一种频标变换的方法

对基准频率进行变换通常采用锁相环路或频率搬移电路。前者作为一个环路电路肯定复杂，调试难度增加，后者由于需要混频器或乘法器也存在类似问题。该文介绍的基准频率变换方法实质上是一种频率搬移法。采用ＭＯＴＯＲＯＬＡ公司生产的ＭＣ１４０１１、ＣＭＯＳ与门非电路及模块化晶体带通滤波器可使电路大大简化，调试十分方便。实验结果表明，具有工作可靠、稳定度高、体积小等特点。文中还讨论了工作原理和设计要点。

关于时空标架变换和物质标架无关性原理

建立了欧几里德标架无关性的一般表述与某一参考标架φ下作相对刚体运动的一般曲线坐标、分量表述之间的关系,从而使欧几里德标架无关性的张量表述有相应的分量表述形式.建立这种联系的基础是,参考标架φ~＊下描述的运动在参考标架φ中某坐标系下的分量结果,对应于φ下另一相对该坐标系作相同刚体运动的坐标系下描述φ观测的运动的分量结果.通过例子说明了Truesdell和Noll用等价动力过程,关于物质标架无关性原理的陈述,比Svendsen和Bertram及Liu的本构关系在参考标架变换下的形式不变性更合理且方便,尤其是对微分方程形式的本构关系更是如此.

时空系的标架变换规律和受内约束简单物质的响应泛函

讨论了标架无关性的定义,指出Hunter(1983)[1]和王自强(2000)[2]的定义及时空系标架变换规律与理论力学[3]中有关复合运动的有关概念一致,这表明Truesdell和Noll(1965)的时空标架变换规律及客观量标架变换规律只有被理解为矩阵方程而不是张量方程才是正确的.还讨论了受内约束简单物质的响应泛函.利用Vianello(1990)[4]的方法证明总是存在正规化方法选取满足正规化条件的可决定应力响应泛函使它同时满足标架无关性和物质对称性要求.这就从理论上说明,对受内约束简单物质,可以引入正规化条件消除响应泛函的不确定性,确定可决定应力响应泛函.

坐标测量──坐标变换法在公路工程中的应用

采用坐标变换法放样路基边坡与传统方法相比较，具有灵活、方便、准确的特点，不仅节省了很多工作量，而且施工与放样可同时进行。除路基放样外如用于路面中线、桥轴线、墩台轴线的检查验收中也会取得良好效果。

60°坐标系下三电平逆变器SVPWM控制策略研究

为解决二极管箝位型三电平逆变器直角坐标系下SVPWM算法复杂、计算量大的问题,本文采用60°坐标系对控制算法进行了改进。建立g-h坐标系,分析了参考矢量与空间坐标的关系,提出了参考电压矢量标幺变换的算法,简化了判断扇区方法,计算第Ⅰ扇区电压矢量的作用时间;建立了系统旋转模型,将其他扇区电压矢量对应到第Ⅰ扇区,直接读取矢量作用时间,简化了运算流程,避免了进行大量的三角函数运算。Matlab仿真和实验结果验证了本方法的可行性。

能谱分维函数的三种形式与邻间距(NNS)分布

由重标变换群出发,结合粗粒慨念,全面引出三种形式的能谱分维函数,揭示了它们之间的关系及其与邻间距(NNS)分布函数的联系,同时还对这种联系的成立条件及分维函数具有统计意义的范围加以了论证。

岩体结构二维可视化模型及其应用研究

岩体结构图形可视化是岩体结构研究的一个有效手段 ,它可以为地质工程师和工程设计人员提供直观的图形资料 ,以便他们做出合理的地质判断和工程设计。我们基于随机不连续面圆盘理论提出了岩体结构二维可视化模型 ,解决了岩体结构在平面图和剖面图中的定位和绘制方法 ,并将这一方法应用于西南某大型水电站坝肩抗力体岩体结构研究中 ,取得了较好的效果 ,实践证明该方法是可行的。

凿岩机器人钻臂驱动油缸行程计算

运用机器人理论中的坐标变换原理,求出钻臂机构处于不同位姿时各油缸的行程。该方法与传统的几何分析法相比,具有简单、清晰、便于计算机解算的特点。

对数字信号处理中若干归一化的讨论

就数字频率是模拟角频率对采样频率的归一、模拟频率与数字频率统一定标中的归一、对理想低通滤波器的归一、对样本传函的归一等若干归一进行了讨论,给出了相应的结论.

