Objective This study proposes to visually review the current situation and progress of standards sets by the International Organization for Standardization/Technical Committee on Traditional Chinese Medicine(ISO/TC 24...Objective This study proposes to visually review the current situation and progress of standards sets by the International Organization for Standardization/Technical Committee on Traditional Chinese Medicine(ISO/TC 249). The review aims to explore the development strategies of the standards, which will exhibit the considerable impact on the economy, trade and exchanges, and cooperation in the area of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods ISO/TC 249 standards were searched on the ISO website, and their title, proposed time, current stage, scope, and classification were obtained for further summarization. Gephi was utilized to portray the co-occurrence network graph of the ISO/TC 249 standards subject.Results In ISO/TC 249, there were 116 standards, including 81 published standards and 35 developing standards by April 30, 2022. Two withdrawal standards were published after revision, which were not counted in the total standards. The number of published standards has been increasing since the first standard was published in 2014, whose title was “Sterile acupuncture needles for single use”. Among these standards, 17.24%(20/116) standards were in review, 56.03%(65/116) in publication, 3.45%(4/116) in approval, 5.17%(6/116) in enquiry,3.45%(4/116) in committee, and 14.66%(17/116) in preparation, respectively. With 116 standards, most of the research focused on the medicament, as its classification of the International Classification for Standards(ICS) showed the proportion reaching 49.54%. The network analysis data revealed that the top five most frequent words were “materials” “root” “requirements” “products” and “system”, after removing the noise data, such as prepositions,conjunctions, and pronouns. Additionally, the word “system” co-exists with the terms “computerized” “coding” “image” “tongue” and “analysis”;the word “requirement” co-exists with“manufacturing” “decoction” “process” and “materials”;whereas the word “devices” coexists with “pulse” “electric” “skin” and “measurement”.Conclusion With the increased diversification and complexity of problems, the development of standards is also oriented to multidisciplinary fields to cultivate the interdisciplinary talents, and especially the international standardization talents of compound TCM. Multi-angle analysis, formulation, and demonstration of standards, in line with industry needs in different disciplines, enhance the availability of standards and the ability to serve the industry.展开更多
基于2007~2012年TRMM卫星上搭载的降水雷达提供的雷达反射率因子、降水率、降水类型等产品,结合ECMWF提供的再分析数据资料,分析了全球热带海洋地区平均降水率、400 h Pa垂直速度、850 h Pa相对湿度和下对流层稳定度的时空分布特征.根据...基于2007~2012年TRMM卫星上搭载的降水雷达提供的雷达反射率因子、降水率、降水类型等产品,结合ECMWF提供的再分析数据资料,分析了全球热带海洋地区平均降水率、400 h Pa垂直速度、850 h Pa相对湿度和下对流层稳定度的时空分布特征.根据400 h Pa垂直速度的季节差异确定了4个子研究区及相应对比季节,给出了对比季节内浅对流单体、层云、对流云3种降水系统降水量、降水面积、降水强度以及垂直结构上的差异.结果表明:(1)热带海洋地区平均降水率与400 h Pa上升速度在时空分布上存在一个显著的正相关,即400 h Pa上升速度越强的地区平均降水率越大;(2)4个子研究区内层云降水对区域累积降水面积贡献率最大(年均值均超过50%),对流云降水次之(约30%),而对流云降水对区域累积降水量贡献率最大(约65%),层云降水次之(约25%);(3)400 h Pa上升速度较强时,4个子研究区中3类降水系统的累积降水面积、累积降水量都有所增加,但降水强度以及降水系统垂直结构的变化存在差异,其中对流云降水强度一致增大且其垂直结构上的发展更旺盛;(4)对流云降水系统的雨顶高度、雷达反射率重心以及30 d BZ回波顶高随着400 h Pa上升速度的增强以及850 h Pa相对湿度的增加而迅速抬升,同时随着下对流层稳定度的降低有所抬升,但变化率较小.说明影响对流降水系统垂直结构的主要气象条件是400 h Pa上升速度和850 h Pa相对湿度.展开更多
Let {X,Xn,n1} be a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables with EX=0 and assume that EX2I(|X|≤x) is slowly varying as x→∞,i.e.,X is in the domain of attraction of the normal law.In this pap...Let {X,Xn,n1} be a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables with EX=0 and assume that EX2I(|X|≤x) is slowly varying as x→∞,i.e.,X is in the domain of attraction of the normal law.In this paper a Strassen-type strong approximation is established for self-normalized sums of such random variables.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1707606)Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2022MS500)+1 种基金Chengdu Science and Technology Department Project(2019-YF09-00185-SN)Xinglin Scholar Research Promotion Project of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (MPRC2021022)。
