高性能灌注式半柔性路面施工技术研究

为了使高性能灌注式半柔性路面施工达到预期效果,从高性能灌注式半柔性路面混合料原材料入手,明确各类原材料的技术性能要求,结合某公路实例,对其高性能灌注式半柔性路面施工技术进行深入分析,提出高性能灌注式半柔性路面混合料铺筑与水泥胶浆灌注的施工方法和施工时需注意的关键点,可为相关施工技术人员提供参考。

基于CMWCNT/Nafion的增强型离子聚合物金属复合材料的制备及致动性能

离子聚合物金属复合材料(IPMC)是一种新型的电活性材料,具有体积小、质量轻、驱动电压低等优点,但驱动力小、稳定工作时间短等问题限制着其柔性致动性能。提出了一种基于银基IPMC的增强型致动器,通过在IPMC的基底聚合物中掺杂羧基化多壁碳纳米管(CMWCNT),来提高IPMC的整体机械性能和致动性能。其中,掺杂质量分数0.5%CMWCNT的IPMC的最大尖端位移和驱动力分别增加至未优化银基IPMC的1.60倍与2.32倍,该性能的提升归因于CMWCNT良好的导电性和羧基对水合阳离子迁移的加速作用。与未优化的银基IPMC相比,掺杂质量分数0.5%CMWCNT时IPMC驱动速率可提升至3.57倍。研究结果可为IPMC在各领域的应用发展提供参考。

高性能半柔性路面在重载交通十字路口的应用

半柔性路面是一种向大空隙开级配沥青混合料中灌注特种灌浆材料的新型路面技术,半柔性路面材料兼具沥青路面的柔性和水泥混凝土路面的刚性,具有承载力强、抗车辙性能好、抗渗透性能好、无接缝、快速铺装等优越性能。以衢州市柯城区十字路口改建项目中半柔性路面的运用为工程依托,结合原有路段病害情况,探讨了半柔性路面的结构特点、施工工艺、技术性能及社会效益等方面内容。结果表明,半柔性路面技术可大幅提高路面的承载能力、抗车辙和抗渗能力,能够有效延长路面使用寿命,尤其适用于十字路口等病害频发区域,具有很好的应用前景。

高性能半柔性地坪在生活垃圾中转站的应用

生活垃圾中转站对于地坪的性能要求较高,传统地坪已无法满足使用需求,因此对其地坪的结构改造也愈发重要。结合青浦区香花桥生活垃圾中转站的地坪结构改进项目中新型高性能半柔性地坪技术的应用,探讨了新型地坪结构的结构型式、施工工艺、性能特征、综合效益等方面,结果表明新型高性能半柔性地坪具有高承载、抗渗透、长寿命等优越特性,满足垃圾站地坪使用需求,有广阔的应用前景。

一种制备膨胀石墨的新方法及其压制品的性能研究

以粒径约0.5mm的天然鳞片石墨为宿主材料,以高氯酸液为氧化、插层剂,通过简单的酸液浸泡法直接热氧化转化天然鳞片石墨为膨胀石墨.用浓度为72%(质量分数)的高氯酸液在室温下浸泡天然鳞片石墨1～3min.后,在900下膨化,膨胀体积为549mL/g.以该条件制备的膨胀石墨为前驱体通过冷压成型的方法制备柔性石墨,利用材料万能试验机、微欧计、激光热导仪分别测试了该材料的抗拉强度、电阻率、导热率.实验结果表明:抗拉强度(T)、电阻率(ρ)同密度(d)呈线性正相关,其中T=12.1d-7.6,R=0.977;ρ=-3.97d+11.9,R=0.968.热导率同电阻率呈负相关性.

级配碎石抗剪切性能试验研究

利用自行研发的柔性材料剪切性能测试仪,对级配碎石抗剪切性能进行试验研究,分析了级配碎石最大粒径、Taibol公式指数n值、含水量、密实度、侧压力、剪切速率等因素对级配碎石抗剪切性能的影响。研究得出,最大粒径不小于31.5mm、指数n值在0.5以下的级配碎石具有良好的抗剪切能力,控制试验剪切速率在5mm/min以下可以提高试验精度,级配碎石在最佳含水量时具有最佳抗剪切能力,保证密实度在96%以上可以明显提高抗剪切性能,增大侧压力可以明显提高剪切强度,而剪切位移存在最小值。结果表明,利用柔性材料剪切性能测试仪可以有效评价级配碎石的抗剪切能力。