Variable-coordinate forward modeling of irregular surface based on dual-variable grid

The mapping method is a forward-modeling method that transforms the irregular surface to horizontal by mapping the rectangular grid as curved; moreover, the wave field calculations move from the physical domain to the calculation domain. The mapping method deals with the irregular surface and the low-velocity layer underneath it using a fine grid. For the deeper high-velocity layers, the use of a fine grid causes local oversampling. In addition, when the irregular surface is transformed to horizontal, the flattened interface below the surface is transformed to curved, which produces inaccurate modeling results because of the presence of ladder-like burrs in the simulated seismic wave. Thus, we propose the mapping method based on the dual-variable finite-difference staggered grid. The proposed method uses different size grid spacings in different regions and locally variable time steps to match the size variability of grid spacings. Numerical examples suggest that the proposed method requires less memory storage capacity and improves the computational efficiency compared with forward modeling methods based on the conventional grid.

Poststack reverse-time migration using a non-reflecting recursive algorithm on surface relief

Presently the research based on the accurate seismic imaging methods for surface relief, complex structure, and complicated velocity distributions is of great significance. Reverse-time migration is considered to be one of highly accurate methods. In this paper, we propose a new non-reflecting recursive algorithm for reverse-time migration by introducing the wave impedance function into the acoustic wave equation and the algorithm for the surface relief case is derived from the coordinate transformation principle. Using the exploding reflector principle and the zero-time imaging condition of poststack reverse- time migration, poststack numerical simulation and reverse-time migration with complex conditions can be realized. The results of synthetic and real data calculations show that the method effectively suppresses unwanted internal reflections and also deals with the seismic imaging problems resulting from surface relief. So, we prove that this method has strong adaptability and practicality.

ANTI-ROTATION AND ANTI-SCALE IMAGE MATCHING ALGORITHM FOR NAVIGATION SYSTEM

Based on the inertial navigation system, the influences of the excursion of the inertial navigation system and the measurement error of the wireless pressure altimeter on the rotation and scale of the real image are quantitatively analyzed in scene matching. The log-polar transform （LPT） is utilized and an anti-rotation and anti- scale image matching algorithm is proposed based on the image edge feature point extraction. In the algorithm, the center point is combined with its four-neighbor points, and the corresponding computing process is put forward. Simulation results show that in the image rotation and scale variation range resulted from the navigation system error and the measurement error of the wireless pressure altimeter, the proposed image matching algo- rithm can satisfy the accuracy demands of the scene aided navigation system and provide the location error-correcting information of the system.

SAR Moving Target Detection and Imaging Based on WVH Transform

Aim To propose a generalized and closed representation of the Wigner Ville Hough transform(WVHT), for the moving target detection and imaging in the design of synthetic aperture radar(SAR). Methods Based on the line integral, the WVH transform was derived by combining the Wigner Ville distribution (WVD) and the Hough transform (HT) together. The new transform was then verified with computer by the simulated SAR echoes. Results and Conclusion The correctness and the validity of the WVH transform were proved by the computer simulation. Compared with the conventional WVD HT method, the new approach based on the WVHT can simplify the processing procedure, it can translate the chirp echoes of multi targets of SAR from the time domain into the parameter space directly, while suppressing the cross terms of WVD and estimating the motion coefficients for the final imaging. It is obvious that the WVH transform can be also used in other cases for the chirp signal detection.

