浅谈四项基本原则与三个“有利于”标准关系

一、四项基本原则和三个“有利于”标准并不矛盾 四项基本原则是邓小平同志针对资产阶级自由化而提出的,是反右,三个“有利于”标准是针对改革开放中思想僵化的“左”的思想而提出的,是反“左”,二者并不矛盾。 四项基本原则是邓小平同志首次提出的。我们知道,十一届三中全会前后,在中国共产党领导人民进行拨乱反正的过程中,社会上有极少数人散布怀疑和反对坚持社会主义、坚持人民民主专政、坚持共产党的领导、坚持马列主义、毛泽东思想的错误思潮,严重危害安全团结的政治局面,妨碍社会主义现代化建设。针对这种错误思潮,邓小平同志在1979年3月首次提出“四项基本原则”这个政治概念。他提出:“我们要在中国实现四个现代化,必须在思想上政治上坚持四项基本原则。这是实现四个现代化的根本前提。”(《邓小平文选》第二卷第150页)1980年12月5日邓小平同志在中央工作会议上提出要积极主动、理直气壮地宣传四项基本原则,并说:“对于这四项基本原则,必须坚持,绝不允许任何人加以动摇,并且要用适当的法律形式加以确定。”(同上第317页)邓小平同志在坚持四项基本原则问题上,一直是旗帜鲜明,讲得最多,直到南巡谈话中,还告诫人们,“在整个改革开放的过程中,必须始疑终注意坚持四项基本原则。”

环境、标准关注我们的生存空间——纪念第32届世界标准日

尽管里约地球峰会和日本京都国际大会的结果显示出很多政府在全球环境问题上面临困难,但是这些高规格会议带来的益处至少是在商业、工业和消费者中建立了一种新的理念,即他们可以在或不在严格法规框架下,自己能够采取很多措施来解决环境问题。

OSGi(开放服务网关标准)在IA(信息家电)开发中的应用

本文在分析了 IA(信息家电 )良好的发展前景之后 ,讨论了与之密切相关的 RG(家庭网关 )的现状。接着在客观比较各种家庭网关标准优缺点的基础上 ,提出了在 IA(信息家电 )的开发中推广应用 OSGi(开放服务网关标准 )的思想 ,并给出了 OSGi应用程序的开发实例。

基于OSGi家庭网关短信服务的开发

现有的GSM短信息服务程序大都是基于一般的PC机开发的,基于目前开放网关业最具有发展前途的OSGi标准,采用Sun公司提供的串口开发包comm.jar,使用java语言实现了GSM模块的短信息bundle,通过在OSGi网关上运行这个bundle,测试了程序的可靠性和稳定性。

NOVEL GENERALIZED GREY INCIDENCE MODEL BASED ON INTERVAL GREY NUMBERS

To extend the traditional generalized grey incidence model, a novel grey incidence model based on inter- val grey numbers is constructed. Considering the numerical information of indexes cannot be accurately obtained and can be defined as interval grey numbers, the interval grey numbers are defined as standard interval grey num- bers which are split in white part and grey part. The absolute degree of incidence and relative degree of incidence based on the interval grey numbers are constructed and their arithmetic are given. Finally, an example about commercial aircraft index selection illuminates the effectiveness of the model. The results show that the model can sort indexes better and can extend the grey incidence models significantly.

生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液升级改造项目案例分析

《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》GB(16889-2008)颁布实施给填埋场渗滤液处理达标排放提出了更高的要求。针对现有填埋场渗滤液处理设施的升级改造问题,本文以我国西南区的一个渗滤液改造项目为例,提出了一个具体的技术改造方案。本项目经验对于我国诸多面临改造升级的渗滤液项目具有重要的借鉴与指导作用。

