全球树花粉致敏阳性率逐年增加,严重影响过敏性疾病患者的生活质量。在华北和华中地区,桦木花粉、柏树花粉和梧桐树花粉是春季花粉症患者中最为常见的过敏原。不同地理区域的植物分布和花粉传播规律导致了不同的花粉暴露结果,从而进一...全球树花粉致敏阳性率逐年增加,严重影响过敏性疾病患者的生活质量。在华北和华中地区,桦木花粉、柏树花粉和梧桐树花粉是春季花粉症患者中最为常见的过敏原。不同地理区域的植物分布和花粉传播规律导致了不同的花粉暴露结果,从而进一步加大了对诊断和治疗个体化需求的挑战。本文通过深入解读欧洲过敏和临床免疫学会(EAACI)发布的《过敏原组分诊断指导建议2.0》中关于树花粉过敏的研究进展和临床应用,探讨了PR-10蛋白、Profilins、Polcalin等树花粉的主要过敏原家族和组分蛋白,以及可能导致花粉食物过敏综合征的交叉反应组分。通过过敏原组分诊断可以区分真正过敏患者和对多重过敏原的反应,从而更有针对性地选择过敏原进行特异性免疫治疗,提高治疗效果,如Bet v 1和Cup a 1为桦树和柏树过敏患者免疫治疗的特异性指标。本文对该指南解读,为树花粉过敏领域的专业人员提供前沿信息,深入分析树花粉过敏原组分蛋白、临床表现和治疗的相关研究,有助于更好地理解和应对树花粉过敏的挑战。展开更多
Four pairs of microsatellite molecular polymorphism primers were used to analyse microsatellite fingerprints of 188 seedlings derived from an open-pollinated progeny grafted Eucalyptus globulus breeding arboretum in V...Four pairs of microsatellite molecular polymorphism primers were used to analyse microsatellite fingerprints of 188 seedlings derived from an open-pollinated progeny grafted Eucalyptus globulus breeding arboretum in Victoria, south-eastern Australia. The microsatellite loci chosen for this study were highly polymorphic with the mean number of alleles per locus of 14.25. Individual mothers varied in their outcrosssing rate estimate from 15% to 95%, the overall outcrossing level in the arboretum was 47.9% and the contamination rate was 17.6%. The high selfing level was likely to result in marked inbreeding depression in the performance of open-pollinated seed lots. Open-pollinated seeds collected from such arboreta are not advisable because of its low genetic quality, although such arboreta may be useful for the seed production through large-scale manual pollination or collecting seeds only from trees or genotypes within the arboretum that have high outcrossing rates.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the submicroscopic structure and morphological characteristics of mulberry pollen. [Method] Mulberry pollen of seven cultivars were treated by glutaraldehyde fixing, alcohol...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the submicroscopic structure and morphological characteristics of mulberry pollen. [Method] Mulberry pollen of seven cultivars were treated by glutaraldehyde fixing, alcohol gradient dehydration, freeze-drying and metal plating to observe the size and surface ornamentation under the scanning electron microscope （SEM）. [Result] The pollen surface characteristics and ornamentation were clearly visible, indicating that this method is suitable for SEM observation of mulberry pollen; experimental mulberry pollen was nearly spher- ical, with two germination apertures and processes on aperture membrane; polar axis was 15.99-22.63 μm long, and equatorial axis was 14.98-20.78 μm long; the pollen volume of ＂Yu No.2＇ was the maximum, while that of ＂Jinxuan No.7＇ was the minimum; the surface of mulberry pollen showed smooth and tumor-like protuberance ornamentations, covered with different densities of particles. [Conclusion] Glutaralde- hyde fixative-alcohol gradient dehydration is an ideal method for morphological char- acteristics of mulberry pollen. This study may provide useful information for palynology identification of Morus plants or even species-level systematic classification.展开更多
AIM： To investigate whether birch pollen allergy symptoms are linked with gut microbiota changes and whether probiotics have an effect on these. METHODS： Forty seven children with confirmed birch pollen allergy were...AIM： To investigate whether birch pollen allergy symptoms are linked with gut microbiota changes and whether probiotics have an effect on these. METHODS： Forty seven children with confirmed birch pollen allergy were randomized to receive either a probiotic combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus （L. acidophilus） NCFM^TM （ATCC 700396） and Bifidobacterium lactis （B. lactis） BI-04 （ATCC SD5219） or placebo in a double-blind manner for 4 mo, starting prior to onset of the birch pollen season. Symptoms were recorded in