光电开关原理与应用──第四讲 标志型光电开关

光电开关原理与应用──第四讲 标志型光电开关上海市０２０－０４７信箱（２０００２０）梅豪，梅杰标志传感器是指红、绿、蓝等各种颜色都能检测的光电传感器，它与放大器一起组成标志型光电开关。（一）特点标志形光电开关具有很高的响应速度，采用红色光源、绿色光源...

星地量子密钥分发中的时间同步研究

高精度的时间同步是星地量子密钥分发实验的关键.给出了一种新型的时间同步方案,该方案采用与量子信号光共光路的同步光脉冲,采用单光子探测器对同步光脉冲进行探测,通过基于时间标记型高精度时间测量插件对信号事例和同步事例进行精确的时间测量.解决了星地量子密钥分发实验中星上同步光对卫星平台载荷和资源要求较高及同步光与量子信号光的隔离问题.系统成功应用于16 km自由空间量子密钥分发实验中,并达到1.023ns(1σ)的全系统时间同步精度,量子密钥分发原始码成码率为8.27 kHz.

现代汉语被动句的界定及其分类

被动句作为一种特殊的句式,历来受到人们的重视。通过对被动句进行界定,确定了其范围,依据被动句是否有标记词进行了分类,同时依据标志词的语法性质对被动句进行划分,指出被动句首先可分为标志型被动句和无标志被动句,标志型被动句子可分为介标型被动句及动标型被动句两类,无标志被动句又称意念被动句,在现代汉语中占大多数。

针对韩国学习者的汉语被动句式研究——以汉韩被动句式对动词的选择为中心

对汉韩被动句式进行对比分析,以动词为中心,以句型为单位,揭示了汉语被动句型在动词的选择上的特点和差异,以期解决韩国学习者在被动句式习得方面产生的问题。

A randomized, open-label, multicentre study to evaluate plasma atherosclerotic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arteriosclerosis obliterans when treated with Probucol and Cilostazol

Objectives To evaluate the plasma atherosclerotic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） and arteriosclerosis obliteran （ASO） when treated with Probucol plus Cilostazol in combination and individually. Methods In this open-label study, patients aged 40-75 years were randomized to receive conventional therapy alone, or with Cilostazol 100 mg bid, or with Probucol 250 mg bid, or with both in combination. Endpoints included changes in plasma biomarker and safety at 12 weeks. Results Of the 200 randomized pati- ents, 165 for per-protocol and 160 for the safety （QTc intervals） were set, respectively. Probucol significantly reduced total cholesterol （P 〈 0.001）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, （P = 0.01）, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） （P 〈 0.001） compared with conventional therapy. Cilostazol was effective in increasing HDL-C （P = 0.002） and reducing triglycerides levels （P 〈 0.01） compared with conventional therapy. A trend towards significance was observed for the difference between conventional therapy alone and Probucol plus Cilostazol group for the change in oxidized low-density lipoprotein （Ox-LDL, P = 0.065）. No significant effects on the majority of the remaining biomarkers were found across the treatment groups. Conclusions We have confirmed that Ox-LDL could be a possible plasma atherosclerotic biomarker among the evaluated biomarkers, which reflected the synergetic effect of Cilostazol plus Probucol in patients with T2DM and ASO shown previously in preclinical studies.

Ki-67 as a prognostic marker according to breast cancer molecular subtype

Objective: Ki-67 plays an important function in cell division, but its exact role is still unknown. Moreover, few works regarding its overall function were published. The present study evaluated the clinical significance of Ki-67 index as a prognostic marker and predictor of recurrence in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. The relationship of Ki-67 index with different clinicopathological factors was also analyzed.Methods: Ki-67 index was measured in 107 cases of primary breast cancer from 2010-2012. These patients were evaluated for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2. Ki-67 was divided according to percentage levels: < 15% and > 15%. Followup ranged from 32 months up to 6 years.Results: Approximately 44, 23, 15, and 25 cases were grouped as luminal A, luminal B, HER2 subtype, and triple-negative(TN),respectively. No luminal A patients showed Ki-67 level higher than 15%, and their recurrence was 20%. In luminal B group, Ki-67 level higher than 15% was observed in 69% of patients, and recurrence was 39%. In HER2 subtype, Ki-67 was higher than 15% in34% of cases, and recurrence was 40%. In triple-negative cases, Ki-67 was higher than 15% in 60% of cases, and recurrence was detected in 32% of patients. Patients with Ki-67 less than 15% displayed better overall survival than those with Ki-67 higher than15%(P = 0.01). Patients with Ki-67 higher than 15% exhibited higher incidence of metastasis and recurrence than those with Ki-67 less than 15%(P = 0.000).Conclusions: Ki-67 may be considered as a valuable biomarker in breast cancer patients.

