Objective:The purpose of the study is to investigate the technical points,effects and complications of fiducial marker implantation within target areas before the CyberKnife treatment on body malignant solid tumors.Me...Objective:The purpose of the study is to investigate the technical points,effects and complications of fiducial marker implantation within target areas before the CyberKnife treatment on body malignant solid tumors.Methods:Five hundred and four cases of patients with body malignant solid tumors accepted fiducial implantation within target areas under CT guidance before the treatment of CyberKnife.Observe the complications and effect.Results:Among the 504 cases,500 cases successfully accepted the implantation(a success rate of 99.2%).158 patients felt pain at the punctured sites and 3 patients had tachycardia.33 patients had abdominal pain after the surgery due to a small amount of bleeding in the needle passage during liver puncturing process.Among the 19 lung cancer patients who accepted lung paracentesis,1 case had light pneumothorax and 1 case got light haemothorax.Among the 453 patients who accepted liver paracentesis,6 had fiducial migration.Conclusion:The method of fiducial implantation within target areas before treating body malignant solid tumor with CyberKnife is minimally invasive and comparatively secure.展开更多
Escalation of commitment has been linked to losses in information systems （IS） projects. Understanding the nature and the rationality of escalation allows the firm to promote optimal project management practices. Th...Escalation of commitment has been linked to losses in information systems （IS） projects. Understanding the nature and the rationality of escalation allows the firm to promote optimal project management practices. This study takes an inter-disciplinary approach and draws on research from economics and management to create a model of irrational escalation and a model of rational escalation. The forces that contribute to irrational escalation include the responsibility of the same manager for both the project selection and project continuation decisions that create proneness to self-justification, the potential for negative framing of decision options due to large sunk costs, the proximity of project completion and the presence of organizational inertia. Identifying these irrational escalation factors helps design appropriate de-escalation techniques. The rational escalation model draws on the real option theory and the bandit process theory to identify conditions when project continuation is justified by the value of information and the value of flexibility that the firm receives from continuing the project.展开更多
With the development of automation in smart grids,network reconfiguration is becoming a feasible approach for improving the operation of distribution systems.A novel reconfiguration strategy was presented to get the o...With the development of automation in smart grids,network reconfiguration is becoming a feasible approach for improving the operation of distribution systems.A novel reconfiguration strategy was presented to get the optimal configuration of improving economy of the system,and then identifying the important nodes.In this strategy,the objectives increase the node importance degree and decrease the active power loss subjected to operational constraints.A compound objective function with weight coefficients is formulated to balance the conflict of the objectives.Then a novel quantum particle swarm optimization based on loop switches hierarchical encoded was employed to address the compound objective reconfiguration problem.Its main contribution is the presentation of the hierarchical encoded scheme which is used to generate the population swarm particles of representing only radial connected solutions.Because the candidate solutions are feasible,the search efficiency would improve dramatically during the optimization process without tedious topology verification.To validate the proposed strategy,simulations are carried out on the test systems.The results are compared with other techniques in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.展开更多
The most useful indicators should be established, designed and customized based on local issues of a target area. In order to establish groundwater sustainability indicators for the Vietnam capital, Hanoi, in this stu...The most useful indicators should be established, designed and customized based on local issues of a target area. In order to establish groundwater sustainability indicators for the Vietnam capital, Hanoi, in this study, the sustainability assessment framework of groundwater resources from an economic perspective is proposed for the first time with the focus of Hanoi current groundwater problems. An AHP （Analytical Hierarchy Process） approach is employed to generate the main components （aspects and indicators） of this framework, because development of composite indicators is considered to be a best approach for sustainability evaluation. To do this, the current problems of Hanoi groundwater resources were carefully reviewed and explored to propose three main aspects （quantity, quality and management） and appropriately construct their 9 MESIs （Macroeconomic Sustainability Indicators）. As for the results, the sustainability indices of the quantity, quality and management aspects were appropriately assessed as good, excellent and good sustainability levels, respectively. As a result, the sustainability of Hanoi groundwater resources development is economically good, indicating that there has been a big effort to improve the groundwater sustainability from both sides, the local government and communities.展开更多