a diary. Blood samples were taken for analysis of cytokines and eosinophils. Fecal samples were analysed for microbiota components, calprotectin and IgA. Nasal swabs were taken for analysis of eosinophils.RESULTS： The pollen season induced a reduction in Bifldobacterium , Clostridium and Bacteroides which could not be prevented by the probiotic intervention. During the intervention, significantly higher numbers ofB. lactis 11.2 × 10^7 ± 4.2 ×10^7 vs 0.1 × 10^7 ± 0.1 × 10^7 bacteria/g feces （P 〈 0.0001） and L. acidophilus NCFMTM 3.5 × 10^6 ± 1.3 × 10^6 vs 0.2 × 10^6 ±0.1 × 10^6 bacteria/g feces （P 〈 0.0001） were observed in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group.During May, there was a tendency for fewer subjects, （76.2% vs 95.2%, P = 0.078） to report runny nose, while during June, fewer subjects, 11.1% vs 33.3%, reported nasal blocking in the probiotics group （P = 0.101）. Concomitantly, fewer subjects in the probiotic group had infiltration of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa compared to the placebo group, 57.1% vs 95% （P = 0.013）. Eye symptoms tended to be slightly more frequent in the probiotic group, 12.5 d [interquartile range （IQR） 6-18] vs 7.5 d （IQR 0-11.5） （P = 0.066） during May. Fecal IgA was increased in the placebo group during the pollen season; this increase was prevented by the probiotics （P = 0.028）. CONCLUSION： Birch pollen allergy was shown to be associated with changes in fecal microbiota composition. The specific combination of probiotics used was shown to prevent the pollen-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the nasal mucosa, and indicated a trend for reduced nasal symptoms.展开更多
In date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. male （pollen bearing） and female （fruit bearing） inflorescences are on separate palms. To ensure good fertilization and better yield, artificial pollination is carried out in da...In date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. male （pollen bearing） and female （fruit bearing） inflorescences are on separate palms. To ensure good fertilization and better yield, artificial pollination is carried out in date plantations, where pollen harvested from male flowers are used for artificial pollination which is usually done manually. Often, the availability of male flowers becomes scarce due to the high demand to take up pollination during the short period of time when the female flowers are receptive. We assessed the comparative efficiency of using pollen to manually pollinate female date palm flowers in the field using sponge pieces charged with harvested pollen as compared to the traditional practice of the farmers using male inflorescences. Results revealed that fruit set （%）, fructification （%）, yield per bunch （kg） besides fruit weight, length and breadth were statistically similar in the two pollination methods evaluated. The sponge method of manual pollination can therefore serve as a viable alternative to the traditional method of pollination with the possibility of using stored pollen especially where male palms are scarce and pollen is difficult to obtain.展开更多
Background： Birch pollen sensitization and associated pollen-food syndrome among Chinese allergic patients have not been investigated. Methods： Sera from 203 allergic patients from the northern part of China and col...Background： Birch pollen sensitization and associated pollen-food syndrome among Chinese allergic patients have not been investigated. Methods： Sera from 203 allergic patients from the northern part of China and collected during February to July 2014 were investigated. Specific immunoglobulin E （IgE） against birch pollen extract Bet v and major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 were measured using the ADVIA Centaur. The presence of major apple allergen Mal d 1 and soy bean allergen Gly m 4 specific IgE was measured by ImmunoCAP 100. Results： Among the 203 sere, 34 sera （16.7%） had specific IgE to Bet v