减沉复合疏桩基础沉降计算法商榷

从《建筑桩基技术规范(JGJ94—2008)》提供的2例减沉复合疏桩基础案例,与该规范用于验证复合疏桩基础沉降计算法的2例案例,以及上海地区有着长期桩土荷载分担原位实测与沉降监测数据的1例复合疏桩基础案例中,发现"减沉复合疏桩基础沉降计算法"的计算可靠度依赖"假想天然地基平均附加压力"的取值,然而"假想天然地基平均附加压力"取值所依据的"承台效应系数"却不适用于常规复合疏桩基础。因此,应用"减沉复合疏桩基础沉降计算法"时需先获得可靠的沉降计算值,然后才能反推得"假想天然地基平均附加压力"。

浅析桩基础钻芯法检测技术

自我国二十世纪八十年代以来,国内的工程建设就得到了快速发展。而作为工程建设中的桩基础工程更是以优良的技术迅速成为工程施工中必不可少的重要环节。本文将针对这一课题对桩基础钻芯法检测技术进行一个简单的分析与探讨。

浅谈覆土罐软弱地基处理施工技术

软弱地基处理技术在国内具有较为成熟的发展和应用,本文针对国储某工程处理当地软弱地基施工过程中采取的方法进行了介绍和分析。经过分析发现,在处理软弱地基时,针对实际地形地质情况将各种常用地基处理方法和优化设计方案结合起来能大幅提高施工效率,降低施工成本。

Settlement calculation for long-short composite piled raft foundation

The mechanism of long-short composite piled raft foundation was discussed. Assuming the relationship between shear stress and shear strain of the surrounding soil was elasto-plastic, shear displacement method was employed to establish the different explicit relational equations between the load and the displacement at the top of pile in either elastic or elasto-plastic period. Then Mylonakis ＆ Gazetas model was introduced to simulate the interaction between two piles or between piles and soil. Considering the effect of cushion, the flexible coefficients of interaction were provided, With the addition of a relevant program, the settlement calculation for long-short composite piled raft foundation was developed which could be used to account for the interaction of piles, soil and cushion. Finally, the calculation method was used to analyze an engineering example. The calculated value of settlement is 10.2 ram, which is close to the observed value 8.8 mm.

3D finite element analysis on pile-soil interaction of passive pile group

The interaction between pile and soft soil of the passive pile group subjected to soil movement was analyzed with three-dimensional finite element model by using ANSYS software. The soil was assumed to be elastic-plastic complying with the Drucker-Prager yield criterion in the analysis. The large displacement of soil was considered and contact elements were used to evaluate the interaction between pile and soil. The influences of soil depth of layer and number of piles on the lateral pressure of the pile were investigated, and the lateral pressure distributions on the (2×1) pile group and on the (2×2) pile group were compared. The results show that the adjacent surcharge may result in significant lateral movement of the soft soil and considerable pressure on the pile. The pressure acting on the row near the surcharge is higher than that on the other row, due to the "barrier" and arching effects in pile groups. The passive load and its distribution should be taken into account in the design of the passive piles.

Effects of liquefaction-induced large lateral ground deformation on pile foundations

The pile-soil system interaction computational model in liquefaction-induced lateral spreading ground was established by the finite difference numerical method.Considering an elastic-plastic subgrade reaction method,numerical methods involving finite difference approach of pile in liquefaction-induced lateral spreading ground were derived and implemented into a finite difference program.Based on the monotonic loading tests on saturated sand after liquefaction,the liquefaction lateral deformation of the site where group piles are located was predicted.The effects of lateral ground deformation after liquefaction on a group of pile foundations were studied using the fmite difference program mentioned above,and the failure mechanism of group piles in liquefaction-induced lateral spreading ground was obtained.The applicability of the program was preliminarily verified.The results show that the bending moments at the interfaces between liquefied and non-liquefied soil layers are larger than those at the pile＇s top when the pile＇s top is embedded.The value of the additional static bending moment is larger than the peak dynamic bending moment during the earthquake,so in the pile foundation design,more than the superstructure＇s dynamics should be considered and the effect of lateral ground deformation on pile foundations cannot be neglected.

