By avoiding or reducing the production of waste, waste minimization is an effective approach to solve the pollution problem in chemical industry. Process integration supported by multi-objective optimization provides ...By avoiding or reducing the production of waste, waste minimization is an effective approach to solve the pollution problem in chemical industry. Process integration supported by multi-objective optimization provides a framework for process design or process retrofit by simultaneously optimizing on the aspects of environment and economics. Multi-objective genetic algorithm is applied in this area as the solution approach for the multi-objective optimization problem.展开更多
Objective： To discuss strategies and methods of normalization on how to deal with and analyze data for different chips with the combination of statistics, mathematics and bioinformatics in order to find significant d...Objective： To discuss strategies and methods of normalization on how to deal with and analyze data for different chips with the combination of statistics, mathematics and bioinformatics in order to find significant difference genes. Methods： With Excel and SPSS software, high or low density chips were analyzed through total intensity normalization （TIN） and locally weighted linear regression normalization （LWLRN）. Results： These methods effectively reduced systemic errors and made data more comparable and reliable. Conclusion： These methods can search the genes of significant difference, although normalization methods are being developed and need to be improved further. Great breakthrough will be obtained in microarray data normalization analysis and transformation with the development of non-linear technology, software and hardware of computer.展开更多
In this study, the O3/BAC/TiO2 catalytic method was used to treat the phenolic wastewater. During the experiments the effects of initial phenol concentration, ozone concentration, pH value, catalyst and other conditio...In this study, the O3/BAC/TiO2 catalytic method was used to treat the phenolic wastewater. During the experiments the effects of initial phenol concentration, ozone concentration, pH value, catalyst and other conditions on the phenol removal rate were investigated. The test results showed that when the phenol concentration was 0.1 g/L, the ozone-containing air flow rate was 0.05 m3/b, the ozone concentration was 3.58 mg/L, the pH value was 7.5, and the treating time was 30 minutes, the phenol removal rate reached 99%, with the COD removal rate equating to 55%. The property of treated wastewater could comply with the first-grade effluent specified in ＂Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard＂ （GB8978--1996）.展开更多
The 3rd generation catalytic cracking naphtha selective hydrodesulfurization(RSDS-III) technology developed by RIPP included the catalysts selective adjusting(RSAT) technology, the development of new catalysts and opt...The 3rd generation catalytic cracking naphtha selective hydrodesulfurization(RSDS-III) technology developed by RIPP included the catalysts selective adjusting(RSAT) technology, the development of new catalysts and optimized process conditions. The pilot plant test results showed that the RSDS-III technology could be adapted to different feedstocks. The sulfur content dropped from 600 μg/g and 631 μg/g to 7 μg/g and 9 μg/g, respectively, by RSDS-III technology when feed A and feed B were processed to meet China national V gasoline standard, with the RON loss of products equating to 0.9 units and 1.0 unit, respectively. While the feed C with a medium sulfur content was processed according to the full-range naphtha hydrotreating technology, the sulfur content dropped from 357 μg/g in the feed to 10 μg/g in gasoline, with the RON loss of product decreased by only 0.6 units. Thanks to the high HDS activity and good selectivity of RSDS-III technology, the ultra-low-sulfur gasoline meeting China V standard could be produced by the RSDS-III technology with little RON loss.展开更多
For the geometry characteristics of open free-form surfaces,it is hard to consider global interference during the planning of feasible domains.Therefore,the optimal kinematic orientation of tool axis will no longer be...For the geometry characteristics of open free-form surfaces,it is hard to consider global interference during the planning of feasible domains.Therefore,the optimal kinematic orientation of tool axis will no longer be confined to the boundary of feasible domains.In this paper,according to the principle demanding that the tool should be fitted to a surface as close as possible and relevant processing parameters,a feasible domain of tool orientation for each cutter contact is planned in the local feed coordinates system.Then,these feasible domains of the tool orientation are transformed into the same coordinates system of the machine tool by the inverse kinematics transformation.The linear equations based feasible domain method and Rosen gradient projection algorithm are used to improve the optimization process in precision and efficiency of the algorithm.It constructs the variation of tool orientation optimization model and ensures the smoothness of tool orientation globally.Simulation and analysis of examples show that the proposed method has good kinematics performance and greatly improves the efficiency.展开更多
