In this paper, we use the metric coefficients and the equation of motion obtained in the second post- Newtonian approximation of scalar-tensor theory to derive the second-order light propagation equation and the light...In this paper, we use the metric coefficients and the equation of motion obtained in the second post- Newtonian approximation of scalar-tensor theory to derive the second-order light propagation equation and the light deflection angle and compare it with previous works. These results are useful for precision astrometry missions like ASTROD, GALA, Darwin and SIM which aim at astrometry with micro-arcsecond and nano-aresecond accuracies, and need for the second post-Newtonian framework and ephemeris for observations to determine the stellar and spacecraft positions.展开更多
As a continuing investigation of an earlier work that establishes the cofiinear solutions to the three-body problem with general masses under a scalar-tensor theory, we study these solutions and prove their uniqueness...As a continuing investigation of an earlier work that establishes the cofiinear solutions to the three-body problem with general masses under a scalar-tensor theory, we study these solutions and prove their uniqueness up to the first order post-Newtonian approximation. With the help of observed bounds on the scalar field in the Solar System, we show that the seventh-order polynomial equation determining the distance ratio among the three masses has either one or three positive roots. However, in the case with three positive roots, it is found that two positive roots break down the slow-motion condition for the post-Newtonian approximation so that only one positive root is physically valid. The resulting uniqueness suggests that the locations of the three masses are very close to their Newtonian positions with post-Newtonian corrections of general relativity and the scalar field. We also prove that, in the framework of the scalar-tensor theory, the angular velocity of the collinear configuration is always less than the Newtonian one when all other parameters are fixed. These results are valid only for three-body systems where upper-bounds on the scalar field are compatible with those of the Solar System.展开更多
With the usual definitions for the entropy and the temperature associated with the apparent horizon, we discuss the first law of the thermodynamics on the apparent in the general scalar-tensor theory of gravity with t...With the usual definitions for the entropy and the temperature associated with the apparent horizon, we discuss the first law of the thermodynamics on the apparent in the general scalar-tensor theory of gravity with the kinetic term of the scalar field nonminimally coupling to Einstein tensor. We show the equivalence between the first law of thermodynamics on the apparent horizon and Friedmann equation for the general models, by using a mass-like function which is equal to the Misner-Sharp mass on the apparent horizon. The results further support the universal relationship between the first law of thermodynamics and Friedmann equation.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10875171
文摘In this paper, we use the metric coefficients and the equation of motion obtained in the second post- Newtonian approximation of scalar-tensor theory to derive the second-order light propagation equation and the light deflection angle and compare it with previous works. These results are useful for precision astrometry missions like ASTROD, GALA, Darwin and SIM which aim at astrometry with micro-arcsecond and nano-aresecond accuracies, and need for the second post-Newtonian framework and ephemeris for observations to determine the stellar and spacecraft positions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11573015 and J1210039the Innovation Training Project for Undergraduates of Nanjing University,China
文摘As a continuing investigation of an earlier work that establishes the cofiinear solutions to the three-body problem with general masses under a scalar-tensor theory, we study these solutions and prove their uniqueness up to the first order post-Newtonian approximation. With the help of observed bounds on the scalar field in the Solar System, we show that the seventh-order polynomial equation determining the distance ratio among the three masses has either one or three positive roots. However, in the case with three positive roots, it is found that two positive roots break down the slow-motion condition for the post-Newtonian approximation so that only one positive root is physically valid. The resulting uniqueness suggests that the locations of the three masses are very close to their Newtonian positions with post-Newtonian corrections of general relativity and the scalar field. We also prove that, in the framework of the scalar-tensor theory, the angular velocity of the collinear configuration is always less than the Newtonian one when all other parameters are fixed. These results are valid only for three-body systems where upper-bounds on the scalar field are compatible with those of the Solar System.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11175270 and 11475065)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-12-0205)
文摘With the usual definitions for the entropy and the temperature associated with the apparent horizon, we discuss the first law of the thermodynamics on the apparent in the general scalar-tensor theory of gravity with the kinetic term of the scalar field nonminimally coupling to Einstein tensor. We show the equivalence between the first law of thermodynamics on the apparent horizon and Friedmann equation for the general models, by using a mass-like function which is equal to the Misner-Sharp mass on the apparent horizon. The results further support the universal relationship between the first law of thermodynamics and Friedmann equation.