and of these, 28 sere （82.4%） contained Bet v 1-specific IgE. Among the 28 sera with Bet v 1-specific IgE, 27 sera （96.4%） contained Mal d 1-specific IgE and 22 sera （78.6%） contained Gly m 4-specific igE. Of the 34 Bet v-positive sera, 6 sera （17.6%） contained no specific IgE for Bet v 1, Mal d 1, or Gly m 4. Almost all Bet v-positive sera were donated during the birch pollen season. Conclusions： The prevalence of birch allergy among patients visiting health care during pollen season can be as high as 16.7% in Tangshan City. The majority of Chinese birch allergic patients are IgE-sensitized to the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 as well as to the major apple allergen Mal d 1 and soy bean allergen Gly m 4. A relatively high number of patients （17.6%） are IgE-sensitized to birch pollen allergen（s） other than Bet v 1. The high prevalence of specific IgE to Mal d 1 and Gly m 4 among Bet v 1-sensitized patients indicates that pollen-food allergy syndrome could be of clinical relevance in China.展开更多
文摘全球树花粉致敏阳性率逐年增加,严重影响过敏性疾病患者的生活质量。在华北和华中地区,桦木花粉、柏树花粉和梧桐树花粉是春季花粉症患者中最为常见的过敏原。不同地理区域的植物分布和花粉传播规律导致了不同的花粉暴露结果,从而进一步加大了对诊断和治疗个体化需求的挑战。本文通过深入解读欧洲过敏和临床免疫学会(EAACI)发布的《过敏原组分诊断指导建议2.0》中关于树花粉过敏的研究进展和临床应用,探讨了PR-10蛋白、Profilins、Polcalin等树花粉的主要过敏原家族和组分蛋白,以及可能导致花粉食物过敏综合征的交叉反应组分。通过过敏原组分诊断可以区分真正过敏患者和对多重过敏原的反应,从而更有针对性地选择过敏原进行特异性免疫治疗,提高治疗效果,如Bet v 1和Cup a 1为桦树和柏树过敏患者免疫治疗的特异性指标。本文对该指南解读,为树花粉过敏领域的专业人员提供前沿信息,深入分析树花粉过敏原组分蛋白、临床表现和治疗的相关研究,有助于更好地理解和应对树花粉过敏的挑战。
基金This study was supported by State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs, P. R. China (No.2001430007)
文摘Four pairs of microsatellite molecular polymorphism primers were used to analyse microsatellite fingerprints of 188 seedlings derived from an open-pollinated progeny grafted Eucalyptus globulus breeding arboretum in Victoria, south-eastern Australia. The microsatellite loci chosen for this study were highly polymorphic with the mean number of alleles per locus of 14.25. Individual mothers varied in their outcrosssing rate estimate from 15% to 95%, the overall outcrossing level in the arboretum was 47.9% and the contamination rate was 17.6%. The high selfing level was likely to result in marked inbreeding depression in the performance of open-pollinated seed lots. Open-pollinated seeds collected from such arboreta are not advisable because of its low genetic quality, although such arboreta may be useful for the seed production through large-scale manual pollination or collecting seeds only from trees or genotypes within the arboretum that have high outcrossing rates.
基金Supported by National Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China(31000308)Outstanding Young Scientist Research Award Fund of Shandong Province(BS2010NY006)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the submicroscopic structure and morphological characteristics of mulberry pollen. [Method] Mulberry pollen of seven cultivars were treated by glutaraldehyde fixing, alcohol gradient dehydration, freeze-drying and metal plating to observe the size and surface ornamentation under the scanning electron microscope （SEM）. [Result] The pollen surface characteristics and ornamentation were clearly visible, indicating that this method is suitable for SEM observation of mulberry pollen; experimental mulberry pollen was nearly spher- ical, with two germination apertures and processes on aperture membrane; polar axis was 15.99-22.63 μm long, and equatorial axis was 14.98-20.78 μm long; the pollen volume of ＂Yu No.2＇ was the maximum, while that of ＂Jinxuan No.7＇ was the minimum; the surface of mulberry pollen showed smooth and tumor-like protuberance ornamentations, covered with different densities of particles. [Conclusion] Glutaralde- hyde fixative-alcohol gradient dehydration is an ideal method for morphological char- acteristics of mulberry pollen. This study may provide useful information for palynology identification of Morus plants or even species-level systematic classification.
