In order to determine an appropriate sampling strategy for the effective conservation of wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.) in China, a natural population from Jiangwan Airport in Shanghai was studied for its ...In order to determine an appropriate sampling strategy for the effective conservation of wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.) in China, a natural population from Jiangwan Airport in Shanghai was studied for its genetic diversity through the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker analysis of a sample set consisting of 100 randomly collected individuals. A relatively large genetic diversity was detected among the samples based on estimation of DNA products amplified from 15 selected ISSR primers, with the similarity coefficient varying from 0.17 to 0.89. The mean expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.171 4 per locus, and Shannon index (1) was 0.271 4. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA) further indicated that genetic diversity of the Jiangwan wild soybean population was not evenly distributed, instead, was presented by a mosaic or clustered distribution pattern. Correlation study between genetic diversity and number of samples demonstrated that genetic diversity increased dramatically with the increase of number of samples within 40 individuals, but the increase became slow and rapidly reached a plateau when more than 40 individuals were included in the analysis. It is concluded that (i) a sample set of approximately 35-45 individuals should be included to represent possibly high genetic diversity when conservation of a wild soybean population ex situ is undertaken; and (ii) collection of wild soybean samples should be spread out as wide as possible within a population, and a certain distance should be kept as intervals among individuals for sampling.展开更多
Discourse markers(DMs) are characterized by multifunctionality in different contexts.This study addressed the use of the Chinese DM,na(那),as a solution to topical divergence,during clinical interactions with right-he...Discourse markers(DMs) are characterized by multifunctionality in different contexts.This study addressed the use of the Chinese DM,na(那),as a solution to topical divergence,during clinical interactions with right-hemisphere-damaged(RHD) patients.Drawing on data collected from clinical interviews between psychotherapists and RHD patients,this study examined the functions of na in response to RHD topical divergence,focusing on the topic and attitudinal aspects.It was found that na was mainly employed by psychotherapists to mark a reproffer of interview topics(i.e.,an attempt to return to earlier topics),and a display of disalignment and disaffiliation with RHD topical divergence.These functions of na reflect the psychotherapists’ attempts to overcome communicative problems arising from RHD topical divergence,so as to ensure the achievement of the communicative goal.Thus,na can be interpreted as a compensatory strategy for dealing with RHD topical divergence on an interpersonal level.These findings not only expand our knowledge about the function spectrum of na,but also offer insights for RHD patients’ interlocutors to enhance conversational communication with RHD patients via the compensatory strategy.展开更多
为使AP算法对图像进行聚类时充分考虑不同尺度的特征及有效利用未标记数据的特征,提出了结合特征金字塔网络的半监督AP聚类算法(Semi-supervised AP clustering Based on Feature Pyramid Networks, FPNSAP)。FPNSAP算法使用改进的特征...为使AP算法对图像进行聚类时充分考虑不同尺度的特征及有效利用未标记数据的特征,提出了结合特征金字塔网络的半监督AP聚类算法(Semi-supervised AP clustering Based on Feature Pyramid Networks, FPNSAP)。FPNSAP算法使用改进的特征金字塔网络来获得图像不同尺度的特征图,对不同大小的特征图进行融合,获得图像的高级语义特征,识别不同大小、不同实例的目标;k近邻标记更新策略可以动态增加标记数据集样本数量,充分利用未标记数据的特征,提高AP算法的聚类性能。FPNSAP算法与四个经典算法(FCH、SAP、DCN和DFCM)在Fashion-MNIST、YaleB和CIFAR-10数据集上进行实验对比,结果表明,FPNSAP算法具有较高的聚类性能,同时算法的鲁棒性更好。展开更多
Interpretation, either consecutive or simultaneous, demands more advanced linguistic skills as well as higher cognitive strategies than translation. This paper investigates the characteristics of the notes taken by st...Interpretation, either consecutive or simultaneous, demands more advanced linguistic skills as well as higher cognitive strategies than translation. This paper investigates the characteristics of the notes taken by student interpreters in relation to the output and the process of interpretation with the purpsoe of identifying the role of note-taking in the process of interpretation, its relations with the production quality, and the factors that constrain the development of the students＇ potential as future interpreters. Statistical and qualitative analysis of the notes and think-aloud protocol reveals that students majoring in English should further improve their overall English proficiency. Note-taking, either in source language or target language, or both, should be practiced until students are able to use it expertly. Inspite of the importance of note-taking in interpretation, students should be trained to rely more on memory rather than solely on the notes.展开更多
文摘In order to determine an appropriate sampling strategy for the effective conservation of wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.) in China, a natural population from Jiangwan Airport in Shanghai was studied for its genetic diversity through the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker analysis of a sample set consisting of 100 randomly collected individuals. A relatively large genetic diversity was detected among the samples based on estimation of DNA products amplified from 15 selected ISSR primers, with the similarity coefficient varying from 0.17 to 0.89. The mean expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.171 4 per locus, and Shannon index (1) was 0.271 4. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA) further indicated that genetic diversity of the Jiangwan wild soybean population was not evenly distributed, instead, was presented by a mosaic or clustered distribution pattern. Correlation study between genetic diversity and number of samples demonstrated that genetic diversity increased dramatically with the increase of number of samples within 40 individuals, but the increase became slow and rapidly reached a plateau when more than 40 individuals were included in the analysis. It is concluded that (i) a sample set of approximately 35-45 individuals should be included to represent possibly high genetic diversity when conservation of a wild soybean population ex situ is undertaken; and (ii) collection of wild soybean samples should be spread out as wide as possible within a population, and a certain distance should be kept as intervals among individuals for sampling.