Study on the scales of heterogeneous geologic bodies in random media

In order to study the scale characteristics of heterogeneities in complex media, a random medium is constructed using a statistical method and by changing model parameters （autocorrelation lengths a and b）, the scales of heterogeneous geologic bodies in the horizontal and the vertical Cartesian directions may be varied in the medium. The autocorrelation lengths a and b represent the mean scale of heterogeneous geologic bodies in the horizontal and vertical Cartesian directions in the randQm medium, respectively. Based on this model, the relationship between model autocorrelation lengths and heterogeneous geologic body scales is studied by horizontal velocity variation and standard deviation. The horizontal velocity variation research shows that velocities are in random perturbation. The heterogeneous geologic body scale increases with increasing autocorrelation length. The recursion equation for the relationship between autocorrelation lengths and heterogeneous geologic body scales is determined from the velocity standard deviation research and the actual heterogeneous geologic body scale magnitude can be estimated by the equation.

新一代虚拟专用网——BGP/MPLSVPN

该文对新一代虚拟专用网BGP/MPLS VPN的现状作了较详细的介绍和分析,并对目前BGP/MPLSVPN存在的问题进行了分析,最后对BGP/MPLS VPN的应用前景作了展望。

论现代语境中的广告审美

告无处不在,成为现代审美文化的不可或缺的一部分。作为一种新的审美文化,它具有直观性、功利性、共享性及互动性的特征,建立适应于现代语境中的符合真、善、美同时具有功用性的广告审美标准,不仅可以满足广告推广产品的要求,而且更重要的是可以让受众获得实用艺术审美愉悦,继而影响日常的生活。

Development of Bio-fertilizer Standard in China and Establishment of Standard System

Over the past decade,national standard and industry standard of bio-fertilizer have been gradually established in China. Moreover,the microbial fertilizer standard system with Chinese characteristics has been firstly established by China in the world. Development of bio-fertilizer standard,especially the amplification and modification of bio-fertilizer product standard and the construction of bio-fertilizer standard system,etc. were summarized in this paper. Meanwhile,relative suggestions of existing problems were put forward.

Effect of Varieties on Tea Pigment and Chromatic Aberration of Black Tea Infusion

Effects of varieties on the content of tea pigment, L＊, a＊ and b＊ value of chromatic aberration of black tea infusion was studied. The correlation relationship between content of TF, TR, TB and L＊, a＊, b＊ value was extremely significant at P＆lt;0.05. Fresh tea leaves with plucking standard of 1 bud and 2 leaves could man-ufacture black tea with higher content of tea pigment, higher a＊ and b＊ value but lower L＊ value, than those of plucking standard of 1 bud and 3 leaves. But the discrepancy of certain parameter of the two plucking standards changed with vari-eties. Varieties’ quality potential could be concealed by improper plucking standards. Six varieties were divided into four groups on the basis of gross tea polyphenols in fresh tea leaves （GTP）, consumption of tea polyphenols to gross tea polyphenols ratio （CTP/GTP） and gross tea pigment to consumption of tea polyphenols ratio （GP/CTP）. Hybrid performed the very suitability of black tea manufacturing. To en-sure high quality of made black tea, suitable variety should be chosen and reason-able plucking standard also should be taken into consideration.

Parameters effects on spiking deconvolution of land seismic data

Spiking deconvolution is a standard Wiener Levinson algorithm. The autocorrelation of the design time gate is computed and there is a specified taper on the design gate before the autoeorrelation is done. The standard equations are set up, prewhitening is added to the zero lag value of the autocorrelation and the matrix is inverted to derive the spiking operator. In this study, the authors describe a technique for performing spiking deconvolution on prestack time migration （PSTM） data, to test the effect of operator length and percent prewhitening in spiking deconvolution and apply spiking deconvolution trace by trace, with operator lengths 15ms, 10 ms and 5 ms when percent prewhitening 0% , 40ms and 60ms for percent prewhitening 1%. The results show when prewhitening is 0% the shorter operator gives better results, but when value of prewhitening is bigger than 0% it is better to use longer operator lengths.