文摘By avoiding or reducing the production of waste, waste minimization is an effective approach to solve the pollution problem in chemical industry. Process integration supported by multi-objective optimization provides a framework for process design or process retrofit by simultaneously optimizing on the aspects of environment and economics. Multi-objective genetic algorithm is applied in this area as the solution approach for the multi-objective optimization problem.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 60371034)the Scientific Research Foundation of Third Military Medical University(2007XG20)
文摘Objective： To discuss strategies and methods of normalization on how to deal with and analyze data for different chips with the combination of statistics, mathematics and bioinformatics in order to find significant difference genes. Methods： With Excel and SPSS software, high or low density chips were analyzed through total intensity normalization （TIN） and locally weighted linear regression normalization （LWLRN）. Results： These methods effectively reduced systemic errors and made data more comparable and reliable. Conclusion： These methods can search the genes of significant difference, although normalization methods are being developed and need to be improved further. Great breakthrough will be obtained in microarray data normalization analysis and transformation with the development of non-linear technology, software and hardware of computer.
文摘In this study, the O3/BAC/TiO2 catalytic method was used to treat the phenolic wastewater. During the experiments the effects of initial phenol concentration, ozone concentration, pH value, catalyst and other conditions on the phenol removal rate were investigated. The test results showed that when the phenol concentration was 0.1 g/L, the ozone-containing air flow rate was 0.05 m3/b, the ozone concentration was 3.58 mg/L, the pH value was 7.5, and the treating time was 30 minutes, the phenol removal rate reached 99%, with the COD removal rate equating to 55%. The property of treated wastewater could comply with the first-grade effluent specified in ＂Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard＂ （GB8978--1996）.
基金the financial support from the SINOPEC(No.114016)
文摘The 3rd generation catalytic cracking naphtha selective hydrodesulfurization(RSDS-III) technology developed by RIPP included the catalysts selective adjusting(RSAT) technology, the development of new catalysts and optimized process conditions. The pilot plant test results showed that the RSDS-III technology could be adapted to different feedstocks. The sulfur content dropped from 600 μg/g and 631 μg/g to 7 μg/g and 9 μg/g, respectively, by RSDS-III technology when feed A and feed B were processed to meet China national V gasoline standard, with the RON loss of products equating to 0.9 units and 1.0 unit, respectively. While the feed C with a medium sulfur content was processed according to the full-range naphtha hydrotreating technology, the sulfur content dropped from 357 μg/g in the feed to 10 μg/g in gasoline, with the RON loss of product decreased by only 0.6 units. Thanks to the high HDS activity and good selectivity of RSDS-III technology, the ultra-low-sulfur gasoline meeting China V standard could be produced by the RSDS-III technology with little RON loss.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Project of China under Grant No.2011CB302400the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.50975274 and 50975495
文摘For the geometry characteristics of open free-form surfaces,it is hard to consider global interference during the planning of feasible domains.Therefore,the optimal kinematic orientation of tool axis will no longer be confined to the boundary of feasible domains.In this paper,according to the principle demanding that the tool should be fitted to a surface as close as possible and relevant processing parameters,a feasible domain of tool orientation for each cutter contact is planned in the local feed coordinates system.Then,these feasible domains of the tool orientation are transformed into the same coordinates system of the machine tool by the inverse kinematics transformation.The linear equations based feasible domain method and Rosen gradient projection algorithm are used to improve the optimization process in precision and efficiency of the algorithm.It constructs the variation of tool orientation optimization model and ensures the smoothness of tool orientation globally.Simulation and analysis of examples show that the proposed method has good kinematics performance and greatly improves the efficiency.
