[Objective] This study compared the leaf photosynthetic characteristics of Turpan grape cultivated in greenhouses and open field to provide a scientific basis for the high-quality and high-yield cultivation of grape. ...[Objective] This study compared the leaf photosynthetic characteristics of Turpan grape cultivated in greenhouses and open field to provide a scientific basis for the high-quality and high-yield cultivation of grape. [Method] Two precocious grape varieties as experimental materials were cultivated in greenhouses and open field, and their net photosynthetic rates （Pn）, photo-response curves and CO2 response curves were determined using Li-400XT portable photosynthesis system. [Result] The leaf Pn of the two varieties cultivated in open field was higher than that in greenhouse. The Pn of Hongqitezao cultivated in open field was the highest, up to 19.79 μmol/（m^2·s）; in the photo-response curves, Hongqitezao cultivated in greenhouse had the largest Pnmax and apparent quantum yield （AQY）, while the Flame Seedless in greenhouse had the smallest light compensation point （LCP）. The light saturation point （LSP） value of greenhouse cultivation was higher than that of open field cultivation. In the CO2 response test, the dark respiration rate （Rd） and Pnmax of greenhouse cultivation were higher than those of open field cultivation, and the carboxylation efficiency （CE） of greenhouse cultivation was lower than that of open field cultivation; the CO2 compensation point （CCP） and CO2 saturation point （CSP） of greenhouse cultivation were lower than those of open field cultivation. [Conclusion] The utilization of elevated light in greenhouse cultivation was more efficient than in open field cultivation; however, the utilization of elevated CO2 in greenhouse cultivation was weaker than tin open field cultivation.展开更多
In order to investigate a better soilless culture medium and the possibility of grass clippings as alternative substrate for peat moss to grow Begonia cucullata Willd. in pots, the seedlings of widely cultivated B. cu...In order to investigate a better soilless culture medium and the possibility of grass clippings as alternative substrate for peat moss to grow Begonia cucullata Willd. in pots, the seedlings of widely cultivated B. cucullata were grown in pots with eight types of soilless substrates： T1（peat： perlite=1：1）, T2（peat： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T3（corn stover： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T4（corn stover： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1）, T5（grass clipping： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T6（grass clipping： perlite：pine bark=2：1：1）, T7（vermiculite： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1） and T8（vermiculite： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1）, respectively, in a shade house of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden to evaluate plant growth performance. The results showed that the stem diameter of B. cucullata increased significantly from day 30 to day 60 after potting,and the plant height, leaf number and leaf area increased largest from day 60 to day 90 after potting in all treatments. The growth of plants performed best in T6,with the highest branch number, leaf thickness, flower number, aboveground fresh and dry weights and relative chlorophyll content. Therefore, the substrate with grass clipping： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1 was the best culture medium for growing B. cucullata in this study, and the grass clippings could replace peat moss as alternative substrate for growing B. cucullata in containers.展开更多
This paper reviewed the development of organic ecotype soilless cultivation, the characteristics and advantages and development prospects, and the sources, types and nutritional characteristics of main cultivation. Co...This paper reviewed the development of organic ecotype soilless cultivation, the characteristics and advantages and development prospects, and the sources, types and nutritional characteristics of main cultivation. Compared with other cultivation methods, the research analyzed development prospects of soilless cultivation technology.展开更多
Flammulina velutipes is an edible fungus with the largest amount of factory-like cultivation yield in China. In this study,based on many years of cultivation experience, 2 kinds of factory-like high-yield cultivating ...Flammulina velutipes is an edible fungus with the largest amount of factory-like cultivation yield in China. In this study,based on many years of cultivation experience, 2 kinds of factory-like high-yield cultivating techniques of F. velutipes in China were summarized. One way is bag cultivation, and the other way is bottle cultivation. The cultivation process of the 2 methods were introduced in detail, including mixing material, bagging or bottling, sterilization, inoculation, spawn running, and mushroom fruiting.展开更多