Development of Fatty Acid Biomarkers for the Identification of Wild and Aquacultured Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus)

In this study,the fatty acids(FAs) of the organs and tissues of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) were profiled in order to compare the FA composition of sea cucumber collected from natural habitat(wild) and cages(cultured).The differences in FA contents in dermomuscular tube,peripharyngeal annulus,gonad and intestine(with or without content) between the wild and the cultured were determined.The main fatty acids in all organs and tissues were 20:5n-3,16:1n-7,20:4n-6,22:6n-3,18:0,and 18:1n-7.The basically different FAs of body wall and digestive tube were 16:1n-7,18:1n-9 and 20:1n-11.The ratio of saturated to mono-and polyunsaturated FAs in digestive tube was independent on inside content while there was a redistribution of the total amount of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids.The comparison of FA composition of the wild and the cultured sea cucumber showed that 20:5n-3,16:1n-7 and 18:1n-7 predominated the wild while 20:4n-6 predominated the cultured.The content of branched-chain fatty acids in the wild was 3%–4% and about 9% in the cultured.The possible FAs for identifying the wild and the cultured sea cucumbers were selected.It was suggested that the indexes such as the ratio of either(n-3:n-6) to(n-7:n-6) or(n-3) +(n-7) to(n-6) may serve as the biomarkers distinguishing the wild and the cultured sea cucumber.

Clinical significance of"anti-HBc alone"in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients

AIM： TO determine the prevalence and clinical relevance of isolated antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen as the only marker of infection （“anti-HBc alone”） among human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） type-1 infected patients. Occult hepatitis B infection frequency was also evaluated. METHODS： Three hundred and forty eight histories from 2388 HIV-positive patients were randomly reviewed. Patients with serological markers of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection were classified into three groups： past hepatitis, ＂anti-HBc alone＂ and chronic hepatitis. Determination of DNA from HBV, and RNA and genotype from hepatitis C virus （HCV） were performed on ＂anti-HBc alone＂ patients. RESULTS： One hundred and eighty seven （53.7%） HIV-positive patients had markers of HBV infection： 118 past infection （63.1%）, 14 chronic hepatitis （7.5%） and 55 ＂anti-HBc alone＂ （29.4%）. Younger age [2.3-fold higher per every 10 years younger; 95% confidence intervals （Cl） 1.33-4.00] and antibodies to HCV infection [odds ratio （OR） 2.87; 95% CI 1.10-7.48] were factors independently associated with the ＂anti-HBc alone＂ pattern. No differences in liver disease frequency were detected between both groups. Serum levels of anti-HBs were not associated with HCV infection （nor viral replication or HCV genotype）, or with HIV replication or CD4 level. No ＂anti-HBc alone＂ patient tested positive for HBV DNA. CONCLUSION： ＂Anti-HBc alone＂ prevalence in HIM- positive patients was similar to previously reported data and was associated with a younger age and with antibodies to HCV infection. In clinical practice, HBV DNA determination should be performed only in those patients with clinical or analytical signs of liver injury,

N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as prognostic marker for patients of non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

In this work, we analyzed only the patients of the NSTEMI (non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) who arrived at the hospital within 12 h after symptoms started. Using NSTEMI follow-up data within, the characteristics of the clinical data, the risk factor, and the blood tested in the hospital visit were analyzed for MACE (major adverse cardiac events) patients. MACE includes cardiac death, MI (myocardial infarction), Re-PCI, and CABG (coronary artery bypass graft). As a result, from the NSTEMI patients which can be followed up for over 12 m, NT-ProBNP (p=0.014) and age (p=0.045) are found to be the independent risk factors related to MACE. Accordingly, they can be useful for the diagnosis and prognosis for NSTEMI patients as a biomarker.

