文艺学系谱——从艺文志分说

文艺学系谱是对该学科刨根问底的寻思。艺文与文艺的字序、内涵及其演变的背景掩藏着学科征候群的根由。在中国文化史上,真正的根学术话题和元学科分类是“艺文志”。“艺文志”第一次将艺文整合,第一次将“志”的意义发挥透彻,第一次将艺文志三字合称,创造性地建立了根元式的学术格局和大人文的艺文术语。根学术是指文史哲互根,元学科是指科教文一家。这种特点不利于披坚执锐的进取,却有助于化感通变的和合。在学科林立且壁垒森严的当今文教体制下,应提倡文史哲沟通中的化感通变和艺文志隐秀间的启蔽归藏。

学高为师 德高为范——综论冯光廉教授

"学高为师,德高为范",这是对教师的基本要求,也是教师终生努力追求的目标。冯光廉先生在他60年的教研中,以育人为本,展现了教师乐于承担、永不改变的情怀;他以学术为根,体现了学者执着追求、忠诚守护的品格;他以人格为魂,显示了领军人海纳百川、大气包举的胸襟。

The Public Institutions of Science and Technology as Knowledge Source in the Learning Networks of Agri-food Sectors in Argentina

In the case of agrifood productions, Argentinean enterprisesmainly medium and smallzized, have a critical neck bottle that limits their possibility to build endogenous capabilities for knowledge production, circulation and appropriation. As a consequence, public institutions of science and technology have been called to play a central role in the innovation systems providing relevant inputs for the necessary learning process in order to obtain product and process innovation. Nevertheless, it looks like that these institutions, in Argentina, are prisoners of the offer （science） push--demand pull tension far away of a systemic behavior in an innovative environment. This work studies four cases of agrifood production in Argentina, considering a regional approach and the learning networks around each production. It is concluded that the behavior of each institution is different for each case. INTA has a systemic conduct in all cases while the other ones show a systemic behavior only in the case that their offer matches to specific demands.

Anatomical and biomechanical analysis of sacral pedicle and lateral mass

Objective： To study the anatomical and biomechanical features of sacral pedicle and lateral mass so as to provide reference for clinical screw fixation technology of sacral pedicle and lateral mass.Methods： A total of 60 adult patients＇ spiral CT images of the sacrum and coccyx were selected randomly. The entry points of sacral pedicle and lateral mass screws were determined, and the screw trajectory was measured using the three dimensional reconstruction method. Meanwhile,the gross anatomy was scrutinized in 15 adult cadaver specimens to determine the sacral pedicle and lateral mass screw entry points. The length, width and angle of sacral pedicle and lateral mass screw trajectory were measured. Eight of 15cadaver specimens were selected to test the maximal extraction force of sacral pedicle and lateral mass screws. The clinical data of 15 cases treated by pedicle and lateral mass screw technology were collected and analyzed.Results： The diameter and length of S1-S5 sacral pedicle and lateral mass screw trajectory were regular, with about 20° inclination angle. The S1 pedicle screw entry point was located at the intersection point of the basal lateral part of articular process and median line of transverse process, and no significant difference was found for the maximal extraction force between pedicle and lateral mass screws （P〉0.05）. The entry points of S2-S5 pedicle screws were located at the intersection point of the line connecting adjacent posterior sacral foramina and median line of the transverse process.The lateral mass screw entry point of S2-S5 was on the median side of intersection point between median line of the transverse process and lateral sacral crest. The maximal extraction force of pedicle screws was significantly greater than that of lateral mass screws （P〈0.05）.Conclusion： Both the sacral pedicle and the lateral mass screw fixation techniques can offer effective fixation and reconstruction for fracture of the sacrum and coccyx,but pedicle screw fixation may be more convenient, safe and reliable than lateral mass screw fixation.