NaHCO_3和Na_2CO_3胁迫对藜种子萌发的影响

用两种钠盐不同浓度对藜种子进行了发芽试验,研究了两种钠盐胁迫对藜种子萌发的影响,探讨其耐盐性。结果表明:两种钠盐胁迫对藜种子的萌发有抑制作用,随着盐浓度的增加,种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数均呈显著下降趋势(p<0.01),盐浓度过高会抑制种子萌发,NaHCO3浓度250mmol/L、Na2CO3浓度200mmol/L时,藜种子无发芽能力。两种钠盐对藜种子发芽后的胚根及胚芽生长的抑制作用表现不同,NaHCO3对藜种子的抑制:胚根>胚芽,Na2CO3对种子的抑制:胚根<胚芽。

贮藏时间和温度对藜种子萌发的影响

研究了贮藏时间和温度对藜种子萌发的影响,结果表明:在-10℃条件下存放90 d后,藜种子发芽率下降了3.50%,发芽势上升了6.75%,与刚采集时的种子萌发无显著差异(P>0.05).室温和4℃条件下存放90 d后发芽率和发芽势显著降低(P<0.01).随贮存时间的延长,藜种子发芽率和发芽势呈下降趋势,发芽率和发芽势变化趋势是:-10℃>常温和4℃;贮藏温度对藜胚根和胚芽生长无显著影响,贮存2年后则根长和芽长明显降低.

反枝苋营养器官水浸提液对紫花苜蓿种子萌发的影响

采用纸培法研究反枝苋营养器官水浸提液对苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,以探明反枝苋对紫花苜蓿种子萌发的影响.结果表明:反枝苋营养器官水浸提液在浓度0.001和0.002 g/mL时,紫花苜蓿种子发芽率和发芽势均有所提高,浓度≥0.020 g/mL时,发芽率和发芽势明显下降,浓度达到0.100 g/mL完全受到抑制,种子不能萌发.水浸提液浓度为0.001/mL和0.002/mL时,对苜蓿根、芽的生长有一定的促进作用,浓度≥0.020 g/mL时均表现为抑制作用.反枝苋根水浸提液对幼苗根生长的抑制作用明显大于芽,根/芽显著降低,茎水浸提液对根芽生长在浓度达到0.050 g/mL时表现出抑制作用,根/芽与对照差异不显著(P>0.05),叶水浸提液浓度≥0.020 g/mL时,对根、芽生长均表现为抑制作用(P<0.01),对胚芽生长的抑制作用大于胚根,根/芽比明显上升,与对照和低浓度差异极显著(P<0.01).

NaCl胁迫对藜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

用NaCl不同浓度对藜种子进行了发芽试验,研究了NaCl胁迫对藜种子发芽的影响,探讨其耐盐性.结果表明:NaCl胁迫下藜种子发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数均随盐处理浓度的升高而降低,在NaCl浓度200 mmol/L萌发受到明显抑制,NaCl浓度为500 mmol/L时,种子不发芽.种子胚芽长在NaCl浓度为50 mmol/L和100 mmol/L时较对照略有增高,随着NaCl浓度继续增高胚芽长迅速降低;胚根长随着NaCl浓度的增高呈降低的趋势.

Development and Age Structure of Ramets of Kalimeris integrifolia Populations in the Songnen Plains, Northeast China

Kalimeris integrifolia Turcz. is a root sucker form perennial herb of Compositae. In die late period of growing season, fresh fleshy radicels grow up above the soil surface to develop root-borne buds, which in turn grow into ramets and taproot. On the basis of observation on numerous samples, methods to classify the age of ramets and buds for the root sucker herbaceous plant population and to estimate the ages of taproots were established according to their morphology. The age of ramets was classified based on the regeneration times of taproot buds. Ramets developed from new root sucker buds were classified as 1 a. After 1 a ramets died, the ramets reproduced from the taproots were 2 a, and so on. New buds from a root sucker were 0 a buds, other age classes of buds were consistent with that of ramets, i.e. buds produced from taproots of I a ramets were 1 a buds, and so on. In the hay clipping meadows of the Songnen Plains, for K. integrifolia population, there are three age classes of ramets, representing a steady age structure. The maximal age of taproots of ramets is 4 a. Among all age classes, the population productivity of 2 a ramets was the highest, and that of I a ramets was the lowest. The ramet productivity increased with ramet age. During the early period of growing season, the productivity of 3 a ramets was the highest, but after the middle of growing season, I a ramets showed the greatest relative growth rate. The population size and age structure in the next year could be accurately forecasted by the number of fresh roots with budlet and present population in late autumn. The potential population in the bud banks was more than two times of the present population, which may provide sufficient substitution in the future.

