数控设备液压气动机构故障树实例诊断及处理

数控设备在国内很多工程项目中都有着非常广泛的应用,并且在实际应用过程中也都取得了良好的成效,但是这些数控设备依然会出现一些故障问题,如换刀故障、换挡故障、工作台故障等等,针对这些故障问题,相关工作人员也借助故障树的诊断方式制定了相应的处理措施。

故障树分析处理法在DAM10kW发射机中的应用

本文利用故障树分析法重点分析DAM10 kW数字调幅中波广播发射机在应用时的一些优势和缺点,并提出了一点粗浅的建议,以供参考。

全省机械采茶暨茶树嫁接换种技术——现场会情况通报

由省茶叶学会牵头,广东省农业厅经作处、省华侨办农场处、省监狱管理局农业处、省茶叶科研所、省茶叶学会、华南农大茶学专业等单位共同举办的全省机械采茶暨茶树嫁接换种技术现场会,于9月21日至23日,在潮州市和普宁华侨农场召开,参加会议代表54人,会议分段召开。

Effects of Shading Treatments on Growth of Asimina triloba(L.) Dunal Seedlings

[Objective]The study was conducted to investigate the effects of shading treatments on growth of Asimina triloba （L） Dunal seedlings and provided the theoretical basis for seedling production. [Method]70 day-old A. triloba seedlings had similar stem diameter and plant height and good growth vigour were taken as tested materials in 2005. 4 light gradient treatments which were the natural light with 100% light intensity, one-layer, two-layer and three-layer black shading network with the light transmittance rate of 50%, 25% and 12.5% were set up to study the effects of different shading treatments on growth of A. triloba. [ Result] With the shading treatments of one-layer and two-layer net, the plants of A. triloba seedlings grew rapidly. As the intensity of illumination decreased, the cetents of chlorophyll a （ Chl. a）, chlorophyll b （ Chl. b） and total chlorophyll increased at first and then reduced. At the same time the chlorophyll a/b value became smaller. Under natural light, the plants tended to consume more water and the soil temperature at 15：00 p. m was higher. There was a smaller difference among various treatments. [ Conclusion]The suitable shading treatment to the growth of A. triloba seedlings was under the light transmittance rate of 50% and height and stem diameter of trees increased fast. Chlorophyll a （ Chl. a）, chlorophyll b （ Chl. b） content in leaves of A. triloba seedlings were highest comparing with those in other conditions.

Effects of heat treatment temperature on oxidation behavior of glass-like carbon derived from acetone-furfural resin

Glass-like carbons （GCs） were prepared by carbonization of acetone-furfural resin in nitrogen atmosphere at 850℃, followed by heat treatment over a range of 1 200-2 500℃in inert atmosphere. The effect of heat treatment temperature （HTT） on the oxidation behavior was investigated by dynamic and isothermal thermogravimetric analyses. The structure of GC was examined by X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and the morphologies of GC before and after oxidation were examined by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. It is shown that the GC samples present peculiar oxidation behavior. The anti-oxidation behavior increases with increasing the HTT to 1 600 ℃, whereas decreases gradually thereafter. GC sample heat treated at 1 600℃ obtains relatively optimal anti-oxidation properties under this condition. During the oxidation, this material produces grid network matrix surface and numerous nodular residues on the surface, resulting in excellent resistance to the attack of oxygen atoms.

基于批处理先验知识树的自主代客泊车路径规划

针对室内结构化场景的自主代客泊车路径规划问题,基于批处理先验知识树(BIT*)算法和滚动优化思想提出一种自主代客泊车路径规划方法.首先,基于BIT*算法规划全局自主代客泊车路径,并采用数组实现影响BIT*算法搜索效率的树节点优先队列和树边优先队列,提高全局自主代客泊车路径规划效率.然后,基于滚动优化思想和圆弧-直线组合方法规划满足汽车运动学约束和避障约束的局部自主代客泊车路径,基于滚动优化思想规划的局部自主代客泊车路径可以将汽车引导到泊车位附近,而基于圆弧-直线组合方法规划的局部自主代客泊车路径可以使汽车安全驶入泊车位.最后,仿真验证所提出的自主代客泊车路径规划方法的可行性和有效性,结果表明:相对于基于传统快速扩展随机数(RRT)算法的自主代客泊车路径规划方法,提出的方法搜索效率更高,并且规划的自主代客泊车路径满足汽车运动学约束和避障约束.

