AIM:To measure the normal space between the posterior wall of the vagina and the anterior wall of the respectively rectum using computed tomography(CT) and reveal its were relationship to rectocele. METHODS:A total of...AIM:To measure the normal space between the posterior wall of the vagina and the anterior wall of the respectively rectum using computed tomography(CT) and reveal its were relationship to rectocele. METHODS:A total of twenty female volunteers without rectocele were examined by CT scan.We performed a middle level continuous horizontal pelvic scan from the upper part to the lower part and collected the measurement data to analyze the results using t-test. RESULTS:Twenty volunteers were enrolled in the study. The space between the posterior wall of the vagina and the anterior wall of the rectum was measured at three levels(upper 1/3,middle,lower 1/3 level of vagina). The results showed that the space from the posterior wall of the vagina to the anterior wall of the rectum at the upper 1/3 level and the middle level was 3.896 ±0.3617 mm and 4.6575±0.3052 mm,respectively. When the two groups of data were compared,we found the space at the upper 1/3 level was shorter than at the middle level(P<0.01).Moreover,at the lower 1/3 level the space measured was 10.058±0.4534 mm.The results revealed that the space at the lower 1/3 level was longer than that at the middle level(P<0.01). CONCLUSION:These measurement data may be helpful in assessing rectocele clinical diagnosis and functional outcomes of rectocele repair.展开更多
目的:非正常足型的发展会对儿童的生长和生活带来不利的影响,儿童非正常足型的早期诊断有利于对儿童足型的及时矫正。文章对文献中儿童足型分类的方法进行总结与回顾,以期为临床医生在儿童非正常足型的预防与矫正策略的研究上提供有价...目的:非正常足型的发展会对儿童的生长和生活带来不利的影响,儿童非正常足型的早期诊断有利于对儿童足型的及时矫正。文章对文献中儿童足型分类的方法进行总结与回顾,以期为临床医生在儿童非正常足型的预防与矫正策略的研究上提供有价值的参考信息。方法:在万方、维普、中国知网、Web of Science和PubMed数据库中对儿童足型分类的相关文献进行检索,并对儿童足型分类的方法进行分类、归纳与系统评价。结果:(1)最终纳入12篇文献,其中儿童足型分类方法主要包括足印指数法、放射学评估法、临床检查法和人体测量学检查法共4种;(2)各种分类方法的优缺点:足印法简单快捷,但测量结果具有片面性;放射学评估法具有潜在的辐射风险,且成本高、流程复杂;临床检查法虽快捷、成本低,但具有较强的主观性;人体测量学检查法虽然较为准确,但耗时较长;(3)在以往研究中,研究人员大多数选择经济快捷的足印法作为儿童足型的分类方法,且部分研究采用多种指标相结合的方式以提高儿童足型分类的准确性;(4)目前较为准确的儿童足型的分类方法就是采用多种指标相结合的方式。结论:目前儿童足型的分类缺乏金标准,多数足型分类方法仅显示足部静态的结构特征,未来的研究需建立静态足部结构和动态足部功能之间的关系,以增加儿童足型分类结果的准确性和科学性,从而在儿童骨骺闭合年龄结束前对儿童足部的健康成长和发育提供良好的策略。展开更多
AIM: To introduce a computer-aided morphometric method for quantifying the necro-inflammatory phase in liver biopsy specimens using fractal geometry and Delaunay's triangulation.METHODS: Two-micrometer thick biops...AIM: To introduce a computer-aided morphometric method for quantifying the necro-inflammatory phase in liver biopsy specimens using fractal geometry and Delaunay's triangulation.METHODS: Two-micrometer thick biopsy sections taken from 78 chronic hepatitis C virus-infected patients were immunohistochemically treated to identify the inflammatory cells. An automatic computer-aided image analysis system was used to define the inflammatory cell network defined on the basis of Delaunay's triangulation,and the inflammatory cells were geometrically classified as forming a cluster (an aggregation of a minimum of three cells) or as being irregularly distributed within the tissue. The phase of inflammatory activity was estimated using Hurst's exponent.RESULTS: The proposed automatic method was rapid and objective. It could not only provide rigorous results expressed by scalar numbers, but also allow the state of the whole organ to be represented by Hurst's exponent with an error of no more than 12%.CONCLUSION: The availability of rigorous metrical measures and the reasonable representativeness of the status of the organ as a whole raise the question as to whether the indication for hepatic biopsy should be revised by establishing clear rules concerning the contraindications suggested by its invasiveness and subjective interpretation.展开更多
A single channel measurement system for brain MIT has been built. The system is composed of an exciting source unit,a detecting unit,a rotating and controlling unit,and imaging unit. The experiment results of single c...A single channel measurement system for brain MIT has been built. The system is composed of an exciting source unit,a detecting unit,a rotating and controlling unit,and imaging unit. The experiment results of single channel measurements show that the system output versus the conductivity of the objects was an approximate linear relationship when the diameter of an object was about 9cm and its conductivity was in 0.1 S/m,0.7 S/m,2 S/m,6 S/m. The sensitivit yof the phase detector was 53 mV/degree from -10 to +10 degree.展开更多
