DNA的大部分区域通过包装成特殊的染色质结构而失去活性称为染色质沉默。这些特殊的染色质结构在维持染色体结构稳定和基因调控中起重要作用。有实验表明,沉默染色质的组蛋白H3和H4的的氨基末端尾部相对于基因组的其他区域是低乙酰化的...DNA的大部分区域通过包装成特殊的染色质结构而失去活性称为染色质沉默。这些特殊的染色质结构在维持染色体结构稳定和基因调控中起重要作用。有实验表明,沉默染色质的组蛋白H3和H4的的氨基末端尾部相对于基因组的其他区域是低乙酰化的。组蛋白去乙酰化酶SIR2(silent information regulator2)是参与染色质沉默的一种重要的蛋白质。SIR2具有两种相关联的酶活性,组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性和NAD高能骨架的断裂活性,并在酶反应过程中产生一种新的产物氧代乙酰基ADP核糖基(O-acetyl-ADP-ribose)。SIR2的组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性为研究SIR2与沉默染色质的组蛋白低乙酰化状态的关系提供了直接证据。而SIR2的这两种酶活性的关系也表明,组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性不是SIR2惟一的功能。SIR2的NAD水解酶活性和O-acetyl-ADP-ribose的合成过程也可能是染色质沉默机制所必需的。展开更多
Mammalian Sirtuins are the homologs of yeast Saccharo myces cerevisiae Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) which functions in chromatin silencing to prevent genomi~ instability and aging by catalyzing the histone ...Mammalian Sirtuins are the homologs of yeast Saccharo myces cerevisiae Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) which functions in chromatin silencing to prevent genomi~ instability and aging by catalyzing the histone deacetyl ation [1]. There are seven members in Sirtuin famil, (SIRT1-SIRT7). They all contain evolutionary conservel enzymatic domain which is nicotinamide adenine dinucleo tide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase that targets wide variety of histone or non-histone proteins for biologiq cal functions. Each of the Sirtuins has distinctive function~ / and cellular localization. SIRT1, 6 & 7 are localized in nut cleus, and SIRT2 is localized at cytoplasm while SIRT3, & 5 are localized in mitochondria [2]. |展开更多
文摘DNA的大部分区域通过包装成特殊的染色质结构而失去活性称为染色质沉默。这些特殊的染色质结构在维持染色体结构稳定和基因调控中起重要作用。有实验表明,沉默染色质的组蛋白H3和H4的的氨基末端尾部相对于基因组的其他区域是低乙酰化的。组蛋白去乙酰化酶SIR2(silent information regulator2)是参与染色质沉默的一种重要的蛋白质。SIR2具有两种相关联的酶活性,组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性和NAD高能骨架的断裂活性,并在酶反应过程中产生一种新的产物氧代乙酰基ADP核糖基(O-acetyl-ADP-ribose)。SIR2的组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性为研究SIR2与沉默染色质的组蛋白低乙酰化状态的关系提供了直接证据。而SIR2的这两种酶活性的关系也表明,组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性不是SIR2惟一的功能。SIR2的NAD水解酶活性和O-acetyl-ADP-ribose的合成过程也可能是染色质沉默机制所必需的。
文摘Mammalian Sirtuins are the homologs of yeast Saccharo myces cerevisiae Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) which functions in chromatin silencing to prevent genomi~ instability and aging by catalyzing the histone deacetyl ation [1]. There are seven members in Sirtuin famil, (SIRT1-SIRT7). They all contain evolutionary conservel enzymatic domain which is nicotinamide adenine dinucleo tide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase that targets wide variety of histone or non-histone proteins for biologiq cal functions. Each of the Sirtuins has distinctive function~ / and cellular localization. SIRT1, 6 & 7 are localized in nut cleus, and SIRT2 is localized at cytoplasm while SIRT3, & 5 are localized in mitochondria [2]. |