文摘AIM： To investigate whether birch pollen allergy symptoms are linked with gut microbiota changes and whether probiotics have an effect on these. METHODS： Forty seven children with confirmed birch pollen allergy were randomized to receive either a probiotic combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus （L. acidophilus） NCFM^TM （ATCC 700396） and Bifidobacterium lactis （B. lactis） BI-04 （ATCC SD5219） or placebo in a double-blind manner for 4 mo, starting prior to onset of the birch pollen season. Symptoms were recorded in a diary. Blood samples were taken for analysis of cytokines and eosinophils. Fecal samples were analysed for microbiota components, calprotectin and IgA. Nasal swabs were taken for analysis of eosinophils.RESULTS： The pollen season induced a reduction in Bifldobacterium , Clostridium and Bacteroides which could not be prevented by the probiotic intervention. During the intervention, significantly higher numbers ofB. lactis 11.2 × 10^7 ± 4.2 ×10^7 vs 0.1 × 10^7 ± 0.1 × 10^7 bacteria/g feces （P 〈 0.0001） and L. acidophilus NCFMTM 3.5 × 10^6 ± 1.3 × 10^6 vs 0.2 × 10^6 ±0.1 × 10^6 bacteria/g feces （P 〈 0.0001） were observed in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group.During May, there was a tendency for fewer subjects, （76.2% vs 95.2%, P = 0.078） to report runny nose, while during June, fewer subjects, 11.1% vs 33.3%, reported nasal blocking in the probiotics group （P = 0.101）. Concomitantly, fewer subjects in the probiotic group had infiltration of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa compared to the placebo group, 57.1% vs 95% （P = 0.013）. Eye symptoms tended to be slightly more frequent in the probiotic group, 12.5 d [interquartile range （IQR） 6-18] vs 7.5 d （IQR 0-11.5） （P = 0.066） during May. Fecal IgA was increased in the placebo group during the pollen season; this increase was prevented by the probiotics （P = 0.028）. CONCLUSION： Birch pollen allergy was shown to be associated with changes in fecal microbiota composition. The specific combination of probiotics used was shown to prevent the pollen-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the nasal mucosa, and indicated a trend for reduced nasal symptoms.
文摘In date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. male （pollen bearing） and female （fruit bearing） inflorescences are on separate palms. To ensure good fertilization and better yield, artificial pollination is carried out in date plantations, where pollen harvested from male flowers are used for artificial pollination which is usually done manually. Often, the availability of male flowers becomes scarce due to the high demand to take up pollination during the short period of time when the female flowers are receptive. We assessed the comparative efficiency of using pollen to manually pollinate female date palm flowers in the field using sponge pieces charged with harvested pollen as compared to the traditional practice of the farmers using male inflorescences. Results revealed that fruit set （%）, fructification （%）, yield per bunch （kg） besides fruit weight, length and breadth were statistically similar in the two pollination methods evaluated. The sponge method of manual pollination can therefore serve as a viable alternative to the traditional method of pollination with the possibility of using stored pollen especially where male palms are scarce and pollen is difficult to obtain.
文摘Background： Birch pollen sensitization and associated pollen-food syndrome among Chinese allergic patients have not been investigated. Methods： Sera from 203 allergic patients from the northern part of China and collected during February to July 2014 were investigated. Specific immunoglobulin E （IgE） against birch pollen extract Bet v and major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 were measured using the ADVIA Centaur. The presence of major apple allergen Mal d 1 and soy bean allergen Gly m 4 specific IgE was measured by ImmunoCAP 100. Results： Among the 203 sere, 34 sera （16.7%） had specific IgE to Bet v and of these, 28 sere （82.4%） contained Bet v 1-specific IgE. Among the 28 sera with Bet v 1-specific IgE, 27 sera （96.4%） contained Mal d 1-specific IgE and 22 sera （78.6%） contained Gly m 4-specific igE. Of the 34 Bet v-positive sera, 6 sera （17.6%） contained no specific IgE for Bet v 1, Mal d 1, or Gly m 4. Almost all Bet v-positive sera were donated during the birch pollen season. Conclusions： The prevalence of birch allergy among patients visiting health care during pollen season can be as high as 16.7% in Tangshan City. The majority of Chinese birch allergic patients are IgE-sensitized to the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 as well as to the major apple allergen Mal d 1 and soy bean allergen Gly m 4. A relatively high number of patients （17.6%） are IgE-sensitized to birch pollen allergen（s） other than Bet v 1. The high prevalence of specific IgE to Mal d 1 and Gly m 4 among Bet v 1-sensitized patients indicates that pollen-food allergy syndrome could be of clinical relevance in China.