柔性镀膜材料在电路板行业的应用

本文主要介绍了柔性镀膜材料的制备方法、应用发展状况以及柔性镀膜材料在柔性电路板行业的应用和发展趋势,重点阐述了采用真空磁控溅射工艺制取高性能柔性电路板材料的研发和制备过程。

纺织基防刺材料柔性量化测试方法探讨

防刺材料的“柔性”及“可穿戴性”目前只是主观评价,暂无量化的柔性性能指标及其测试方法标准。本文从防刺材料应用场景中的受力与形变特点分析,探讨了材料柔性性能的两种测试方法,即垂直挤压法和平面按压法。垂直挤压法的定负荷形变法以50 N为定负荷力值,测试此负荷下的材料形变收缩率和曲面弧度。垂直挤压法的定形变负荷法以100 mm作为材料的形变量,测试此形变下材料的受力值。平面按压法以按压20 mm深度时的压力值作为材料柔软性的考核指标。

Global Analysis of a Flexible Riser

The mechanical performance of a flexible riser is more outstanding than other risers in violent environmental conditions. Based on the lumped mass method, a steep wave flexible riser configuration attached to a Floating Production Storage and Offioading （FPSO） has been applied to a global analysis in order to acquire the static and dynamic behavior of the flexible riser. The riser was divided into a series of straight massless line segments with a node at each end. Only the axial and torsional properties of the line were modeled, while the mass, weight, and buoyancy were all lumped to the nodes. Four different buoyancy module lengths have been made to demonstrate the importance of mode selection, so as to confirm the optimum buoyancy module length. The results in the sensitivity study show that the flexible riser is not very sensitive to the ocean current, and the buoyancy module can reduce the Von Mises stress and improve the mechanical performance of the flexible riser. Shorter buoyancy module length can reduce the riser effective tension in a specific range of the buoyancy module length when other parameters are constant, but it can also increase the maximum curvature of the riser. As a result, all kinds of the riser performances should be taken into account in order to select the most appropriate buoyancy module length.

Performance Analysis of a Vertical Axis Tidal Turbine With Flexible Blades

In this study, a vertical axis tidal turbine with flexible blades is investigated. The focus is on analyzing the effect of flexible airfoils types and blade flexibility on turbine net output power. To this end, five different flexible airfoils （Symmetric and Non-symmetric） are employed. The results show that the use of a thick flexible symmetric airfoil can effectively increase output power compared to that achievable with a conventional rigid blade. Moreover, the use of highly flexible blades, as opposed to less flexible or rigid blades, is not recommended.

A Flexible Valve Based Piezoelectric Pump for High Viscosity Cooling Liquid Transportation

A piezoelectric pump with flexible valve has been developed to pump high viscosity cooling liquid in the nanosats thermal control system. The structure of the flexible valve is designed according to the characteristics of the human aortic shape with the aim to simulate the bionic pumping function of the human heart. Dynamic stress-strain features of the flexible valve are analyzed by the finite element method,and the results show that the proposed flexible valve is suitable and functional for the piezoelectric pump. Then the cylinder and diffuser/nozzle piezoelectric pumps based on flexible valves have been developed and fabricated. Experimental results of the output performance indicate that the maximum flow rate of the cylinder piezoelectric pump with flexible valve is 15.38 mL/min,170.77% higher than the diffuser/nozzle piezoelectric pump with flexible valve. The ability of the cylinder piezoelectric pump with flexible valve for transmitting high viscosity liquid has been validated. The piezoelectric pump with flexible valve has potential applications in the nanosats thermal control system.

Online complex nonlinear industrial process operating optimality assessment using modified robust total kernel partial M-regression

Although industrial processes often perform perfectly under design conditions, they may deviate from the optimal operating point owing to parameters drift, environmental disturbances, etc. Thus, it is necessary to develop efficacious strategies or procedure to assess the process performance online. In this paper, we explore the issue of operating optimality assessment for complex industrial processes based on performance-similarity considering nonlinearities and outliers simultaneously, and a general enforced online performance assessment framework is proposed. In the offline part, a new and modified total robust kernel projection to latent structures algorithm,T-KPRM, is proposed and used to evaluate the complex nonlinear industrial process, which can effectively extract the optimal-index-related process variation information from process data and establish assessment models for each performance grades overcoming the effects of outlier. In the online part, the online assessment results can be obtained by calculating the similarity between the online data from a sliding window and each of the performance grades. Furthermore, in order to improve the accuracy of online assessment, we propose an online assessment strategy taking account of the effects of noise and process uncertainties. The Euclidean distance between the sliding data window and the optimal evaluation level is employed to measure the contribution rates of variables, which indicate the possible reason for the non-optimal operating performance. The proposed framework is tested on a real industrial case: dense medium coal preparation process, and the results shows the efficiency of the proposed method comparing to the existing method.

