乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。肿瘤的发生、发展是多种基因共同作用的结果。与常染色体上的抑癌基因相比,X染色体连锁的抑癌基因更容易因甲基化或突变等而失活。核糖体S6蛋白激酶4(ribosomal protein S6 kinase4,RSK4)作为一个X...乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。肿瘤的发生、发展是多种基因共同作用的结果。与常染色体上的抑癌基因相比,X染色体连锁的抑癌基因更容易因甲基化或突变等而失活。核糖体S6蛋白激酶4(ribosomal protein S6 kinase4,RSK4)作为一个X染色体连锁基因,可抑制细胞的生长、增殖和分化。RSK4过表达可使细胞增殖下降,使停滞在G_0～G_1期的细胞增加。RSK4可能是乳腺癌的一个与X染色体连锁的抑癌基因。展开更多
目的·研究1个中国汉族X染色体连锁显性遗传婴儿眼球震颤家系的临床特征。方法·收集上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院眼科就诊的1个X染色体连锁显性遗传婴儿眼球震颤家系,采集所有家系成员外周血进行分子遗传学分析。对家系内5...目的·研究1个中国汉族X染色体连锁显性遗传婴儿眼球震颤家系的临床特征。方法·收集上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院眼科就诊的1个X染色体连锁显性遗传婴儿眼球震颤家系,采集所有家系成员外周血进行分子遗传学分析。对家系内5位患者进行视力、代偿头位扭转角、立体视觉、双眼视功能、视觉电生理检查,及光学相干断层扫描、眼动仪检查和散瞳验光。结果·该家系突变位点为酵母功能域包含蛋白7(FERM domain containing protein 7,FRMD7)基因第9外显子上c.823-829delACCCTAC(p.Thr275fs)移码突变。该家系患者视力多为中度受损,屈光不正为轻度散光性屈光不正,立体视觉下降,双眼可同时视但无法融合,眼球震颤波形为双向冲动型波形,视网膜电图未见明显异常,视觉诱发电位表现多为峰时延迟、振幅降低,光学相干断层扫描未见视网膜黄斑部异常表现,代偿头位表现较为多样。结论·FRMD7蛋白Thr275fs是导致该家系致病的主要原因。该家系患者临床特征表现出一定程度的一致性。展开更多
Introduction. - X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is the most frequent type of leukodystrophy (1/17 000 males). The phenotypic range in male patients varies from the severe cerebral presentations in children to the ...Introduction. - X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is the most frequent type of leukodystrophy (1/17 000 males). The phenotypic range in male patients varies from the severe cerebral presentations in children to the milder myeloneuropathy and to isolate adrenal insufficiency. More than a half of the carrier females display clinical symptoms over the age of 40 years. Observation. - Diagnosis of ALD was raised in a 40 year-old female who presented with spastic paraparesis and sphincterian dysfunction, occurring after the delivery of her first child. There was no family history of ALD. Very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) were assayed in her one-year-old son in order to propose appropriate hormonal and neurological survey. His dosage was abnormal and an adrenal insufficiency was subsequently found. A brain MRI will be proposed biannually when he reaches to age of for years. The proband’s mother had an increased level of VLCFA, showing that she was a carrier. Family screening was extended to the proband’s sisters and maternal aunt who already had children, but also to her brother, who may express a mild form of the disease later on, and to her maternal uncles who might be asymptomatic carriers. A frameshift mutation was found in the ABCD1 gene and will allow accurate carrier identification and prenatal diagnosis in the family. Conclusion. - ALD diagnosis should be evoked in a woman affected by myelopathy despite the lack of family history. Such a diagnosis has severe consequences since some of the related males may carry the mutation although they do not display any symptom at time of diagnosis, and because carrier females have a risk to both have a clinical expression of the disease and give birth to an affected boy.展开更多
文摘乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。肿瘤的发生、发展是多种基因共同作用的结果。与常染色体上的抑癌基因相比,X染色体连锁的抑癌基因更容易因甲基化或突变等而失活。核糖体S6蛋白激酶4(ribosomal protein S6 kinase4,RSK4)作为一个X染色体连锁基因,可抑制细胞的生长、增殖和分化。RSK4过表达可使细胞增殖下降,使停滞在G_0～G_1期的细胞增加。RSK4可能是乳腺癌的一个与X染色体连锁的抑癌基因。
文摘目的·研究1个中国汉族X染色体连锁显性遗传婴儿眼球震颤家系的临床特征。方法·收集上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院眼科就诊的1个X染色体连锁显性遗传婴儿眼球震颤家系,采集所有家系成员外周血进行分子遗传学分析。对家系内5位患者进行视力、代偿头位扭转角、立体视觉、双眼视功能、视觉电生理检查,及光学相干断层扫描、眼动仪检查和散瞳验光。结果·该家系突变位点为酵母功能域包含蛋白7(FERM domain containing protein 7,FRMD7)基因第9外显子上c.823-829delACCCTAC(p.Thr275fs)移码突变。该家系患者视力多为中度受损,屈光不正为轻度散光性屈光不正,立体视觉下降,双眼可同时视但无法融合,眼球震颤波形为双向冲动型波形,视网膜电图未见明显异常,视觉诱发电位表现多为峰时延迟、振幅降低,光学相干断层扫描未见视网膜黄斑部异常表现,代偿头位表现较为多样。结论·FRMD7蛋白Thr275fs是导致该家系致病的主要原因。该家系患者临床特征表现出一定程度的一致性。
文摘Introduction. - X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is the most frequent type of leukodystrophy (1/17 000 males). The phenotypic range in male patients varies from the severe cerebral presentations in children to the milder myeloneuropathy and to isolate adrenal insufficiency. More than a half of the carrier females display clinical symptoms over the age of 40 years. Observation. - Diagnosis of ALD was raised in a 40 year-old female who presented with spastic paraparesis and sphincterian dysfunction, occurring after the delivery of her first child. There was no family history of ALD. Very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) were assayed in her one-year-old son in order to propose appropriate hormonal and neurological survey. His dosage was abnormal and an adrenal insufficiency was subsequently found. A brain MRI will be proposed biannually when he reaches to age of for years. The proband’s mother had an increased level of VLCFA, showing that she was a carrier. Family screening was extended to the proband’s sisters and maternal aunt who already had children, but also to her brother, who may express a mild form of the disease later on, and to her maternal uncles who might be asymptomatic carriers. A frameshift mutation was found in the ABCD1 gene and will allow accurate carrier identification and prenatal diagnosis in the family. Conclusion. - ALD diagnosis should be evoked in a woman affected by myelopathy despite the lack of family history. Such a diagnosis has severe consequences since some of the related males may carry the mutation although they do not display any symptom at time of diagnosis, and because carrier females have a risk to both have a clinical expression of the disease and give birth to an affected boy.