Effect of pre-sowing treatments on germination and initial seedling development of Albizia saman in the nursery

Albizia saman （Jacq.） F. Muell. commonly known as rain tree seeds were treated with five pre-sowing treatments to study the effect of pre-sowing treatments on germination and initial seedling development in the nursery.The experiment was established in the nursery of the Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences.University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Results revealed that Nail clipping in one side of the seed （at the distal end of the seed） （T4） provides the highest （50%） seed germination. The second highest germination （42%） was obtained for the seeds treated with immersion in cold water for 24 h （T1）. Germination was completely inhibited when the seeds immersed in boiled water for 30 s followed in cold water soaking for 24 h. Other germination parameter and initial morphological growth and biomass production of the seedlings was also higher for the treatments T4and Ti in comparison to the control （Ta）treatment. Pre-sowing treatments of T4 e.g. Nail clipping in one side of the seed （at the distal end of the seed） and T1 （Seeds immersed in cold water for 24 h） may be recommended for maximum germination and initial vigorous seedlings growth of Albizia sarnan in the nursery.

基于偏置采样和包围优化的移动机器人路径规划方法

批处理知情搜索树(batch informed trees,BIT*)作为一种先进的采样规划方法通常被应用于移动机器人的路径规划.针对BIT*在初始路径获得后存在路径代价降低速度不快、规划效率有待提高的问题,提出了一种基于偏置采样和包围优化的BIT*(wrapping-based biased BIT*,WB-BIT*)方法.该方法首先通过批量采样进行节点和连接的扩展,在获得可行路径后,利用包围优化策略从目标点到起始点逐步使路径靠近至障碍物周围,快速减少现有可行路径的长度.同时,根据可行路径上的路径点计算启发式函数以构建偏置采样区域,结合偏置采样和知情集采样,在保证均匀性的前提下有效运用现有路径信息,提高方法的规划效率.最后,将所提出的WB-BIT*方法与主流采样路径规划方法进行仿真实验对比,结果表明所提出的路径规划方法具备更高的规划效率.

Removal of 5-Amino-2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic and Chlorhydric Acids from Wastewater by Weakly Basic Resin

This research deals with an investigation of the adsorption of two acids, namely, 5-amino- 2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic and chlorhydric acids from their solution onto weakly basic resin. The screening of res-ins, kinetics, and isotherm were studied. The results indicate that the D301R is more appropriate for the removal of acids from solution. The adsorption of acids obeys Langmuir isotherm and the first-order kinetics model. Sorptive affinity of the two acids on D301R was found to be in the order of 5-amino-2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic acid> chlorhydric acid. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of acids were calculated and discussed. The maxi-mum removal of acids was observed around 97% and 76% at 25℃ for 5-amino-2-chlorotoluene-4-sulfonic acid and chlorhydric acid , respectively.

Curing mechanism of TDE-85/MeTHPA epoxy resin modified by polyurethane

Diglycidyl 4,5-epoxy tetrahydro phthalate/methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride （TDE-85/MeTHPA） epoxy resin modified by polyurethane （PU） was prepared with 1,4-butanediol （1,4-BDO）, trimethylol propane （TMP） and polyurethane prepolymer synthesized by polypropylene glycol and toluene diisocynate. Chemical reaction and curing mechanism of this system were discussed by incorporating the results of infra spectrum analysis. The results indicate that the epoxy polymeric network I is obtained by the curing reaction between TDE-85 and MeTHPA, while the PU polymeric network II is obtained by the chain-extended and crosslinking reaction between 1,4-BDO, TMP and polyurethane prepolymer（PUP）. The graft chemical bonds are formed between polymer networks I and II that therefore increase the degree of blend and compatibility between epoxy polymer and PU.

Surface adhesive properties of continuous PBO fiber after air-plasma-grafting-epoxy treatment

It was found that air dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma contributed to the grafting of epoxy resin onto continuous PBO fiber surface. This air-plasma-grafting-epoxy method yielded a noticeable enhancement in the interfacial adhesion between PBO fiber and thermoplastic matrix resin, with the interlaminar shear strength of the resulting composites increased by 66.7%. DSC and FTIR analyses were then used to study the curing behavior of epoxy coating on PBO fiber surface, deduce the possible grafting reactions and investigate the grafting mechanism. More importantly, TGA measurement showed that the grafting of epoxy onto PBO fiber had almost no effect on the composite heat resistance, and there was more thermoplastic matrix resin adhering to the fiber surface; the latter could also be clearly found in the SEM photos. Thereby, the air-plasma-grafting-epoxy treatment was proved to be an effective method for the improvement of continuous PBO fiber surface adhesive properties.

Edge detection based on object tree image representation and wavelet transform

In applications such as image retrieval and recognition, precise edge detection for interested regions plays a decisive role. Existing methods generally take little care about local characteristics, or become time consuming if every detail is considered. In the paper, a new method is put forward based on the combination of effective image representation and multiscale wavelet analysis. A new object tree image representation is introduced. Then a series of object trees are constructed based on wavelet transform modulus maxima at different scales in descending order. Computation is only needed for interested regions. Implementation steps are also given with an illustrative example.

