property in study and development of supercritical fluid dyeing technology.In this study,solubilities of C.I.Disperse R...The solubility of disperse dyes and their mixture in supercritical carbon dioxide is an important property in study and development of supercritical fluid dyeing technology.In this study,solubilities of C.I.Disperse Red 73,C.I.Disperse Blue 183 and their mixture in supercritical CO2 are measured at temperatures from 343.2 to 383.2 K and pressures from 12 to 28 MPa with a static recirculation method.Under the experimental conditions for the binary(C.I.Disperse Red 73+CO2 or C.I.Disperse Blue 183+CO2) and ternary(C.I.Disperse Red 73+C.I.Disperse Blue 183+CO2) systems,the solubilities increase with pressure.The solubility of C.I.Disperse Blue 183 decreases with the increase of temperature when the pressure is lower than 16 MPa,and the trend is opposite when the pressure is higher than 16 MPa.However,there is no crossover pressure for C.I.Disperse Red 73.The solubilities are also affected by molecular polarity of dyes.The co-solvent effect exhibited in the dissolving process of mixed dyes promotes their dissolution in supercritical CO2.The experimental data of solubilities of C.I.Disperse Red 73,C.I.Disperse Blue 183,and their mixture are correlated with the Chrastil model and Mendez-Santiago/Teja model. The former is more accurate.展开更多
Two varieties of fiddleneck （Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.） plant were determined for visualizing somatic chromosomes. The 4-5 days old root tips were pre-treated in 6% a-monobromonaphtalane in ＋4 ℃ for 7.5 h, the...Two varieties of fiddleneck （Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.） plant were determined for visualizing somatic chromosomes. The 4-5 days old root tips were pre-treated in 6% a-monobromonaphtalane in ＋4 ℃ for 7.5 h, then fixed in glacial acetic acid for 30 min and transferred to 70% ethanol for long storage. When the root tips were analyzed, they were hydrolyzed with 1 N HCI for 13 min at room temperature （25 ℃）. After hydrolyzing, root tips were stained with 2% aceto orcein in darkness for 2.5 h. The squash method for preparation was used for chromosomal investigations. The chromosome length （C）, relative length （RL）, the long arm （L） and short arm （S） lengths, arm ratio （AR; L/S） and centromefic index （S/C） were calculated for caryologic parameters. The ideograms and detailed chromosome morphology measurements of the species were performed by the use of MicroMeasure 3.3. According to results, fiddleneck （Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.） has 2n = 22 chromosomes and the karyotype formulas of two varieties of fiddleneck were 16 median and 6 submedian （16 m ＋ 6 sm）.展开更多
文摘Gossypium hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L. are the two cultivated tetraploid species of cotton. The first is characterized by a high yield and wide adaptation, and the second by its super fiber property. Substitution line in which a pair of intact chromosomes of TM_1 ( G. hirsutum ) were replaced by a pair of homozygous chromosomes of 3_79 ( G. barbadense ) is an excellent material for genetic research and molecular tagging. In this study, substitution line 16 (Sub 16) was used to evaluate the performance of the 16th chromosome in G. barbadense in TM_1 background. The genetic analysis using the major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model in F 2∶3 family revealed that there might exist 2 QTLs respectively for boll size, lint percentage, lint index, fiber length and the first fruit branch node, 1 QTL for fiber elongation and flowering date, and no QTL for seed index, fiber strength and Micronaire in chromosome 16. However, 9 QTLs (LOD (logarithm of odds)≥3.0) controlling 6 quantitative traits were significantly identified in linkage group of chromosome 16 constructed in (TM_1×3_79) F 2by interval mapping. Among them, 1 QTL for boll size, fiber length, flowering date and fiber elongation could explain 15.2%, 19.7%, 12.1%, and 11.7% phenotypic variance respectively, 2 QTLs for lint index could explain 11.6% and 41.9%, and 3 QTLs for lint percentage could explain 8.7%, 9.6% and 29.2% phenotypic variance respectively. One unlinked SSR marker was associated with one QTL respectively for boll size and flowering date and they could explain 1.60% and 4.63% phenotypic variance. The traits associated significantly with chromosome 16 from Sub 16 were boll weight, lint percentage, lint index, fiber length, fiber elongation and flowering days.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province（M203035）
文摘The solubility of disperse dyes and their mixture in supercritical carbon dioxide is an important property in study and development of supercritical fluid dyeing technology.In this study,solubilities of C.I.Disperse Red 73,C.I.Disperse Blue 183 and their mixture in supercritical CO2 are measured at temperatures from 343.2 to 383.2 K and pressures from 12 to 28 MPa with a static recirculation method.Under the experimental conditions for the binary(C.I.Disperse Red 73+CO2 or C.I.Disperse Blue 183+CO2) and ternary(C.I.Disperse Red 73+C.I.Disperse Blue 183+CO2) systems,the solubilities increase with pressure.The solubility of C.I.Disperse Blue 183 decreases with the increase of temperature when the pressure is lower than 16 MPa,and the trend is opposite when the pressure is higher than 16 MPa.However,there is no crossover pressure for C.I.Disperse Red 73.The solubilities are also affected by molecular polarity of dyes.The co-solvent effect exhibited in the dissolving process of mixed dyes promotes their dissolution in supercritical CO2.The experimental data of solubilities of C.I.Disperse Red 73,C.I.Disperse Blue 183,and their mixture are correlated with the Chrastil model and Mendez-Santiago/Teja model. The former is more accurate.
文摘Two varieties of fiddleneck （Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.） plant were determined for visualizing somatic chromosomes. The 4-5 days old root tips were pre-treated in 6% a-monobromonaphtalane in ＋4 ℃ for 7.5 h, then fixed in glacial acetic acid for 30 min and transferred to 70% ethanol for long storage. When the root tips were analyzed, they were hydrolyzed with 1 N HCI for 13 min at room temperature （25 ℃）. After hydrolyzing, root tips were stained with 2% aceto orcein in darkness for 2.5 h. The squash method for preparation was used for chromosomal investigations. The chromosome length （C）, relative length （RL）, the long arm （L） and short arm （S） lengths, arm ratio （AR; L/S） and centromefic index （S/C） were calculated for caryologic parameters. The ideograms and detailed chromosome morphology measurements of the species were performed by the use of MicroMeasure 3.3. According to results, fiddleneck （Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.） has 2n = 22 chromosomes and the karyotype formulas of two varieties of fiddleneck were 16 median and 6 submedian （16 m ＋ 6 sm）.