Organic Solar Cells Flexible P3HT：PCBM Thin Film and Improving Its Performance

Organic solar cells （OSCs） is a new generation of solar cells have emerged as an alternative to conventional Si-based solar cells owing to their advantages of low cost, ease of fabrication and their potential for the manufacture of flexible and large area solar cells. So we chose that part to beginning study of the material and all parameters effects in environmental condition because the solar cell working in environment. In this study the fabrication of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （PCBM） blend flexible thin film using spin coating was reported. Process parameters like solvent, electron donor to acceptor ratio, concentration and temperature were also studied. We used solvent systems to make active layer of P3HT：PCBM composite and PEDOT：PSS as a buffer layer. Highest absorption was obtained for the flexible thin film made with 1：1 and 1：0.75 ratio of P3HT to PCBM. Chloroform solvent in 40 gm/ml concentration at 90 ~C was the optimum conditions to make flexible device.

Flexible gel(FG) for gas-drainage drilling sealing material based on orthogonal design

Aiming to resolve the technical problems of lower gas concentrations and a reduced effective drainage period caused by gas-drainage borehole fracture development, a flexible gel （FG） gas-drainage borehole sealing material was developed that adapts to borehole deformation. In this study, based on orthogonal tests, the effect of the ratio of material to water, stirring time and stirring speed on the viscosity, filtration property, water retention and pumpability of the FG were studied. The results indicate that the stirring speed, ratio of material to water and stirring time in turn increased the viscosity and the ratio of material to water, stirring time and stirring speed enhanced the filtration property and water retention. The FG pumps smoothly and achieves the optimal state of high water retention, low fluid loss and low viscosity when the ratio of material to water is 1：10, the stirring speed is 800 r/min, and the stirring time is 12 min. The field test results indicate that, after using the FG, the average drainage gas concentration increases by 25.9% and 27.6g and the average negative pressure of extraction increases by 2.7 kPa and 3.5 kPa com- pared with expansive cement and polyurethane, respectively.

Advanced carbon materials for flexible and wearable sensors

Flexible and wearable sensors have drawn ex-tensive concern due to their wide potential applications inwearable electronics and intelligent robots. Flexible sensorswith high sensRivity, good flexibility, and excellent stabilityare highly desirable for monitoring human biomedical signals,movements and the environment. The active materials and thedevice structures are the keys to achieve high performance.Carbon nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes （CNTs）,graphene, carbon black and carbon nanofibers, are one of themost commonly used active materials for the fabrication ofhigh-performance flexible sensors due to their superiorproperties. Especially, CNTs and graphene can be assembledinto various multi-scaled macroscopic structures, includingone dimensional fibers, two dimensional films and three di-mensional architectures, endowing the facile design of flexiblesensors for wide practical applications. In addition, the hybridstructured carbon materials derived from natural bio-mate-rials also showed a bright prospect for applications in flexiblesensors. This review provides a comprehensive presentation offlexible and wearable sensors based on the above variouscarbon materials. Following a brief introduction of flexiblesensors and carbon materials, the fundamentals of typicalflexible sensors, such as strain sensors, pressure sensors,temperature sensors and humidity sensors, are presented.Then, the latest progress of flexible sensors based on carbonmaterials, including the fabrication processes, performanceand applications, are summarized. Finally, the remainingmajor challenges of carbon-based flexible electronics are dis-cussed and the future research directions are proposed.

Selective and localized laser annealing effect for high- performance flexible multilayer MoS2 thin-film transistors

We report the use of ultra-short, pulsed-laser annealed Ti/Au contacts to enhance the performance of multilayer MoS2 field effect transistors （FETs） on flexible plastic substrates without thermal damage. An analysis of the temperature distribution, based on finite difference methods, enabled understanding of the compatibility of our picosecond laser annealing for flexible poly（ethylene naphthalate） （PEN） substrates with low thermal budget （〈 200 ℃）. The reduced contact resistance after laser annealing provided a significant improvement in transistor performance including higher peak field-effect mobility （from 24.84 to 44.84 cm2-V-l.s-1）, increased output resistance （0.42 MΩ at Vgs- Vth = 20 V, a three-fold increase）, a six-fold increase in the self-gain, and decreased sub- threshold swing. Transmission electron microscopy analysis and current-voltage measurements suggested that the reduced contact resistance resulted from the decrease of Schottky barrier width at the MoS2-metal junction. These results demonstrate that selective contact laser annealing is an attractive technology for fabricating low-resistivity metal-semiconductor junctions, providing important implications for the application of high-performance two-dimensional semicon- ductor FETs in flexible electronics.