Optimized high-yielding cultivation is of great significance to ensure stable and high yield of rice in China. This paper reviewed several super high-yielding cultivation modes, analyzed the effects of different culti...Optimized high-yielding cultivation is of great significance to ensure stable and high yield of rice in China. This paper reviewed several super high-yielding cultivation modes, analyzed the effects of different cultivation modes on rice agronomic traits and physiological characteristics, and discussed the advances in rice mechanized cultivation and mode. Finally, the future development prospects of rice cultivation were put forward.展开更多
Soilless culture in China has developed rapidly in recent years. The area of soilless culture in China was about 0.1 ha in 1985, 117 ha in 1995, but in 2002 the area reached to 865 ha. This paper introduced the brief ...Soilless culture in China has developed rapidly in recent years. The area of soilless culture in China was about 0.1 ha in 1985, 117 ha in 1995, but in 2002 the area reached to 865 ha. This paper introduced the brief history of soilless culture in China, and the main soilless culture systems. The present situation and problems are also discussed in this paper.展开更多
The new kiwifruit variety 'Fengyue' has bigger,avg.90g,max.127.8g fruit with beautiful appearance and good storage tolerance.The fruit is fine and tender in pulp texture with a thick sweet taste and rich refre...The new kiwifruit variety 'Fengyue' has bigger,avg.90g,max.127.8g fruit with beautiful appearance and good storage tolerance.The fruit is fine and tender in pulp texture with a thick sweet taste and rich refreshing aroma in addition to over 15% soluble solids content.This variety matures in September,Changsha,and has a high fruit setting percentage.Fruiters should pay great attention to fertilizer or water management,pruning,and flower or fruit thinning in cultivating'Fengyue展开更多
In order to efficiently solve the shading problem between the upper layer and lower layer in the same cultivation system and between adjacent cultivation systems in multi-layer stereo-cultivation of strawberry,and to ...In order to efficiently solve the shading problem between the upper layer and lower layer in the same cultivation system and between adjacent cultivation systems in multi-layer stereo-cultivation of strawberry,and to improve the fixed A-frame system,a novel cultivation system-sun-tracking system was developed that could keep north-south line of cultivation frame parallel to sunray to make the best use of direct light.In this study,crop canopy light condition of sun-tracking and fixed systems were tested and compared.Results showed that integrated PPF of sun-tracking system is higher than that of fixed system in both middle and lower layers.On sunny day compared with fixed system,integrated PPF on middle and lower layer of suntracking system increased by 16.0%,9.1% in January and 19.6%,4.1% in February,while on cloudy day improvement on light condition of sun-tracking system is not evident as sunny days.Thus sun-tracking system can effectively alleviate shading problem between layers and improve plant canopy light environment.展开更多
Volvariella volvacea is a popular variety because of its distinct flavor, pleasant taste, higher protein content and shorter cropping duration compared with other cultivated mushrooms. It is also the most expensive mu...Volvariella volvacea is a popular variety because of its distinct flavor, pleasant taste, higher protein content and shorter cropping duration compared with other cultivated mushrooms. It is also the most expensive mushroom in artificial mushrooms.With the development of economy and the industrialization of edible fungi, more and more straw mushroom has been cultivated in northern China, and southern mushroom is moving to northern areas. In this study, based on many years of cultivation experience, the high yield cultivating techniques of V. volvacea was summarized. V. volvacea cultivation consists of five steps, i.e.,composting, pasteurization, spawning, pining and harvesting.展开更多
Spat collectors deployed at sea, in addition to the target species, attract also many larvae of accompanying species, which die after transplanting the cultivated one into cages. However, these juveniles often have a ...Spat collectors deployed at sea, in addition to the target species, attract also many larvae of accompanying species, which die after transplanting the cultivated one into cages. However, these juveniles often have a higher value than the cultivated species, and their mortality is caused by smaller sizes. These are： red king crab, Japanese sea cucumber, sea urchins, Japanese cucumaria and several species of ascidians and sponges. However, the use of a realized niche, rather than a fundamental one, in selecting the area and depth to install collectors, and also improvement of their design, make it possible to cultivate a target species without reseeding to other constructions. This not only facilitates the cultivation process, but also increases the survival rate of the cultivated and accompanying species, since at the bottom, they reach either marketable or viable size in comfortable conditions.展开更多