Effect of cantilever soldier pile foundation excavation closing to an existing composite foundation

Adjacent high-rise building with CFG pile composite foundation was studied using model test method to investigate stress and displacement of the foundation pile retaining structure, the subsidence and transmogrification law of the composite foundation. Two different project cases with and without high-rise building adjacent to pile foundation were compared. The relationships of slope pile bending moment, earth pressure, pile top displacement and complex settlement with respect to time were obtained. 1) When there is no adjacent building, the displacement of supporting system caused by excavation is mainly in the horizontal direction; while when the adjacent building exists, the displacement of supporting system will be vertical. 2) When the excavation depth is less than or equal to the adjacent building's composite foundation depth, the force of supporting structure is uniform and has small value, at the same time, the pile strength is in fully use and the foundation is stable; while when the excavation depth is greater than the depth of adjacent building's composite foundation, the results will be opposite. 3) During the excavation process, the adjustment of the composite ground loads on the supporting structure is carried out downward and the force of the supporting structure is reduced through the deformation of the bearing layer.

Limit analysis of vertical anti-pulling screw pile group under inclined loading on 3D elastic-plastic finite element strength reduction method

Based on the functional theory, catastrophe theory, simultaneity principle and the idea of strength reduction method （SRM）, the bearing capacity functional anti SRM of pile group foundation were established, and the criteria of ultimate load and the concept of safety storage coefficient （Css） were advanced. The inclined ultimate loads by the static loading test, load increment method （LIM） and SRM are compared. Theoretically, the ultimate load of piles does not change with the loading levels when it is calculated by SRM. When the one strength reduction parameter is applied in the calculation boundary, there are calculating errors because the bearing capacity action of soils happened in the finite zone. The inclined 10adings are 108, 132 and 144 kN, and SSC are 1.07, 0.94 and 0.79, respectively, so the calculation values of ultimate loads are about 115.56, 124.08 and 113.76 kN, respectively. The error between calculations and observation values is less than 6%. But .the error between calculations of LIM and observations is 20%. Because of the effect of inclined loading, the push-rotation phenomenon of screw pile group appears. Under this testing, the ultimate bearing capacity of piles is mostly determined by the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity, and the effect of the vertical component of inclined load should also be considered.

桥梁钻孔灌注桩断桩预防处理

本文分析了桥梁钻孔灌注"导管法"桩基础常见的几种断桩原因。

Verification of Seismic Performance of Pile Foundation in Composite Ground through Experimental and Numerical Methods

A new construction method of pile foundation in composite ground, in which, prior to installing piles, the ground is improved around the heads of the piles in soft ground or ground subject to liquefaction, which is introduced in this paper. This construction method uses a combination of pile foundation construction together with common ground improvement methods, including deep mixing, preloading and sand compaction piling, and it is referred to as the composite ground pile method. Since an artificial ground with relatively high rigidity comparing with that of the original ground was formed around the pile in this method, and the seismic performance has not been made clear, thus the seismic performance of piles in composite ground was systematically analyzed through a series of centrifuge model tests and numerical analyses by using dynamic nonlinear finite element method, and a verification method for the seismic performance of piles in composite ground was proposed on the basis of the experimental and numerical results.

建筑工程的岩土勘察及地基处理关键研究

在开展建筑工程项目施工前,为了解施工地段岩土地质的实际情况,需要进行岩土勘察工作,收集相关数据作为参考数值,设计符合实际的建筑工程地基结构,从而使地基建设质量达到预期标准。目前我国建筑行业已经形成了相对成熟的岩土勘察工作体系,但随着城市化建设不断深入,高层建设越来越多,致使岩土勘察及地基处理技术的实际应用受到各界人士的重视。基于此,文章对建筑工程的岩土勘察及地基处理关键点进行研究。