The challenges posed by fatigue propagation on engineering materials and infrastructural facilities have necessitate for proper appraisal. Fatigue involvements in engineering systems are complex requiring indepth anal...The challenges posed by fatigue propagation on engineering materials and infrastructural facilities have necessitate for proper appraisal. Fatigue involvements in engineering systems are complex requiring indepth analysis and optimization of the governing phenomena. The pervasive demand for suitable solutions to this circumstance has been the greatest problem faced by the systems engineers in the quest for delivering sustainable infrastructural development. Consequently, the removal of interdisciplinary boundaries and merge of design platforms pose a great challenge for an unprepared project engineering and technology community. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms promoting fatigue occurrences for a complete model conceptualisation and analysis improvement. In this paper, the duo evaluation--linear and effective crack length measurements are clearly shown to beacon the fatigue investigation for modem project engineering and technology. The paper has also examined the airfield pavement where this concept could be very useful. Such breakthrough would require accurate fatigue simulation and modelling platforms for inbuilt reliability and prudent resources management. Amongst the benefits of the fatigue analysis is the provision of an enabling environment for the sustainable management of engineering and technology projects.展开更多
The feature selection in analogy-based software effort estimation （ASEE） is formulized as a multi-objective optimization problem. One objective is designed to maximize the effort estimation accuracy and the other ob...The feature selection in analogy-based software effort estimation （ASEE） is formulized as a multi-objective optimization problem. One objective is designed to maximize the effort estimation accuracy and the other objective is designed to minimize the number of selected features. Based on these two potential conflict objectives, a novel wrapper- based feature selection method, multi-objective feature selection for analogy-based software effort estimation （MASE）, is proposed. In the empirical studies, 77 projects in Desharnais and 62 projects in Maxwell from the real world are selected as the evaluation objects and the proposed method MASE is compared with some baseline methods. Final results show that the proposed method can achieve better performance by selecting fewer features when considering MMRE （mean magnitude of relative error）, MdMRE （median magnitude of relative error）, PRED （ 0. 25 ）, and SA （ standardized accuracy） performance metrics.展开更多
Many techniques have been used in the courts to demonstrate the criticalities of a delay event on the project schedule. At this time, there is no standard method to analyze a delay claim. This paper first introduced a...Many techniques have been used in the courts to demonstrate the criticalities of a delay event on the project schedule. At this time, there is no standard method to analyze a delay claim. This paper first introduced a fictional case study that has most types of delay and acceleration events that might be faced on a real project. The case study is applied to all current techniques of delay claims that have been identified from previous studies. The comparison uses the delay claim issues as criteria to evaluate all the delay claim techniques from the case study results. The case study result and discussion demonstrate that the Day-by-Day technique satisfies all the desired criteria while other techniques lack some.展开更多
To solve the problem of data recovery on free disk sectors, an approach of data recovering based on intelligent pattern matching is proposed in this paper. Different from the methods based on the file directory, this ...To solve the problem of data recovery on free disk sectors, an approach of data recovering based on intelligent pattern matching is proposed in this paper. Different from the methods based on the file directory, this approach utilizes the consistency among the data on the disk. A feature pattern library is established based on different types of fries according to the internal constructions of text. Data on sectors will be classified automatically by data clustering and evaluating. When the conflict happens on data classification, the digestion will be initiated by adopting context pattern. Based on this approach, the paper achieved the data recovery system aiming at pattern matching of txt, word and PDF fries. Raw and formatting recovery tests proved that the system works well.展开更多
文摘Objective:The purpose of the study is to investigate the technical points,effects and complications of fiducial marker implantation within target areas before the CyberKnife treatment on body malignant solid tumors.Methods:Five hundred and four cases of patients with body malignant solid tumors accepted fiducial implantation within target areas under CT guidance before the treatment of CyberKnife.Observe the complications and effect.Results:Among the 504 cases,500 cases successfully accepted the implantation(a success rate of 99.2%).158 patients felt pain at the punctured sites and 3 patients had tachycardia.33 patients had abdominal pain after the surgery due to a small amount of bleeding in the needle passage during liver puncturing process.Among the 19 lung cancer patients who accepted lung paracentesis,1 case had light pneumothorax and 1 case got light haemothorax.Among the 453 patients who accepted liver paracentesis,6 had fiducial migration.Conclusion:The method of fiducial implantation within target areas before treating body malignant solid tumor with CyberKnife is minimally invasive and comparatively secure.
文摘Escalation of commitment has been linked to losses in information systems （IS） projects. Understanding the nature and the rationality of escalation allows the firm to promote optimal project management practices. This study takes an inter-disciplinary approach and draws on research from economics and management to create a model of irrational escalation and a model of rational escalation. The forces that contribute to irrational escalation include the responsibility of the same manager for both the project selection and project continuation decisions that create proneness to self-justification, the potential for negative framing of decision options due to large sunk costs, the proximity of project completion and the presence of organizational inertia. Identifying these irrational escalation factors helps design appropriate de-escalation techniques. The rational escalation model draws on the real option theory and the bandit process theory to identify conditions when project continuation is justified by the value of information and the value of flexibility that the firm receives from continuing the project.
