Boron is an attractive candidate of the first wall coating materials in fusion reactors. The behavior of deuterium implanted into boron films has been studied . This paper reports the effect of thin oxygen-containing ...Boron is an attractive candidate of the first wall coating materials in fusion reactors. The behavior of deuterium implanted into boron films has been studied . This paper reports the effect of thin oxygen-containing boron layer on the behavior of deuterium im- planted into boron film by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and thermal desorption spectroscopy （TDS）.展开更多
Fusion technologies and materials researches made progress in the major three aspects in 2006, specially implemented the ITER agreement tasks of first wall （FW） plate fabrication qualification and shield bulk therma...Fusion technologies and materials researches made progress in the major three aspects in 2006, specially implemented the ITER agreement tasks of first wall （FW） plate fabrication qualification and shield bulk thermal-hydraulic analysis and design, studied on low activation fusion structure materials and High Z plasma facing materials, experimentally investigated on liquid metal blanket magneto-hydrodynamics effects and so on.展开更多
Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture stimulation of the sacral segment on the excitability of the cerebral cortex and the activity of the urinary bladder and the involvement of the cholinergic neurons in the...Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture stimulation of the sacral segment on the excitability of the cerebral cortex and the activity of the urinary bladder and the involvement of the cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental （LDT） nucleus of the brainstem in acupuncture-induced electroencephalogram （EEG） changes. Methods A total of 109 SD rats were used in the present study. Under anesthesia （urethane）, a pair of stainless steel electrodes was separately implanted into the frontal and parietal bony sutures to record EEG. Glass microelectrodes were used to record extracellular discharges of single neuron of the LDT nucleus in the brainstem. Urinary bladder pressure was recorded through a catheter inserted in the bladder and the contraction was induced by infusion of normal saline. A filiform acupuncture needle was inserted into the sacral segment Ecorresponding to Zhongliao （中髎BL 33）] and rotated manually for 1 min. Results In 27 rats whose bladder was full of normal saline, acupuncture stimulation of the sacral region suppressed the contraction activity of the bladder, the fast EEG with lower amplitude and higher frequency tuned into slow EEG with higher amplitude and lower frequency in 6 cases （22.2%）. The inhibitory effect occurred from 45 s to 12 min after acupuncture manipulation. In 82 rats whose bladder was empty, acupuncture stimulation caused the fast EEG to turn into slow EEG in 71 cases （86.6%）. Simultaneously, LDT cholinergic neurons reduced their firing rates from （2.9±1.5） Hz to （1.2±0.6） Hz （n = 12, P〈0.05）, and the reduction of LDT neuronal discharge was earlier in time than the change of EEG. Conclusion Acupuncture stimulation of the sacral region can lower the excitability of the cerebral cortex and suppress bladder activity, which is closely associated with its resultant inhibitory effect on the electrical activity of LDT cholinergic neurons.展开更多
文摘Boron is an attractive candidate of the first wall coating materials in fusion reactors. The behavior of deuterium implanted into boron films has been studied . This paper reports the effect of thin oxygen-containing boron layer on the behavior of deuterium im- planted into boron film by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and thermal desorption spectroscopy （TDS）.
文摘Fusion technologies and materials researches made progress in the major three aspects in 2006, specially implemented the ITER agreement tasks of first wall （FW） plate fabrication qualification and shield bulk thermal-hydraulic analysis and design, studied on low activation fusion structure materials and High Z plasma facing materials, experimentally investigated on liquid metal blanket magneto-hydrodynamics effects and so on.
文摘Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture stimulation of the sacral segment on the excitability of the cerebral cortex and the activity of the urinary bladder and the involvement of the cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental （LDT） nucleus of the brainstem in acupuncture-induced electroencephalogram （EEG） changes. Methods A total of 109 SD rats were used in the present study. Under anesthesia （urethane）, a pair of stainless steel electrodes was separately implanted into the frontal and parietal bony sutures to record EEG. Glass microelectrodes were used to record extracellular discharges of single neuron of the LDT nucleus in the brainstem. Urinary bladder pressure was recorded through a catheter inserted in the bladder and the contraction was induced by infusion of normal saline. A filiform acupuncture needle was inserted into the sacral segment Ecorresponding to Zhongliao （中髎BL 33）] and rotated manually for 1 min. Results In 27 rats whose bladder was full of normal saline, acupuncture stimulation of the sacral region suppressed the contraction activity of the bladder, the fast EEG with lower amplitude and higher frequency tuned into slow EEG with higher amplitude and lower frequency in 6 cases （22.2%）. The inhibitory effect occurred from 45 s to 12 min after acupuncture manipulation. In 82 rats whose bladder was empty, acupuncture stimulation caused the fast EEG to turn into slow EEG in 71 cases （86.6%）. Simultaneously, LDT cholinergic neurons reduced their firing rates from （2.9±1.5） Hz to （1.2±0.6） Hz （n = 12, P〈0.05）, and the reduction of LDT neuronal discharge was earlier in time than the change of EEG. Conclusion Acupuncture stimulation of the sacral region can lower the excitability of the cerebral cortex and suppress bladder activity, which is closely associated with its resultant inhibitory effect on the electrical activity of LDT cholinergic neurons.
