Tumor markers have been of vital importance in cancer diagnosis, treatment and monitoring. However, the sensitivity of current tumor markers for early diagnosis is low, reducing the clinical usefulness of tumor marker...Tumor markers have been of vital importance in cancer diagnosis, treatment and monitoring. However, the sensitivity of current tumor markers for early diagnosis is low, reducing the clinical usefulness of tumor markers. Quantum dots are new fluorescent nanoparticles with unique photophysical and chemical properties, thus having a great potential impact on the investigation of cancer pathogenesis, early diagnosis, targeted therapy, prognosis and monitoring, when combined with tumor markers. The current research is focused on the detection of specific tumor markers or molecules based on tangible carriers such as ceils and tissues. One of the most promising clinical applications would be to explore the potential of this highly sensitive labeling technique for the detecting and imagining tumor markers in serum and other body fluids, where some progresses have already been made recently. How to detect early cancer based solely on invisible carders would be the next step of quantum dots bio-probes in clinical use, so as to develop a new detection technique with greater sensitivity, specificity, rapidity and availability.展开更多
The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making ide...The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making identification difficult. In this study, species-specific rRNA probes were designed for whole-cell fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to distinguish A. minutum from two phylogenetic clades. We acquired the complete SSU to LSU rDNA sequences (GenBank accession numbers JF906989-JF906999) of 11 Alexandrium strains and used these to design rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. Three ribotype-specific probes, M-GC-1, M-PC-2, and M-PC-3, were designed. The former is specific for the GC clade ("Global clade") of A. minutum, the majority of which have been found non-toxic, and the latter two are specific for the PSP (paralytic shellfish poisoning)-producing PC clade ("Pacific clade"). The specificity of these three probes was confirmed by FISH. All cells in observed fields of view were fluorescently labeled when probes and target species were incubated under optimized FISH conditions. However, the accessibility of rRNA molecules in ribosomes varied among the probe binding positions. Thus, there was variation in the distribution of positive signals in labeled cells within nucleolus and cytosol (M-GC-1, M-PC-3), or just nucleolus (M-PC-2). Our results provide a methodological basis for studying the biogeography and population dynamics of A. minutum, and providing an early warning of toxic HABs.展开更多
In China,the market share of a rice cultivar is mainly determined by its yield and quality.Yuzhenxiang is a high-quality variety with extra-slender grain shape,good quality and unique aroma.In order to investigate its...In China,the market share of a rice cultivar is mainly determined by its yield and quality.Yuzhenxiang is a high-quality variety with extra-slender grain shape,good quality and unique aroma.In order to investigate its genetic background,12 pairs of functional markers were used to detect the genotype distribution of eight major grain shape genes including GS3,GW5,GS6,GW6a,GL7/GW7,GLW7,GW8,GS9,one amylase gene Wx and one aroma gene BADH2 in Yuzhenxiang by using Nipponbare,9311,Huazhan,Zhonghui 8015 and Zhonghui 9308 as controls.The results indicated that the slender grain type of Yuzhenxiang was probably affected by GS3 and GL7/GW7 with the positive co-regulation of multiple grain shape genes,and its outstanding rice quality may be resulted from the cumulative effects of GLW7,GW8 and Wx genotypes,while its unique aroma may be mainly regulated by BADH2-E7 deletion.展开更多
基金the grants from the New-Century Excellent Talents Sup-porting Program of the Ministry of Education of China (No. NCET-04-0669)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dis-sertation of China (No. 200464)+2 种基金the Wuhan Innovation Study Project (No. 20066002054)the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20675058)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups (No. 20621502), NSFC.
文摘Tumor markers have been of vital importance in cancer diagnosis, treatment and monitoring. However, the sensitivity of current tumor markers for early diagnosis is low, reducing the clinical usefulness of tumor markers. Quantum dots are new fluorescent nanoparticles with unique photophysical and chemical properties, thus having a great potential impact on the investigation of cancer pathogenesis, early diagnosis, targeted therapy, prognosis and monitoring, when combined with tumor markers. The current research is focused on the detection of specific tumor markers or molecules based on tangible carriers such as ceils and tissues. One of the most promising clinical applications would be to explore the potential of this highly sensitive labeling technique for the detecting and imagining tumor markers in serum and other body fluids, where some progresses have already been made recently. How to detect early cancer based solely on invisible carders would be the next step of quantum dots bio-probes in clinical use, so as to develop a new detection technique with greater sensitivity, specificity, rapidity and availability.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41006082)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.20090461272)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Creative Research Groups(No.40821004)
文摘The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making identification difficult. In this study, species-specific rRNA probes were designed for whole-cell fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to distinguish A. minutum from two phylogenetic clades. We acquired the complete SSU to LSU rDNA sequences (GenBank accession numbers JF906989-JF906999) of 11 Alexandrium strains and used these to design rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. Three ribotype-specific probes, M-GC-1, M-PC-2, and M-PC-3, were designed. The former is specific for the GC clade ("Global clade") of A. minutum, the majority of which have been found non-toxic, and the latter two are specific for the PSP (paralytic shellfish poisoning)-producing PC clade ("Pacific clade"). The specificity of these three probes was confirmed by FISH. All cells in observed fields of view were fluorescently labeled when probes and target species were incubated under optimized FISH conditions. However, the accessibility of rRNA molecules in ribosomes varied among the probe binding positions. Thus, there was variation in the distribution of positive signals in labeled cells within nucleolus and cytosol (M-GC-1, M-PC-3), or just nucleolus (M-PC-2). Our results provide a methodological basis for studying the biogeography and population dynamics of A. minutum, and providing an early warning of toxic HABs.
文摘In China,the market share of a rice cultivar is mainly determined by its yield and quality.Yuzhenxiang is a high-quality variety with extra-slender grain shape,good quality and unique aroma.In order to investigate its genetic background,12 pairs of functional markers were used to detect the genotype distribution of eight major grain shape genes including GS3,GW5,GS6,GW6a,GL7/GW7,GLW7,GW8,GS9,one amylase gene Wx and one aroma gene BADH2 in Yuzhenxiang by using Nipponbare,9311,Huazhan,Zhonghui 8015 and Zhonghui 9308 as controls.The results indicated that the slender grain type of Yuzhenxiang was probably affected by GS3 and GL7/GW7 with the positive co-regulation of multiple grain shape genes,and its outstanding rice quality may be resulted from the cumulative effects of GLW7,GW8 and Wx genotypes,while its unique aroma may be mainly regulated by BADH2-E7 deletion.