A Serum Biomarker Model to Diagnose Pancreatic Cancer Using Proteomic Fingerprint Technology

OBJECTIVE To establish a serum protein pattern model for screening pancreatic cancer. METHODS Twenty-nine serum samples from patients with pancreatic cancer were collected before surgery, and an additional 57 serum samples from age and sex-matched individuals without cancer were used as controls. WCX magnetic beans and a PBS II-C protein chip reader （Ciphergen Biosystems Inc） were employed to detect the protein fingerprint expression of all serum samples. The resulting profiles comparing serum from cancer and normal patients were analyzed with the Biomarker Wizard system, to establish a model using the Biomarker Pattern system software. A double-blind test was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the model.RESULTS A group of 4 biomarkers （relative molecular weights were 5,705 Da, 4,935 Da, 5,318 Da, 3,243 Da） were selected to set up a decision tree to produce the classification model to effectively screen pancreatic cancer patients. The results yielded a sensitivity of 100% （20/20）, specificity of 97.4% （37/38）. The ROC curve was 99.7%. A double-blind test used to challenge the model resulted in a sensitivity of 88.9% and a specificity of 89.5%. CONCLUSION New serum biomarkers of pancreatic cancer have been identified. The pattern of combined markers provides a powerful and reliable diagnostic method for pancreatic cancer with high sensitivity and specificity.

Characterization of a novel rat cholangiocarcinoma cell culture model-CGCCA

AIM： TO characterize a culture model of rat CCA cells, which were derived from a transplantable TTA-induced CCA and designated as Chang Gung CCA （CGCCA）. METHODS： The CGCCA cells were cultured at in vitro passage 12 times on a culture dish in DMEM medium. To measure the doubling time, 103 cells were plated in a 96-well plate containing the growth medium. The cells were harvested 4 to 10 d after seeding, and a standard MTT assay was used to measure the growth. The phenotype of CACCA cell and xenograft was determined by immunohistochemical study. We also determine the chromosomal alterations of CGCCA, G-banding and spectral karyotyping studies were performed. The CGCCA cell line was transplanted into the nude mice for examining its tumorigenicity. 2-Deoxy-2-（18F）fluoro-D- glucose （FDG） autoradiography was also performed to evaluate the FDG uptake of the tumor xenograft. RESULTS： The doubling time for the CGCCA cell line was 32 h. After transplantation into nude mice, FDG autoradiography showed that the tumors formed at the cell transplantation site had a latency period of 4-6 wk with high FDG uptake excluding necrosis tissue. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining revealed prominent cytoplasmic expression of c-erb-B2, CK19, c-Met, COX-n, EGFR, MUC4, and a negative expression of K-ras. All data confirmed the phenotypic features of the CGCCA cell line coincide with the xenograft mice tumors, indicating cells containing the tumorigenicity of CCA originated from CCA. In addition, karyotypic band- ing analysis showed that the diploid （2n） cell status combines with ring and giant rod marker chromosomes in these clones; either both types simultaneously appeared or only one type of marker chromosome in a pair appeared in a cell. The major materials contained in the marker chromosome were primarily identified from chromosome 4. CONCLUSION： The current CGCCA cell line may be used as a non-K-ras effect CCA model and to obtain information and reveal novel pathways for CCA. Further applications regarding tumor markers or therapeutic targeting of CCA should be addressed accordingly.

Building a Tree Adjusted Logistic Classification Model in Biomarker Data Analyses

Researchers in bioinformatics, biostatistics and other related fields seek biomarkers for many purposes, including risk assessment, disease diagnosis and prognosis, which can be formulated as a patient classification. In this paper, a new method of using a tree regression to improve logistic classification model is introduced in biomarker data analysis. The numerical results show that the linear logistic model can be significantly improved by a tree regression on the residuals. Although the classification problem of binary responses is discussed in this research, the idea is easy to extend to the classification of multinomial responses.