The Relevance of International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium-Sized Entities （IFRS for SMEs） in Swaziland

The purpose of this study is to explore the relevance of adopting International Financial Reporting Standards （IFRS） for small and medium-sized entities （SMEs） in Swaziland. The study further seeks to determine if IFRS for SMEs can be the solution to better reporting by local SMEs. There has been a growing need for different reporting standards for small firms and big firms over the years due to the unique challenges and attributes they face especially in the area of financial reporting. This research is based on a statistical analysis of questionnaires completed by accountants from SMEs in Swaziland as well as other stakeholders who have a direct or an indirect interest in the financial statements of SMEs. These stakeholders included audit firms and the financial institutions. The sampling rate of 10% was applied across each industry to come up with a sample of 60 SMEs. Furthermore, a 100% sampling rate on the other stakeholders was applied. These were nine financial institutions and eight audit finns. The findings from the study revealed that SMEs in Swaziland are having challenges with the current reporting framework but to some extent, the framework is suitable. Most SMEs are not aware of IFRS for SMEs, therefore the accounting profession in Swaziland （SIA） has a huge role to play in training auditors and accountants in the country. Overall, IFRS for SMEs is applicable in Swaziland.

Incremental age-related one-year MACCE after acute myocardial infarction in the drug-eluting stent era （from KAMIR-NIH registry）

Objectives To evaluate the age-related one-year major adverse cardiocerebrovascular events （MACCE） after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. We analyzed the association between age and one-year MACCE after AMI. Methods A total of 13,104 AMI patients from Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institue of Health （KAMIR-NIH） between November 2011 and December 2015 were classified into four groups according to age （Group I, 〈 60 years, n = 4199; Group II, 60-70 years, n = 2577; Group III; 70-80 years, n = 2774; Group IV, ≥ 80 years, n = 1018）. Patients were analyzed for one-year composite of MACCE （cardiac death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, cerebrovascular events） after AMI. Results The one-year MACCE in AMI were 3.5% （Group I）, 6.3% （Group II）, 9.6% （Group III） and 17.6% （Group IV）. After adjustment for confounding para- meters, the analysis results showed that patients with AMI had incremental risk of one-year MACCE [Group II, adjusted hazard ratios （aHR） = 1.224, 95% CI： 0.965-1.525, P = 0.096; Group III, aHR = 1.316, 95% CI： 1.037-1.671, P= 0.024; Group IV, aHR = 1.975, 95% CI： 1.500-62.601, P〈 0.001） compared to Group I. Especially, cardiac death in the composite of primary end point played a major role in this effect （Group II, aHR = 1.335, 95% CI： 0.941-1.895, P= 0.106; Group III, aHR = 1.575, 95% CI： 1.122-2.210, P= 0.009; Group IV, aHR = 2.803, 95% CI： 1.937-4.054, P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions Despite advanced techniques and medications for PCI in AMI, age still exerts a powerful influence in clinical outcomes. Careful approaches, even in the modem era of developed cardiology are needed for aged-population in AMI intervention.

NEW CONCEPT FOR DETERMINING THE ORDERS OF SAC AND PC

The autocorrelation of a Boolean function possesses the capability to reflect such characteristics as linear structure, Strict Avalanche Criterion(SAC) and Propagation Criterion(PC)of degree k. But it can do nothing in determining the order of SAC or PC. A calculating table for the autocorrelation is constructed in this paper so as to show what is beyond the autocorrelation and how the three cryptographic characteristics are exhibited. A deeper study on the calculating table in a similar way has helped us to develop a new concept, named as the general autocorrelation, to address efficiently the problem how to determine the orders of SAC and PC. The application on the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES) shows the SAC and PC characteristics of Boolean functions of AES S-box.

Ether net Ring Protection for ITU-T G.8032

Ethernet Ring Protection (ERP) introduced by ITU-T G.8032 Recommendation is a new type of packet-switched network protection technology, which can provide ring automatic protection switch. However, the Filtering Database (FDB) flush method adopted in the current ERP standard has the drawback of introducing a large amount of transient traffic overshoot caused by flooded Ethernet frames right after protection switching. In this article, we propose a G.8032 ERP scheme that uses FDB flush based on area to resolve this issue and investigate how the proposed scheme deals with the traffic flooding problem. The theoretical analysis and simulation show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the performance of the Ethernet ring by decreasing the unnecessary FDB flush in comparison with the existing approaches.