基金Supported by Key Technology Integration and Demonstration of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruit Trees’ High Efficiency and Safe Production,Science and Technical Plan Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(201130102-1)Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-30)Financial Aid from Key Fruit Trees Subject of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region~~
文摘[Objective] This study compared the leaf photosynthetic characteristics of Turpan grape cultivated in greenhouses and open field to provide a scientific basis for the high-quality and high-yield cultivation of grape. [Method] Two precocious grape varieties as experimental materials were cultivated in greenhouses and open field, and their net photosynthetic rates （Pn）, photo-response curves and CO2 response curves were determined using Li-400XT portable photosynthesis system. [Result] The leaf Pn of the two varieties cultivated in open field was higher than that in greenhouse. The Pn of Hongqitezao cultivated in open field was the highest, up to 19.79 μmol/（m^2·s）; in the photo-response curves, Hongqitezao cultivated in greenhouse had the largest Pnmax and apparent quantum yield （AQY）, while the Flame Seedless in greenhouse had the smallest light compensation point （LCP）. The light saturation point （LSP） value of greenhouse cultivation was higher than that of open field cultivation. In the CO2 response test, the dark respiration rate （Rd） and Pnmax of greenhouse cultivation were higher than those of open field cultivation, and the carboxylation efficiency （CE） of greenhouse cultivation was lower than that of open field cultivation; the CO2 compensation point （CCP） and CO2 saturation point （CSP） of greenhouse cultivation were lower than those of open field cultivation. [Conclusion] The utilization of elevated light in greenhouse cultivation was more efficient than in open field cultivation; however, the utilization of elevated CO2 in greenhouse cultivation was weaker than tin open field cultivation.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Project of Shanghai Municipal Greening and City Appearance Administration(F112421)Foundation of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(14DZ2260400)Environmental Protection Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province(XCJZ[2012]347,XCJZ[2013]229)~~
文摘In order to investigate a better soilless culture medium and the possibility of grass clippings as alternative substrate for peat moss to grow Begonia cucullata Willd. in pots, the seedlings of widely cultivated B. cucullata were grown in pots with eight types of soilless substrates： T1（peat： perlite=1：1）, T2（peat： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T3（corn stover： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T4（corn stover： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1）, T5（grass clipping： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1）, T6（grass clipping： perlite：pine bark=2：1：1）, T7（vermiculite： perlite： pine bark=1：1：1） and T8（vermiculite： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1）, respectively, in a shade house of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden to evaluate plant growth performance. The results showed that the stem diameter of B. cucullata increased significantly from day 30 to day 60 after potting,and the plant height, leaf number and leaf area increased largest from day 60 to day 90 after potting in all treatments. The growth of plants performed best in T6,with the highest branch number, leaf thickness, flower number, aboveground fresh and dry weights and relative chlorophyll content. Therefore, the substrate with grass clipping： perlite： pine bark=2：1：1 was the best culture medium for growing B. cucullata in this study, and the grass clippings could replace peat moss as alternative substrate for growing B. cucullata in containers.
基金Supported by Comprehensive Reform Experimentation of College of Bioresource Sciences,of Ministry of Education(2012287)Construction of Guizhou Fully-supporting Majors(2011231)undergraduates’Science Research Program of Guizhou Normal College in 2014~~
文摘This paper reviewed the development of organic ecotype soilless cultivation, the characteristics and advantages and development prospects, and the sources, types and nutritional characteristics of main cultivation. Compared with other cultivation methods, the research analyzed development prospects of soilless cultivation technology.