基金This study is supported by the following projects:the Chinese Ministry of Education(MOE)Humanities and Social Science Research Funding(18YJC740042)the Research Project of Guangdong Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science(GD16CWW05)+1 种基金the MOE Key Research Project of Humanities and Social Science(16JJD740006)conducted by the Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics(CLAL),Guangdong University of Foreign Studies(GDUFS)supported by both the Department of Education of Guangdong Province and the Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,P.R.China for the frontier research and its theoretical innovations in interpersonal pragmatics(“人际语用学前沿研究与理论创新”项目)(2018WZDXM006).
文摘Discourse markers(DMs) are characterized by multifunctionality in different contexts.This study addressed the use of the Chinese DM,na(那),as a solution to topical divergence,during clinical interactions with right-hemisphere-damaged(RHD) patients.Drawing on data collected from clinical interviews between psychotherapists and RHD patients,this study examined the functions of na in response to RHD topical divergence,focusing on the topic and attitudinal aspects.It was found that na was mainly employed by psychotherapists to mark a reproffer of interview topics(i.e.,an attempt to return to earlier topics),and a display of disalignment and disaffiliation with RHD topical divergence.These functions of na reflect the psychotherapists’ attempts to overcome communicative problems arising from RHD topical divergence,so as to ensure the achievement of the communicative goal.Thus,na can be interpreted as a compensatory strategy for dealing with RHD topical divergence on an interpersonal level.These findings not only expand our knowledge about the function spectrum of na,but also offer insights for RHD patients’ interlocutors to enhance conversational communication with RHD patients via the compensatory strategy.
文摘为使AP算法对图像进行聚类时充分考虑不同尺度的特征及有效利用未标记数据的特征,提出了结合特征金字塔网络的半监督AP聚类算法(Semi-supervised AP clustering Based on Feature Pyramid Networks, FPNSAP)。FPNSAP算法使用改进的特征金字塔网络来获得图像不同尺度的特征图,对不同大小的特征图进行融合,获得图像的高级语义特征,识别不同大小、不同实例的目标;k近邻标记更新策略可以动态增加标记数据集样本数量,充分利用未标记数据的特征,提高AP算法的聚类性能。FPNSAP算法与四个经典算法(FCH、SAP、DCN和DFCM)在Fashion-MNIST、YaleB和CIFAR-10数据集上进行实验对比,结果表明,FPNSAP算法具有较高的聚类性能,同时算法的鲁棒性更好。
文摘Interpretation, either consecutive or simultaneous, demands more advanced linguistic skills as well as higher cognitive strategies than translation. This paper investigates the characteristics of the notes taken by student interpreters in relation to the output and the process of interpretation with the purpsoe of identifying the role of note-taking in the process of interpretation, its relations with the production quality, and the factors that constrain the development of the students＇ potential as future interpreters. Statistical and qualitative analysis of the notes and think-aloud protocol reveals that students majoring in English should further improve their overall English proficiency. Note-taking, either in source language or target language, or both, should be practiced until students are able to use it expertly. Inspite of the importance of note-taking in interpretation, students should be trained to rely more on memory rather than solely on the notes.