A new configuration of membrane stack for retrieval of nickel absorbed in resins

A new configuration integrated ion exchange effect with both electro-migration and electrochemical reaction in a single cell was developed to effectively retrieve metal ions from simulated wastewater using ion exchange resins without additive chemicals. By simply assembling cation exchange resins and anion exchange resins separated by homogeneous membranes, we found that the system will always be acidic in the concentrate compartment so that ion exchange resins could be in-situ regenerated without hydroxide precipitation. Such a realizable design will be really suitable for wastewater purification.

Application of shortened heat treatment cycles on A356 automotive brake calipers with respective globular and dendritic microstructures

Since the automotive industry has many possible applications for semi-solid metal (SSM)-high-pressure die casting (HPDC) parts, the newly developed heat treatment cycles, as well as the traditional heat treatment cycles, were applied to A356 brake calipers cast using a LK DCC630 HPDC machine.Vickers hardness measurements at a cross section of the brake calipers were performed, indicating that similar values can be obtained when using the significantly shorter heat treatment cycles.Finally, the typical tensile properties that can be obtained for SSM-HPDC A356 brake calipers are compared with those manufactured by gravity die casting.Results indicate that the differences in microstructures (globular or dendritic) do not have a noteworthy effect on the heat treatment response.This implies that the short heat treatment cycles originally developed for globular SSM-HPDC A356 castings can be successfully applied to dendritic liquid A356 castings too.

Effect of Sustained Deficit Irrigation on Stem Water Potential of Navel Oranges in Jordan Valley

Research was conducted to find the relationship between deficit irrigation treatments （DIT） and stems water potential. The study was conducted on 14 years old navel orange trees grafted on sour oranges for the growing season 2006/2007 at a private farm in the Northern part of Jordan Valley （latitude： 32° 50′ N, longitude： 32° 50′ E, altitude： -254 m）. Three levels of irrigation treatments （IT） were applied; namely 100%, 75% and 50% of reference evapotranspiration, representing over irrigation （OIT）, full irrigation （FIT）, and deficit irrigation （DIT）, respectively. A drip irrigation using one irrigation source line with drippers spaced 0.5 m having average discharge of 2.3 L/hr at pressure 1.5 bar, was used. Stem water potential （SWP） at 100% over irrigation treatment （OIT） of navel orange trees had less negative value during the irrigation seasons （-1.57 MPa）, whereas the highest negative value （-2.17 MPa） occurred at 50% deficit irrigation treatment （DIT）.

基于改进BIT*的机器人的全局路径规划

针对传统批处理通知树(batch informed trees, BIT*)算法在初次采样得到的规划路径过长,使得最终路径规划效率不高的问题,提出一种均匀随机采样算法用于算法初始采样点的生成。实验结果表明,均匀随机采样对于复杂有序地图和复杂无序地图进行采样均能在保留随机性的同时,拥有比随机采样更高的离散性。因此基于均匀随机采样改进的BIT*相比于快速探索随机树(rapid exploring random tree star,RRT*)RRT*和传统BIT*,无论是对于复杂有序地图,还是复杂无序地图进行全局路径规划均能提高路径规划的效率和稳定性,在较短的时间内找到一条优秀的路径。

Document Clustering Based on Constructing Density Tree

This paper focuses on document clustering by clustering algorithm based on a DEnsityTree (CABDET) to improve the accuracy of clustering. The CABDET method constructs a density-based treestructure for every potential cluster by dynamically adjusting the radius of neighborhood according to local density. It avoids density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) ′s global density parameters and reduces input parameters to one. The results of experiment on real document show that CABDET achieves better accuracy of clustering than DBSCAN method. The CABDET algorithm obtains the max F-measure value 0.347 with the root node's radius of neighborhood 0.80, which is higher than 0.332 of DBSCAN with the radius of neighborhood 0.65 and the minimum number of objects 6.

Adsorption of Pb^(2+) on macroporous weak acid adsorbent resin from aqueous solutions: Batch and column studies

The adsorption properties of a novel macroporous weak acid resin （D152） for Pb^2＋ were investigated with chemical methods. The optimal adsorption condition of D152 resin for Pb^2＋ is at pH 6.00 in HAc-NaAc medium. The statically saturated adsorption capacity is 527 mg/g at 298 K. Pb^2＋ adsorbed on D152 resin can be eluted with 0.05 mol/L HCI quantitatively. The adsorption rate constants determined under various temperatures are k288 n=2.22×10-5 s^-1, k298 K=2.51 × 10^-5 s^-1, and k308 K= 2.95 × 10^-5 s^-1, respectively. The apparent activation energy, Ea is 10.5 kJ/mol, and the adsorption parameters of thermodynamics are ΔH^Θ=13.3 kJ/mol, ΔS^Θ=119 J/（mol·K）, and ΔG^Θ298 K =-22.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The adsorption behavior of D152 resin for Pb^2＋ follows Langmuir model.