栽植密度对小黑杨树木生长因子和木材物理力学性质的影响

以山西朔州小黑杨(Populus×xiaoheiT.S.Hvang et Liang)人工林为试验材料,研究了3种栽植密度(1000、500、250株.hm-2)对小黑杨树木生长、木材生长量和主要物理力学性质的影响。结果表明,栽植密度对树木冠幅、冠长、胸径、湿心材面积、边材面积和木材基本密度、顺纹抗压强度和MOE的影响达到极显著水平;对湿心材比例、边材比例和MOR的影响达到显著水平;对基本密度的径向变异有一定程度的影响,但不改变其变异的一般趋势,即从髓心向外,先下降后呈上升的变化趋势。

High-altitude tree growth responses to climate change across the Hindu Kush Himalaya

Aims Rapid warming at high altitudes may lead to a higher sensitivity in tree growth to temperature.The key factors constraining tree radial growth and to what extent regional tree growth has suffered from climatic changes are unclear.Methods Tree-ring width data were collected from 73 sites across the Hindu Kush Himalaya(HKH),including three dominant genera(Abies,Juniperus and Picea)at high altitudes over 3000 m.Dynamic time warping was introduced to develop subregional chronologies by considering the synchrony of annual tree growth among different sites.We quantified the contribution of the climate variables,and analyzed the spatiotemporal variation of the growth–climate relationship.Important Findings The site chronologies were grouped into three clusters,corresponding to the three distinct bioclimatic zones,i.e.the western HKH,central-eastern HKH and southeastern Tibetan Plateau(TP).Tree growth was positively correlated to winter and spring precipitation in the drier western HKH,and to winter temperature and spring precipitation in the humid southeastern TP.Tree growth was markedly constrained by the minimum temperature,especially in winter,with its importance increasing from the west toward the east.As shown by moving correlation analysis,the signal of winter temperature in tree growth was weakened in the western and central-eastern HKH,while it was enhanced in the southeastern TP following rapid warming since the 1980s.Our results highlight that continuous warming may cause forest recession due to warming-induced moisture deficit in the western HKH,but forest expansion in the southeastern TP.