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基于根微形态测定土壤Zn对大麦的毒性阈值及其预测模型 被引量:5
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作者 何俊 田昕竹 +5 位作者 王学东 刘彬 李宁 郑涵 孟楠 陈世宝 《中国农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第7期1263-1270,共8页
【目的】随着对污染土壤管理要求的不断提高,受污染土壤生态风险评价的内容也在不断深入。目前,污染土壤风险评价毒性测试逐渐由单物种测试为基础的生态风险评价发展为基于物种敏感性分布的区域种群毒性测试;毒性中除了要包含测试物种... 【目的】随着对污染土壤管理要求的不断提高,受污染土壤生态风险评价的内容也在不断深入。目前,污染土壤风险评价毒性测试逐渐由单物种测试为基础的生态风险评价发展为基于物种敏感性分布的区域种群毒性测试;毒性中除了要包含测试物种的整个生命周期,还需要增加不同敏感的测试终点。基于不同测试终点的毒理学数据对于评价污染土壤中Zn的环境风险具有重要意义。根系生态是基于生态效应法推导土壤中重金属生态风险阈值的重要组成部分,论文中以大麦根尖数、总根长、根表面积和根平均直径为评价终点,研究污染土壤中Zn对大麦根微形态的毒性阈值及其与土壤性质间的量化关系,以期为中国Zn污染土壤的环境风险评价提供科学依据。【方法】采集了8种不同性质的农田土壤,外源添加不同浓度Zn后进行盆栽试验,利用STD1600 Epson根系扫描仪测定不同根微形态指标,结合Log-logistic剂量-效应曲线测定基于不同根微形态为终点的毒性阈值(EC_(10),EC_(50)),建立基于土壤性质的Zn毒性预测模型。【结果】土壤Zn污染对不同根微形态指标的毒性阈值存在较大差异,基于大麦根尖数、总根长、根表面积和根平均直径的有机碳(EC_(10))和阳离子交换量EC_(50)均值分别为228、295、335、261 mg·kg^(-1)及702、779、837、739 mg·kg^(-1),以根尖数测定的EC值最低,根表面积的EC值最高,即根尖数指标对土壤Zn毒性最敏感。不同土壤中,EC_(10)值的变异系数(34.1%)大于EC_(50)(21.6%),而4种不同测试指标中,基于大麦根表面积测定的变异系数最大,EC_(10)和EC_(50)的变异系数分别达到43.4%和23.2%。土壤pH、有机碳(OC)、阳离子交换量(CEC)与Zn的毒性阈值EC_x(x=10,50)呈正相关关系,其中pH的相关系数达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。【结论】不同的根微形态指标中,土壤Zn污染对大麦根尖的毒性最敏感;基于pH、CEC、OC的预测模型可以很好地预测土壤中Zn的大麦毒性阈值。 展开更多
关键词 ZN 毒性阈值 大麦 根微形态 预测模型
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Micromorphology of Leaf Epidermal Cells of Different Species of Cynodon dactylon in Pastoral Soil
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作者 LI Ling-li HE Xin-ru +1 位作者 SUN Bing FEI Yong-jun 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2020年第4期34-43,共10页
To identify suitable grass species for growth in the Jianghan Plain,the micromorphologies of the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves of 14 bermudagrass varieties of Cynodon dactylon were investigated,and the numbe... To identify suitable grass species for growth in the Jianghan Plain,the micromorphologies of the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves of 14 bermudagrass varieties of Cynodon dactylon were investigated,and the number,length,and width of long and short cells and stomata were measured.The results showed that the anticlinal wall of epidermal cells looked like waves and the stoma was distributed in the upper and lower epidermis.However,the various indicators of the leaf epidermis of different species of Cd were significantly different.The length and width of long cells and the length of short cells of Cd Mohawk,Cd Suncity,and wild type Cd were relatively large,which may improve their ability to adapt to the pastoral soil and make them suitable for the rainy environment of the Jianghan Plain.On the contrary,the results of all indicators of Cd Xinnong 1,Cd hulled,and Cd unhulled ranked at the bottom,which was not suitable for pastoral soil habitats,while the wild type Cd could adapt to both the pastoral soil and the vegetation concrete habitat.Moreover,the long cells and short cells of Cd Kashi were tightly arranged,and the stoma in Cd Pyramid and Cd hulled were more dense,which may improve their ability to adapt to an arid environment. 展开更多
关键词 Cynodon dactylon Epidermal cell MICROMORPHOLOGY
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