3D-metal-embroidered electrodes:dreaming for next generation flexible and personalizable energy storage devices

Flexible and Personalizable battery is a promising candidate for energy storage, but suffers from the weldablity and large-scale producibility of the electrode. To address the issues, we design a nickel foam catalyzed electroless deposition (NFED) derived 3D-metal-pattern embroidered electrodes. This is the first attempt to utilize this type of electrode in battery field. It is found that the current collector can be embroidered on any selected areas of any complex-shape electrodes, with high controllability and economical feasibility. As a result, the electronic conductivity of the flexible electrodes can be improved by nearly one order of magnitude, which can be easily and firmly weldded to the metal tab using the industry generic ultrasonic heating process. The embroidered electrodes could substantially promote the electrochemical performance under bending deformation, with both Li-S and Li-Li FePO4batteries as the models. This innovation is also suitable to embroider all the VIII group elements on any electrodes with personalized shapes, which is widely attractive for the development of next generation flexible and personalizable energy storage devices.

Self-catalyzed growth of GaSb nanowires for high performance ultraviolet-visible-near infrared photodetectors

A simple self-catalyzed chemical vapor deposition process was conducted to synthesize single-crystalline GaSb nanowires,where Ga droplets were utilized as the catalysts.The as-grown GaSb nanowires exhibited typical p-type semiconductor behavior with the calculated hole mobility of about 0.042 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1.The photoresponse properties of the GaSb nanowires were studied by fabricating nanowire photodetectors on both rigid and flexible substrates.The results revealed that the photodetectors exhibited broad spectral response ranging from ultraviolet,visible,to near-infrared region.For the device on rigid substrate,the corresponding responsivity and the detectivity were calculated to be 3.86×10^3 A W-1 and 3.15×10^13 Jones for 500 nm light,and 7.22×10^2 A W-1 and 5.90×10^12 Jones for 808 nm light,respectively,which were the highest value compared with those of other reported Ga1-xInxAsySb1-y structure nanowires.Besides,the flexible photodetectors not only maintained the comparable good photoresponse properties as the rigid one,but also possessed excellent mechanical flexibility and stability.This study could facilitate the understanding on the fundamental characteristics of self-catalyzed grown GaSb nanowires and the design of functional nano-optoelectronic devices based on GaSb nanowires.

Recent advances in all-in-one flexible supercapacitors

The rise of personalized flexible electronics has promoted the rapid development of flexible supercapacitors due to their long service life,fast charging-discharging rates and safe operation.Different from the traditional flexible supercapacitors,the all-in-one integrated flexible supercapacitors are more resistant to deformation and lower interface resistance,which have a broader application prospect in the field of flexible electronics.This review briefly summarizes the preparation methods and electrochemical properties of some typical all-in-one supercapacitors,represented by planar and fibrous structures in recent years.Firstly,the basic understanding of traditional flexible supercapacitors and all-in-one integrated flexible supercapacitors,and the key parameters of the performance of flexible supercapacitors are introduced.Subsequently,the hydrogel matrix all-in-one supercapacitors with different functional characteristics(stretchable,self-healing and compressible)and the nonhydrogel matrix(separator,flexible membrane)all-in-one supercapacitors are discussed.Furthermore,the challenges and future development of flexible supercapacitors are considered.

Temperature-resistant and flexible supercapacitors based on 10-inch wafer-scale nanocarbon films

Most of the supercapacitors reported in literatures showed little or no flexibility in the working temperature around 150℃. However, the supercapacitors are generally exposed under complex system or extreme temperature, such as electric vehicles and extremely cold area. Herein, we successfully fabricated a large-scale robust nanocarbon hybrid film consisting of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and MnOx nano-flowers with the size up to 550 cm^2. The mechanical properties of the hybrid films depend on the ratio o f CNTs. The supercapacitors prepared with the hybrid films exhibit high flexibility and keep their performances in a temperature range from - 20 to 200℃. In addition, the devices display remarkable electrochemical and deformation stability at extrem e temperature. This strategy has a potential for the more efficient preparation of flexible electrode materials.