基金Sponsored by the Shanghai Municipal Government Foundation(No.2015-5-1)Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center of Edible Fungi(No.16DZ2281300)
文摘Flammulina velutipes is an edible fungus with the largest amount of factory-like cultivation yield in China. In this study,based on many years of cultivation experience, 2 kinds of factory-like high-yield cultivating techniques of F. velutipes in China were summarized. One way is bag cultivation, and the other way is bottle cultivation. The cultivation process of the 2 methods were introduced in detail, including mixing material, bagging or bottling, sterilization, inoculation, spawn running, and mushroom fruiting.
基金Supported by Key Laboratory of Pesticide Harmless Application of Hunan ProvinceScience and Technology Plan Project of Loudi City(201601)
文摘Optimized high-yielding cultivation is of great significance to ensure stable and high yield of rice in China. This paper reviewed several super high-yielding cultivation modes, analyzed the effects of different cultivation modes on rice agronomic traits and physiological characteristics, and discussed the advances in rice mechanized cultivation and mode. Finally, the future development prospects of rice cultivation were put forward.
文摘Soilless culture in China has developed rapidly in recent years. The area of soilless culture in China was about 0.1 ha in 1985, 117 ha in 1995, but in 2002 the area reached to 865 ha. This paper introduced the brief history of soilless culture in China, and the main soilless culture systems. The present situation and problems are also discussed in this paper.
文摘The new kiwifruit variety 'Fengyue' has bigger,avg.90g,max.127.8g fruit with beautiful appearance and good storage tolerance.The fruit is fine and tender in pulp texture with a thick sweet taste and rich refreshing aroma in addition to over 15% soluble solids content.This variety matures in September,Changsha,and has a high fruit setting percentage.Fruiters should pay great attention to fertilizer or water management,pruning,and flower or fruit thinning in cultivating'Fengyue
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Plan Project"Five"in Rural Areas--Plant Factory Perspective Multilayer Cultivation System and Its Key Technology and Equipment Research(2013AA103002)Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction Special(CARS-25-06B)
文摘In order to efficiently solve the shading problem between the upper layer and lower layer in the same cultivation system and between adjacent cultivation systems in multi-layer stereo-cultivation of strawberry,and to improve the fixed A-frame system,a novel cultivation system-sun-tracking system was developed that could keep north-south line of cultivation frame parallel to sunray to make the best use of direct light.In this study,crop canopy light condition of sun-tracking and fixed systems were tested and compared.Results showed that integrated PPF of sun-tracking system is higher than that of fixed system in both middle and lower layers.On sunny day compared with fixed system,integrated PPF on middle and lower layer of suntracking system increased by 16.0%,9.1% in January and 19.6%,4.1% in February,while on cloudy day improvement on light condition of sun-tracking system is not evident as sunny days.Thus sun-tracking system can effectively alleviate shading problem between layers and improve plant canopy light environment.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for Shanghai Modern Edible Fungi-industry Technology Research System(Grant No.201709)
文摘Volvariella volvacea is a popular variety because of its distinct flavor, pleasant taste, higher protein content and shorter cropping duration compared with other cultivated mushrooms. It is also the most expensive mushroom in artificial mushrooms.With the development of economy and the industrialization of edible fungi, more and more straw mushroom has been cultivated in northern China, and southern mushroom is moving to northern areas. In this study, based on many years of cultivation experience, the high yield cultivating techniques of V. volvacea was summarized. V. volvacea cultivation consists of five steps, i.e.,composting, pasteurization, spawning, pining and harvesting.
文摘Spat collectors deployed at sea, in addition to the target species, attract also many larvae of accompanying species, which die after transplanting the cultivated one into cages. However, these juveniles often have a higher value than the cultivated species, and their mortality is caused by smaller sizes. These are： red king crab, Japanese sea cucumber, sea urchins, Japanese cucumaria and several species of ascidians and sponges. However, the use of a realized niche, rather than a fundamental one, in selecting the area and depth to install collectors, and also improvement of their design, make it possible to cultivate a target species without reseeding to other constructions. This not only facilitates the cultivation process, but also increases the survival rate of the cultivated and accompanying species, since at the bottom, they reach either marketable or viable size in comfortable conditions.