文摘Objective This study proposes to visually review the current situation and progress of standards sets by the International Organization for Standardization/Technical Committee on Traditional Chinese Medicine(ISO/TC 249). The review aims to explore the development strategies of the standards, which will exhibit the considerable impact on the economy, trade and exchanges, and cooperation in the area of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods ISO/TC 249 standards were searched on the ISO website, and their title, proposed time, current stage, scope, and classification were obtained for further summarization. Gephi was utilized to portray the co-occurrence network graph of the ISO/TC 249 standards subject.Results In ISO/TC 249, there were 116 standards, including 81 published standards and 35 developing standards by April 30, 2022. Two withdrawal standards were published after revision, which were not counted in the total standards. The number of published standards has been increasing since the first standard was published in 2014, whose title was “Sterile acupuncture needles for single use”. Among these standards, 17.24%(20/116) standards were in review, 56.03%(65/116) in publication, 3.45%(4/116) in approval, 5.17%(6/116) in enquiry,3.45%(4/116) in committee, and 14.66%(17/116) in preparation, respectively. With 116 standards, most of the research focused on the medicament, as its classification of the International Classification for Standards(ICS) showed the proportion reaching 49.54%. The network analysis data revealed that the top five most frequent words were “materials” “root” “requirements” “products” and “system”, after removing the noise data, such as prepositions,conjunctions, and pronouns. Additionally, the word “system” co-exists with the terms “computerized” “coding” “image” “tongue” and “analysis”;the word “requirement” co-exists with“manufacturing” “decoction” “process” and “materials”;whereas the word “devices” coexists with “pulse” “electric” “skin” and “measurement”.Conclusion With the increased diversification and complexity of problems, the development of standards is also oriented to multidisciplinary fields to cultivate the interdisciplinary talents, and especially the international standardization talents of compound TCM. Multi-angle analysis, formulation, and demonstration of standards, in line with industry needs in different disciplines, enhance the availability of standards and the ability to serve the industry.
文摘基于2007~2012年TRMM卫星上搭载的降水雷达提供的雷达反射率因子、降水率、降水类型等产品,结合ECMWF提供的再分析数据资料,分析了全球热带海洋地区平均降水率、400 h Pa垂直速度、850 h Pa相对湿度和下对流层稳定度的时空分布特征.根据400 h Pa垂直速度的季节差异确定了4个子研究区及相应对比季节,给出了对比季节内浅对流单体、层云、对流云3种降水系统降水量、降水面积、降水强度以及垂直结构上的差异.结果表明:(1)热带海洋地区平均降水率与400 h Pa上升速度在时空分布上存在一个显著的正相关,即400 h Pa上升速度越强的地区平均降水率越大;(2)4个子研究区内层云降水对区域累积降水面积贡献率最大(年均值均超过50%),对流云降水次之(约30%),而对流云降水对区域累积降水量贡献率最大(约65%),层云降水次之(约25%);(3)400 h Pa上升速度较强时,4个子研究区中3类降水系统的累积降水面积、累积降水量都有所增加,但降水强度以及降水系统垂直结构的变化存在差异,其中对流云降水强度一致增大且其垂直结构上的发展更旺盛;(4)对流云降水系统的雨顶高度、雷达反射率重心以及30 d BZ回波顶高随着400 h Pa上升速度的增强以及850 h Pa相对湿度的增加而迅速抬升,同时随着下对流层稳定度的降低有所抬升,但变化率较小.说明影响对流降水系统垂直结构的主要气象条件是400 h Pa上升速度和850 h Pa相对湿度.
基金supported by an NSERC Canada Discovery Grant of M.Csrgo at Carleton UniversityNational Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10801122)+1 种基金Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.200803581009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Let {X,Xn,n1} be a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables with EX=0 and assume that EX2I(|X|≤x) is slowly varying as x→∞,i.e.,X is in the domain of attraction of the normal law.In this paper a Strassen-type strong approximation is established for self-normalized sums of such random variables.
