In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discri...In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discriminated against Israel＇s Arab minority, as opposed to the majority of Israel＇s society, as part of different issues bound up with this population＇s daily functioning. The aim of the paper is to present the reasons why Eshkol＇s doing away with the martial law stemmed was its ineffectiveness, while the other, and this makes up the core of our concern here, was his changing attitude toward the Arab minority in Israel, by contrast with that of his predecessor, David Ben Gurion The main conclusion of the paper is that even though Eshkol＇s ideas about the Arab minority were not very different from Ben Gurion＇s ideas one insisted on maintaining the military government in Israel, while the other saw this as unnecessary, and so brought it to an end. In August 1963, a few months after assuming office, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the first steps leading to the annulment of military rulet which had applied to Arabs in the State of Israel ever since the end of the War of Independence （1948）. This process was concluded some three years later. Military rule was lifted in effect on December 1, 1966. In the presentation, the author would like to look into the considerations which prompted Eshkol to take such a step, in light of the fact that his predecessor, Ben Gurion, was a staunch opponent of annulling the military regime, convinced as he was, even after the conclusion of his term in office, that the current state of affairs should remain in effect.展开更多
In this paper, we show one of the possibility utilizing typical origami structures for civil engineering fields such as the bridge bearing support. We numerically investigate axial spring constants and buckling behavi...In this paper, we show one of the possibility utilizing typical origami structures for civil engineering fields such as the bridge bearing support. We numerically investigate axial spring constants and buckling behaviors of bellows-like origami tube structures. The bellows-like origami tube structures, which can be folded because of elastic deformations, work as a kind of spring. If the initial heights of the bellows-like origami tubes are less than 90% of the height of the prismatic tubes without bellows-like folded lines, the spring constants of the bellows-like tubes are very low compared with those of the prismatic tubes. The buckling loads and patterns of the bellows-like tubes vary depending on the initial heights of the tubes.展开更多
＂Our relation to the past is being transformed by digital media. Internet and digital databases increase the presence of the past and remake our connection to both past and present＂ （Manoff, 2010, p. 9）. The use o...＂Our relation to the past is being transformed by digital media. Internet and digital databases increase the presence of the past and remake our connection to both past and present＂ （Manoff, 2010, p. 9）. The use of archive footage in documentary filmmaking has increased significantly, since the digitalization of audio-visual archives. Access is facilitated by databases and different interfaces. The theorization about the particular impacts of archive footage on the documentary text has not received much attention as yet as archive usage has been seen as unproblematic and digital archives as just ＂handy＂. This paper is a first step in the development of a taxonomy of how archive footage is being used by documentary filmmakers, while taken into account the production practices and the processes of archivization of archive materials.展开更多
文摘In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discriminated against Israel＇s Arab minority, as opposed to the majority of Israel＇s society, as part of different issues bound up with this population＇s daily functioning. The aim of the paper is to present the reasons why Eshkol＇s doing away with the martial law stemmed was its ineffectiveness, while the other, and this makes up the core of our concern here, was his changing attitude toward the Arab minority in Israel, by contrast with that of his predecessor, David Ben Gurion The main conclusion of the paper is that even though Eshkol＇s ideas about the Arab minority were not very different from Ben Gurion＇s ideas one insisted on maintaining the military government in Israel, while the other saw this as unnecessary, and so brought it to an end. In August 1963, a few months after assuming office, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the first steps leading to the annulment of military rulet which had applied to Arabs in the State of Israel ever since the end of the War of Independence （1948）. This process was concluded some three years later. Military rule was lifted in effect on December 1, 1966. In the presentation, the author would like to look into the considerations which prompted Eshkol to take such a step, in light of the fact that his predecessor, Ben Gurion, was a staunch opponent of annulling the military regime, convinced as he was, even after the conclusion of his term in office, that the current state of affairs should remain in effect.
文摘In this paper, we show one of the possibility utilizing typical origami structures for civil engineering fields such as the bridge bearing support. We numerically investigate axial spring constants and buckling behaviors of bellows-like origami tube structures. The bellows-like origami tube structures, which can be folded because of elastic deformations, work as a kind of spring. If the initial heights of the bellows-like origami tubes are less than 90% of the height of the prismatic tubes without bellows-like folded lines, the spring constants of the bellows-like tubes are very low compared with those of the prismatic tubes. The buckling loads and patterns of the bellows-like tubes vary depending on the initial heights of the tubes.
文摘＂Our relation to the past is being transformed by digital media. Internet and digital databases increase the presence of the past and remake our connection to both past and present＂ （Manoff, 2010, p. 9）. The use of archive footage in documentary filmmaking has increased significantly, since the digitalization of audio-visual archives. Access is facilitated by databases and different interfaces. The theorization about the particular impacts of archive footage on the documentary text has not received much attention as yet as archive usage has been seen as unproblematic and digital archives as just ＂handy＂. This paper is a first step in the development of a taxonomy of how archive footage is being used by documentary filmmakers, while taken into account the production practices and the processes of archivization of archive materials.