Effects of Exogenous Hormones on Subculture Multiplication and Root Induction of Tissuecultured Seedlings of Mulberry

Objective The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of exogenous hormone factors on subculture multiplication and root induction of tis-suecultured seedlings in mulberry. [Method] The aseptic seedlings of Guisangyou 12 were used as the materials and the comparative experiment on subculture multi-plication and root induction used different kinds,concentrations and combinations of exogenous hormones. [Result] The hormone combination of 0.1 mg/L IBA＋1.5 mg/L 6-BA＋0.03 mg/L TDZ showed the best effects to bud multiplication, and the multiple of bud multiplication was 5.28. The effects of NAA was better than IBA and IAA on root induction. The hormone combination of 2.0 mg/L NAA＋1.0 mg/L PP333 was most suitable to the root induction, in which the rooting rate arrived to 100%, the root number was 7.01 and the root length was 1.38 cm on average. [Conclusion] The results wil provide some technical reference for large-scale propagation of mul-berry seedlings in vitro.

Preliminary Study on Garlic Root Exudates Influences to the Growth of Pomegranate Wilt Pathogen(Ceratocystis fimbriata)and Bacillus subtilis

[Objectives] This paper aims to explore the possibility to intercrop garlic with pomegranate tree to control pomegranate wilt.[Methods] Root exudates of garlic is cultivated in 1/5 concentration of MS solution and distilled water is examined in lab to test their effect to growth of mycelia of pomegranate wilt pathogen（Ceratocystis fimbriata）and multiplication of Bacillus subtilis.[Results] The result shows that garlic root exudates whatever cultivated in MS solution or distilled water could not inhibit or promote mycelia growth of C.fimbriata.However,garlic root exudates cultivated in both methods effectively promote multiplication of B.subtilis.[Conclusions] It is suggested that intercropping garlic with pomegranate tree by combining application B.subtilis could be a promising way to prevent pomegranate wilt spread in practice.

Effects of Fragmentation Intensity of Perennial Roots and Their Burial Depth on Sprouting and Early Growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb

[Objective] The aim was to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the invasion of Alternanthera philoxeroides（Mart.）Griseb.[Method] Effects of fragmentation intensity of fresh roots and their burial depth on sprouting and early growth of A.philoxeroides were studied by control test.[Result] More sprouts of A.philoxeroides emerged when the fragmentation intensity of fresh roots was higher,while if the fragmentation intensity of fresh roots was lower,the early growth of A.philoxeroides was more rapid.The soil buried depth had significant effect on fresh root sprouts＇ emergence,but once fresh root sprouts could reach the soil surface and were given enough growth time,even if the fresh roots were buried in different depths,soil buried depth had no significant effect on its young plant growth.[Conclusion] If different fragmentation intensities of fresh roots present,there is a kind of trade-off strategy between root sprouts＇ emergence and plant＇ early growth,by which A.philoxeroides can invade new habitat successfully.To control the invasion of A.philoxeroides,it is critical to prevent its fresh root sprouts from emerging to soil surface,that is,to bury the fresh roots at a further soil depth.

Tissue Culture and Gemmae Propagation of Shoot Tipof Huperzia serrata

To solve the problems of microbial contamination and no rooting during the tissue culture of Huperzia serrata, wild seedlings of Huperzia serrata were cultured by indoor hydroponics or soil cultivation methods, then the stem tips were used in tissue culture. The above operation significantly reduced microbial contamination during tissue culture process. Different types and concentrations of hormones were added into the basic medium MS to screen the optimal formula for induced plantlet growth and rooting. It was found that 1/2MSCO was the best medium on which stem, leaves and roots of tissue culture plantlets of Huperzia serrata grew quickly. At the same time, sand planting was a convenient and effective approach for gemmae propagation of Huperzia serrata, the survival rate of seedlings germinated from gemmae was nearly 100%.

Ability of Non Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Isolated from Coffee Plant Rhizosphere and Their Effects on Robusta Coffee Seedlings

Nitrogen is one of the most needed elements by coffee plants. Utilization of biological nitrogen fixation by non symbiotic bacteria offers alternative to reduce the N fertilizer usage. This study was focused to obtain aerobic non symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria from coffee rhizosphere. The application of those bacteria was expected to enhance coffee seedling growth. Sixty four aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacterial isolates were isolated from coffee plants rhizosphere from Jember, East Java using several nitrogen free medium, such as Ashby, malate acid, and fahreus agar. The nitrogen fixation ability of the isolates was determined by measuring their ability in pellicle formation on semi solid medium and ammonium excretion on growth medium. Ab Kws.l, Asm E6s.3.a, Asm Bsl.1, and Asm E6s were the isolates which showed the best performance on nitrogen fixation with excreted ammonium concentration ranged from 129.6 up to 239.8 pM/mg dry weight cell. Acetylene reduction assay was used to detect nitrogenase activity. Ab Kws.1 was the isolate which had the highest nitrogenase activity （7.4 mmol N2 fixed/gram dry weight cell/hour）. Inoculation of the four best isolates onto Robusta coffee seedling positively enhanced the seedling growth in this green house experiment. Based on the results of Becton Dickinson＇s （BD） PhoenixTM Automated Microbiology System biochemical tests, Asm Bls.l isolates has similarities with Achromobacter sp., Asm E6s.l and Asm E6s.3.a had similarities with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, while Ab Kws. 1 had similarities with Leifsonia aquatica.