A Comparison of Three Surrogacy Agreement Cases Using AHP

This paper builds on the previous work of Knott, Ninassi and Eisenhardt＇s 2009 paper, ＂Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） to Look at the Tradeoffs Among Stakeholders in the Case of Surrogacy, when the Initial Intention of the Parties Involved Change After the Pregnancy Has Ensued＂. This paper proposes a new methodology for analyzing cases involving stakeholders in disputed surrogacy arrangement. The methodology utilized is the Analytic Hierarchy Process, which allows users to weigh different criteria based on their own opinions and background. Three case studies involved a surrogacy arrangement among three stakeholders： the biological mother, the biological father and the surrogate mother. The base for the model was that all parties had entered into an agreement, and that after the agreement had been made, a situation changed, such that a decision as to who had parental rights over the fetus became an issue. The criteria used in the decision making process in the three case studies were legal, health and ethical. The criteria differed based upon each stakeholder＇s point of view. In this paper, the three models were developed using the AI-tP methodology and judgments were gathered for each of the three cases to derive the priorities for the criteria in each model. Each author took the role of one of the three stakeholders.

Anemia as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients with Decompensated Heart Failure

Objective： To correlate file presence of anemia with mortality in hospitalized patients with decompensated HF （heart failure）. Methods： A total of 148 patients hospitalized for HF compensation were analyzed from April 1 to December 31, 2017 in a tertiary referral hospital for cardiovascular diseases. The diagnosis of anemia was established according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health criteria, considering a serum hemoglobin value of 〈 13 g/alL for men and 〈 12 g/dL for women. Data were collected through medical and physical attendance records. Statistical analysis was performed using the Epi Info program, version 7.0 for Windows, with Student＇ s t test for unpaired variables, Chi-square test and Fischer test. The significance ofp 〈 0.05 was considered. Results： Of the 148 selected patients, 63.5% were male, 60.1% were over 65 years old, 50.74% were enrolled in the first grade, and 93.2% were self-declared white. The prevalence of anemia observed in the study population was 72 （56.25%）, of which 49 （68%） were male and 23 （32%） were female. The mortality rate of the anemic patients was 19.4%, a total of 14 patients, whereas the non-anemic patients rate was 7.9%. It was observed that patients with worse outcome had hemoglobin 〈 12rag/alL （p = 0.045） and Functional Class （FC IV） by the New York Heart Association （NYHA） （p = 0.0001） at hospital admission. Conclusions： It is noticed that anemia is a frequent finding in patients with HF and that it interferes in the clinical manifestations, with worsening of the prognosis. Anemia treatment is not yet standarized in the HF approach, but patients without anemia appear to evolve with more favorable outcomes than anemia.

Collaborative Design of Parametric Sustainable Architecture

Sustainable architecture is complex. Many aspects, differently important to many stakeholders, are to be optimized. BIM should be used for this. Building Information Modellingis a collaborative process where all stakeholders integrate and optimize their information in a digital 3D model. Sometimes it is called Green BIM. But what exactly is that？ Is the International Standard Organization IFC standard useful for this？ And is it compatible with new developments in parametric design？ Advantages and disadvantages of BIM are listed. Full parametric design is needed because it keeps the design flexible and open for changes until the end of the design process. However it is not compatible with IFC; only object parametric design is. A possible way out of this paradox could be the use of scripts that only create objects if they are not already in the BIM database and otherwise only adapt their properties. An example of parametric sustainable architectural design explains the mentioned issues.

On the Computation of Noether Normalization

This paper considered the Noether normalization of a finitely generated algebra over an algebraically closed field. It gives a necessary and sufficient condition as well as an algorithm for the identification of those algebraically independent variables, then uses these elements to construct the Noether normalization of this algebra.