Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 89 Sichuan wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and SDS_PAGE. In these landraces, a total...Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 89 Sichuan wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and SDS_PAGE. In these landraces, a total of 32 gliadin and 3 high_molecular_weight (HMW) glutenin patterns were observed. In total, 14, 15 and 5 alleles were identified at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1, respectively. At each locus, the alleles in higher frequency were Gli_A1a (89%), Gli_B1h (46%), Gli_D1a (65%), Gli_A2a (64%), Gli_B2j (45%), Gli_D2a (48%), Glu_A1c (99%), Glu_B1b (99%) and Glu_D1a (100%). The Nei's genetic variation index (H) of Sichuan wheat landraces was 0.370?6, varying from 0 to 0.708?7. The highest genetic diversity was found at Gli_B2 locus, while the lowest was found at Glu_D1. The genetic diversity at Gli loci was higher than that of Glu_1 loci among these landraces, but it was much lower than that of modern wheat cultivars. These results indicated a narrow genetic base of Sichuan wheat landraces. In this study, “Chengdu_guangtou” had the identical gliadin and HMW_glutenin patterns with “Chinese Spring”, further supporting the proposal that “Chinese Spring” is a strain of “Chengdu_guangtou”.展开更多
Current methods that utilize simple data or models to judge whether soil fertility can selfdevelop are not sufficiently rigorous. A new framework has been set up using catastrophe theory, laboratory experiment, field ...Current methods that utilize simple data or models to judge whether soil fertility can selfdevelop are not sufficiently rigorous. A new framework has been set up using catastrophe theory, laboratory experiment, field work, and 3S(Geographic information system, Global positioning system, and Remote sensing) to explore soil fertility catastrophe under ecological restoration, discriminate whether soil fertility can self-develop, and propose adjustment of ecological restoration measures in the Zhuxi watershed of Changting County, Fujian Province, China, which is a typical representative of the red soil hilly region of China. The results show that: 1) the soil fertility is obviously improved through the four ecological restoration measures, which impels soil fertility catastrophe. Among 89 soil samples, catastrophic soil samples and stable soil samples account for 26(29.21%) and 63(70.79%) of the samples, respectively. The four ecological restoration measures are listed in the order lowquality forest improvement > arbor–bush–herb mixed plantation > orchard improvement > closing measures according to the proportions of catastrophic soil samples. A typical soil sample in Bashilihe that can self-develop is selected as the criterion to judge the upper lobe and lower lobe of soil fertility in the process surface of the Cusp catastrophe model. Twenty-six(29.21%) were in the middle lobe, 10(11.24%) were in the upper lobe, and 53(70.79%) were in the lower lobe. The catastrophic direction of 26 catastrophic soil samples is to the upper lobe according to soil and water loss change as well as fieldwork. There is a significant positive correlation of Δ with soil and water loss change, and the lower soil and water loss relates to higher catastrophic probability. 2) Soil fertility self-development could be regionalized as "Soil fertility can self-develop" whose area was 12.74 km2(28.33%) distributed mainly in the leftmost and rightmost parts, "Soil fertility tends to self-develop" whose area was 11.63 km2(25.89%) distributed mainly in the middle part, and "Soil fertility cannot self-develop" whose area was 20.58 km2(45.78%) distributed mainly between the above two types. 3) There is no need to take ecological restoration measures and excessive human interference should be avoided in the future in regions of "Soil fertility can self-develop" and "Soil fertility tends to self-develop," and ecological restoration measures should be taken in region of "Soil fertility cannot self-develop." 4) We suggest withdrawal and implementation of ecological restoration measures should be incorporated into the evaluation criteria of ecological restoration to avoid misuse of funds.展开更多
文摘Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 89 Sichuan wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and SDS_PAGE. In these landraces, a total of 32 gliadin and 3 high_molecular_weight (HMW) glutenin patterns were observed. In total, 14, 15 and 5 alleles were identified at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1, respectively. At each locus, the alleles in higher frequency were Gli_A1a (89%), Gli_B1h (46%), Gli_D1a (65%), Gli_A2a (64%), Gli_B2j (45%), Gli_D2a (48%), Glu_A1c (99%), Glu_B1b (99%) and Glu_D1a (100%). The Nei's genetic variation index (H) of Sichuan wheat landraces was 0.370?6, varying from 0 to 0.708?7. The highest genetic diversity was found at Gli_B2 locus, while the lowest was found at Glu_D1. The genetic diversity at Gli loci was higher than that of Glu_1 loci among these landraces, but it was much lower than that of modern wheat cultivars. These results indicated a narrow genetic base of Sichuan wheat landraces. In this study, “Chengdu_guangtou” had the identical gliadin and HMW_glutenin patterns with “Chinese Spring”, further supporting the proposal that “Chinese Spring” is a strain of “Chengdu_guangtou”.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41371512,41001170)
文摘Current methods that utilize simple data or models to judge whether soil fertility can selfdevelop are not sufficiently rigorous. A new framework has been set up using catastrophe theory, laboratory experiment, field work, and 3S(Geographic information system, Global positioning system, and Remote sensing) to explore soil fertility catastrophe under ecological restoration, discriminate whether soil fertility can self-develop, and propose adjustment of ecological restoration measures in the Zhuxi watershed of Changting County, Fujian Province, China, which is a typical representative of the red soil hilly region of China. The results show that: 1) the soil fertility is obviously improved through the four ecological restoration measures, which impels soil fertility catastrophe. Among 89 soil samples, catastrophic soil samples and stable soil samples account for 26(29.21%) and 63(70.79%) of the samples, respectively. The four ecological restoration measures are listed in the order lowquality forest improvement > arbor–bush–herb mixed plantation > orchard improvement > closing measures according to the proportions of catastrophic soil samples. A typical soil sample in Bashilihe that can self-develop is selected as the criterion to judge the upper lobe and lower lobe of soil fertility in the process surface of the Cusp catastrophe model. Twenty-six(29.21%) were in the middle lobe, 10(11.24%) were in the upper lobe, and 53(70.79%) were in the lower lobe. The catastrophic direction of 26 catastrophic soil samples is to the upper lobe according to soil and water loss change as well as fieldwork. There is a significant positive correlation of Δ with soil and water loss change, and the lower soil and water loss relates to higher catastrophic probability. 2) Soil fertility self-development could be regionalized as "Soil fertility can self-develop" whose area was 12.74 km2(28.33%) distributed mainly in the leftmost and rightmost parts, "Soil fertility tends to self-develop" whose area was 11.63 km2(25.89%) distributed mainly in the middle part, and "Soil fertility cannot self-develop" whose area was 20.58 km2(45.78%) distributed mainly between the above two types. 3) There is no need to take ecological restoration measures and excessive human interference should be avoided in the future in regions of "Soil fertility can self-develop" and "Soil fertility tends to self-develop," and ecological restoration measures should be taken in region of "Soil fertility cannot self-develop." 4) We suggest withdrawal and implementation of ecological restoration measures should be incorporated into the evaluation criteria of ecological restoration to avoid misuse of funds.