Combined Method of Datum Transformation Between Different Coordinate Systems

The similarity transformation model between different coordinate systems is not accurate enough to describe the discrepancy of them.Therefore,the coordinate transformation from the coordinate frame with poor accuracy to that with high accuracy cannot guarantee a high precision of transformation.In this paper,a combined method of similarity transformation and regressive approximating is presented.The local error accumulation and distortion are taken into consideration and the precision of coordinate system is improved by using the recommended method

一种串行双基SAR的SIFT成像算法(英文)

针对串行双基地合成孔径雷达(SAR)中的距离徙动的空变问题,该文提出了一种变标逆傅里叶变换成像算法,通过两次相位相乘和一次卷积操作实现距离徙动的精确校正。该算法基于一种由几何关系公式方法推导出的严格解析双基点目标频谱,可以完成长基线距离比条件下的串行双基 SAR 的数据处理。仿真实验和对比实验验证了该算法的有效性和优越性。此外,不同于其他的变标算法,该变标逆傅里叶变换(SIFT)成像算法不依赖于信号的线性调频特性,同样适用于相位编码信号,有更广的适用范围。

Sub-pixel extraction of laser stripeand itsapplication in laser plane calibration

For calibrating the laser plane to implement 3D shape measurement, an algorithm for extracting the laser stripe with sub-pixel accuracy is proposed. The proposed algorithm mainly consists of two stages： two-side edge detection and center line extraction. First, the two-side edge of laser stripe is detected using the principal component angle-based progressive probabilistic Hough transform and its width is calculated through the distance between these two edges. Secondly, the center line of laser strip is extracted with 2D Taylor expansion at a sub-pixel level and the laser plane is calibrated with the 3D reconstructed coordinates from the extracted 2D sub-pixel ones. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can not only extract the laser stripe at a high speed, nearly average 78 ms/frame, but also calibrate the coplanar laser stripes at a low error, limited to 0.3 mm. The proposed algorithm can satisfy the system requirement of two-side edge detection and center line extraction, and rapid speed, high precision, as well as strong anti-jamming.

一种有源滤波器SVPWM控制策略的优化算法

建立60°坐标系,经过标幺变换,使基本矢量转化为标幺值,并且通过旋转矩阵,将其他扇区旋转到第1扇区,基本矢量作用时间固定,大大简化了运算方法,优化运算流程。在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建三相并联型APF仿真模型和实验验证,结果表明基于60°坐标系下有源滤波器SVPWM优化算法在保证系统稳态精度的同时有效改善了系统的动态响应性能。

Fast Digital Correlation Calculation Method in Extended Beacon Wavefront Detection

On the basis of Hartmann Shack sensor imaging analysis, a new method is presented with which the wavefront slope can be obtained when the object is incoherent and extended. This method, which is demonstrated by both theoretical interpreting and computer simulation, explains how to measure the wavefront slope difference between two sub apertures through the determination of image displacements on detector plane. It includes a fast and accurate digital algorithm for detecting wavefront disturbance, which is much suitable for realization in such electrical hardwares as digital signal processors.

Darboux Transformations for Space-Like Isothermic Surfaces in R^m,1

In this paper,by using the G_(m,1)~(1,1)-system,we study Darboux transformations for space-like isothermic surfaces in Minkowski space R~(m,1),where G_(m,1)~(1,1)=O(m+1,2)/O(m,1)×O(1,1).

Flexible Calibration Method for 3D Laser Scanner System

In this paper, a flexible high-precision calibration method suitable for industrial field was proposed. The complexity of the coordinate transformation was simplified by choosing the camera coordinate system as the unified reference coordinate system. A flexible planar calibration pattern was introduced to the calibration process, which can be arbitrarily placed and from which the known feature points can be extracted to construct other unknown feature points. With the known intrinsic parameters, the laser projector plane equation was fitted by the multi-noncollinear points, which were acquired through the principle of triangulation and the projective invariance of cross ratio. With this method, the strict alignment and multiple times of coordinate transformation can be avoided. Experimental results showed that the arithmetic mean of the root mean square(RMS) error of distance was 0.000 7 mm.