四平市建筑设计院

四平市建筑设计院始建于1984年。20多年来,设计院由小到大,由弱到强,从一个小型单一、连年亏损、濒临倒闭的设计院发展成为集建筑设计、工程监理、工程咨询、招标代理、施工图审查。

四平市建筑设计院先进人物事迹 巾帼风采——记吉林省第二届创业先锋王玉芝

伴随着吉林省勘察设计协会成立20周年,四平市建筑设计院也走过了20多年的风雨历程。20多年来,四平市建筑设计院从一个家庭作坊式的小小设计室,发展成为一个人才济济、设备精良、门类齐全。

抚今追昔话变迁——见证原四平市建筑设计院20年发展变化

在吉林省勘察设计协会成立20周年之际,作为从事建筑工程设计的一名老兵,我亲身经历和亲眼目睹了四平市建筑设计院的发展和四平市城市面貌的变化.感慨万千。我们四平市建筑设计院始建于1984年,20多年来,设计院发生了翻天覆地的变化。

α-2-HS-glycoprotein is a potential marker predicting hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B during treatment with pegylated interferon alfa-2b

The efficacy of interferon (IFN) is limited in about 1/3 of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We used two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE)-based proteomic strategies to identify potential serum markers predicting hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion in these patients during IFN therapy. Two groups of patients were enrolled: training and validation. In the training group, 2-DE experiments and subsequent identification of altered levels of proteins showed that α-2-HS-glycoprotein, leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein, and haptoglobin were significantly upregulated as compared with baseline levels in the HBeAg seroconversion group, whereas apolipoprotein C-III precursor, leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein, and α-albumin were downregulated in the non-seroconversion group. For patients with HBeAg seroconversion in the training group, Western blot analyses showed that α-2-HS-glycoprotein levels in 75% of patients were significantly upregulated at the end of the treatment as compared with baseline levels. Subsequent experiments in the validation group showed that α-2-HS-glycoprotein levels were significantly increased at week 4 in 83.33% of patients in the HBeAg seroconversion group. Dynamic changes in the serum level of α-2-HS-glycoprotein may be a potential early marker for predicting HBeAg seroconversion during IFN treatment for CHB.

Cardinal roles of miRNA in cardiac development and disease

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that are emerging as pivotal modulators in virtually all aspects of cardiac biology,from cardiac development to cardiomyocyte survival and hypertrophy.The miRNA profiling,following gain-and loss-of-function studies using in vitro and in vivo models,has identified wide-ranging functions for miRNAs in the heart,providing new perspectives on their contributions to cardiac pathogenesis,and revealing potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers.This review summarizes current progress in regulation of miRNAs in heart development and disease.

Dynamic optimal strategy for monitoring disease recurrence

Surveillance to detect cancer recurrence is an important part of care for cancer survivors.In this paper we discuss the design of optimal strategies for early detection of disease recurrence based on each patient's distinct biomarker trajectory and periodically updated risk estimated in the setting of a prospective cohort study.We adopt a latent class joint model which considers a longitudinal biomarker process and an event process jointly,to address heterogeneity of patients and disease,to discover distinct biomarker trajectory patterns,to classify patients into different risk groups,and to predict the risk of disease recurrence.The model is used to develop a monitoring strategy that dynamically modifies the monitoring intervals according to patients' current risk derived from periodically updated biomarker measurements and other indicators of disease spread.The optimal biomarker assessment time is derived using a utility function.We develop an algorithm to apply the proposed strategy to monitoring of new patients after initial treatment.We illustrate the models and the derivation of the optimal strategy using simulated data from monitoring prostate cancer recurrence over a 5-year period.

A generative model of identifying informative proteins from dynamic PPI networks

Informative proteins are the proteins that play critical functional roles inside cells.They are the fundamental knowledge of translating bioinformatics into clinical practices.Many methods of identifying informative biomarkers have been developed which are heuristic and arbitrary,without considering the dynamics characteristics of biological processes.In this paper,we present a generative model of identifying the informative proteins by systematically analyzing the topological variety of dynamic protein-protein interaction networks(PPINs).In this model,the common representation of multiple PPINs is learned using a deep feature generation model,based on which the original PPINs are rebuilt and the reconstruction errors are analyzed to locate the informative proteins.Experiments were implemented on data of yeast cell cycles and different prostate cancer stages.We analyze the effectiveness of reconstruction by comparing different methods,and the ranking results of informative proteins were also compared with the results from the baseline methods.Our method is able to reveal the critical members in the dynamic progresses which can be further studied to testify the possibilities for biomarker research.