基金Project(61102039)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014AA052600)supported by National Hi-tech Research and Development Plan,China
文摘With the development of automation in smart grids,network reconfiguration is becoming a feasible approach for improving the operation of distribution systems.A novel reconfiguration strategy was presented to get the optimal configuration of improving economy of the system,and then identifying the important nodes.In this strategy,the objectives increase the node importance degree and decrease the active power loss subjected to operational constraints.A compound objective function with weight coefficients is formulated to balance the conflict of the objectives.Then a novel quantum particle swarm optimization based on loop switches hierarchical encoded was employed to address the compound objective reconfiguration problem.Its main contribution is the presentation of the hierarchical encoded scheme which is used to generate the population swarm particles of representing only radial connected solutions.Because the candidate solutions are feasible,the search efficiency would improve dramatically during the optimization process without tedious topology verification.To validate the proposed strategy,simulations are carried out on the test systems.The results are compared with other techniques in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.
文摘The most useful indicators should be established, designed and customized based on local issues of a target area. In order to establish groundwater sustainability indicators for the Vietnam capital, Hanoi, in this study, the sustainability assessment framework of groundwater resources from an economic perspective is proposed for the first time with the focus of Hanoi current groundwater problems. An AHP （Analytical Hierarchy Process） approach is employed to generate the main components （aspects and indicators） of this framework, because development of composite indicators is considered to be a best approach for sustainability evaluation. To do this, the current problems of Hanoi groundwater resources were carefully reviewed and explored to propose three main aspects （quantity, quality and management） and appropriately construct their 9 MESIs （Macroeconomic Sustainability Indicators）. As for the results, the sustainability indices of the quantity, quality and management aspects were appropriately assessed as good, excellent and good sustainability levels, respectively. As a result, the sustainability of Hanoi groundwater resources development is economically good, indicating that there has been a big effort to improve the groundwater sustainability from both sides, the local government and communities.
文摘The challenges posed by fatigue propagation on engineering materials and infrastructural facilities have necessitate for proper appraisal. Fatigue involvements in engineering systems are complex requiring indepth analysis and optimization of the governing phenomena. The pervasive demand for suitable solutions to this circumstance has been the greatest problem faced by the systems engineers in the quest for delivering sustainable infrastructural development. Consequently, the removal of interdisciplinary boundaries and merge of design platforms pose a great challenge for an unprepared project engineering and technology community. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms promoting fatigue occurrences for a complete model conceptualisation and analysis improvement. In this paper, the duo evaluation--linear and effective crack length measurements are clearly shown to beacon the fatigue investigation for modem project engineering and technology. The paper has also examined the airfield pavement where this concept could be very useful. Such breakthrough would require accurate fatigue simulation and modelling platforms for inbuilt reliability and prudent resources management. Amongst the benefits of the fatigue analysis is the provision of an enabling environment for the sustainable management of engineering and technology projects.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61602267,61202006)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology at Nanjing University(No.KFKT2016B18)
文摘The feature selection in analogy-based software effort estimation （ASEE） is formulized as a multi-objective optimization problem. One objective is designed to maximize the effort estimation accuracy and the other objective is designed to minimize the number of selected features. Based on these two potential conflict objectives, a novel wrapper- based feature selection method, multi-objective feature selection for analogy-based software effort estimation （MASE）, is proposed. In the empirical studies, 77 projects in Desharnais and 62 projects in Maxwell from the real world are selected as the evaluation objects and the proposed method MASE is compared with some baseline methods. Final results show that the proposed method can achieve better performance by selecting fewer features when considering MMRE （mean magnitude of relative error）, MdMRE （median magnitude of relative error）, PRED （ 0. 25 ）, and SA （ standardized accuracy） performance metrics.
文摘Many techniques have been used in the courts to demonstrate the criticalities of a delay event on the project schedule. At this time, there is no standard method to analyze a delay claim. This paper first introduced a fictional case study that has most types of delay and acceleration events that might be faced on a real project. The case study is applied to all current techniques of delay claims that have been identified from previous studies. The comparison uses the delay claim issues as criteria to evaluate all the delay claim techniques from the case study results. The case study result and discussion demonstrate that the Day-by-Day technique satisfies all the desired criteria while other techniques lack some.
文摘To solve the problem of data recovery on free disk sectors, an approach of data recovering based on intelligent pattern matching is proposed in this paper. Different from the methods based on the file directory, this approach utilizes the consistency among the data on the disk. A feature pattern library is established based on different types of fries according to the internal constructions of text. Data on sectors will be classified automatically by data clustering and evaluating. When the conflict happens on data classification, the digestion will be initiated by adopting context pattern. Based on this approach, the paper achieved the data recovery system aiming at pattern matching of txt, word and PDF fries. Raw and formatting recovery tests proved that the system works well.