Today, just by activating a button on the display panel of a total station, one can measure horizontal and vertical angles or calculate distances and coordinates of points. For this reason, it has become necessary to ...Today, just by activating a button on the display panel of a total station, one can measure horizontal and vertical angles or calculate distances and coordinates of points. For this reason, it has become necessary to improve the check of a total station in order to respond to its contemporary way of use. The aim of this research is to create a new method for checking total stations using only one check--field, in a different way of the today＇s standards. The basic principle, of the comparison of an instrument＇s measurements to those of another instrument with higher accuracy, is implemented into a mathematical model such as the adjustment of an indoor geodetic network. Thus, the check of the proper function of a total station is applied. An a-priori calculation Of^o of the network＇s adjustment can be calculated by modeling the uncertainties using statistical methods as the random number generators by means of the Monte Carlo method. The prospective ao can then be compared to the a-posteriori ao provided by the adjustment of the measurements which are carried out by using the total station under check.展开更多
基金Supported by The key project of Tianjin nature science foundation, China, No07JCZDJC07800
文摘AIM:To measure the normal space between the posterior wall of the vagina and the anterior wall of the respectively rectum using computed tomography(CT) and reveal its were relationship to rectocele. METHODS:A total of twenty female volunteers without rectocele were examined by CT scan.We performed a middle level continuous horizontal pelvic scan from the upper part to the lower part and collected the measurement data to analyze the results using t-test. RESULTS:Twenty volunteers were enrolled in the study. The space between the posterior wall of the vagina and the anterior wall of the rectum was measured at three levels(upper 1/3,middle,lower 1/3 level of vagina). The results showed that the space from the posterior wall of the vagina to the anterior wall of the rectum at the upper 1/3 level and the middle level was 3.896 ±0.3617 mm and 4.6575±0.3052 mm,respectively. When the two groups of data were compared,we found the space at the upper 1/3 level was shorter than at the middle level(P<0.01).Moreover,at the lower 1/3 level the space measured was 10.058±0.4534 mm.The results revealed that the space at the lower 1/3 level was longer than that at the middle level(P<0.01). CONCLUSION:These measurement data may be helpful in assessing rectocele clinical diagnosis and functional outcomes of rectocele repair.
文摘目的:非正常足型的发展会对儿童的生长和生活带来不利的影响,儿童非正常足型的早期诊断有利于对儿童足型的及时矫正。文章对文献中儿童足型分类的方法进行总结与回顾,以期为临床医生在儿童非正常足型的预防与矫正策略的研究上提供有价值的参考信息。方法:在万方、维普、中国知网、Web of Science和PubMed数据库中对儿童足型分类的相关文献进行检索,并对儿童足型分类的方法进行分类、归纳与系统评价。结果:(1)最终纳入12篇文献,其中儿童足型分类方法主要包括足印指数法、放射学评估法、临床检查法和人体测量学检查法共4种;(2)各种分类方法的优缺点:足印法简单快捷,但测量结果具有片面性;放射学评估法具有潜在的辐射风险,且成本高、流程复杂;临床检查法虽快捷、成本低,但具有较强的主观性;人体测量学检查法虽然较为准确,但耗时较长;(3)在以往研究中,研究人员大多数选择经济快捷的足印法作为儿童足型的分类方法,且部分研究采用多种指标相结合的方式以提高儿童足型分类的准确性;(4)目前较为准确的儿童足型的分类方法就是采用多种指标相结合的方式。结论:目前儿童足型的分类缺乏金标准,多数足型分类方法仅显示足部静态的结构特征,未来的研究需建立静态足部结构和动态足部功能之间的关系,以增加儿童足型分类结果的准确性和科学性,从而在儿童骨骺闭合年龄结束前对儿童足部的健康成长和发育提供良好的策略。
基金Supported by the "Michele Rodriguez" Foundation, Institute for Quantitative Measures in Medicine, Milan, Italy
文摘AIM: To introduce a computer-aided morphometric method for quantifying the necro-inflammatory phase in liver biopsy specimens using fractal geometry and Delaunay's triangulation.METHODS: Two-micrometer thick biopsy sections taken from 78 chronic hepatitis C virus-infected patients were immunohistochemically treated to identify the inflammatory cells. An automatic computer-aided image analysis system was used to define the inflammatory cell network defined on the basis of Delaunay's triangulation,and the inflammatory cells were geometrically classified as forming a cluster (an aggregation of a minimum of three cells) or as being irregularly distributed within the tissue. The phase of inflammatory activity was estimated using Hurst's exponent.RESULTS: The proposed automatic method was rapid and objective. It could not only provide rigorous results expressed by scalar numbers, but also allow the state of the whole organ to be represented by Hurst's exponent with an error of no more than 12%.CONCLUSION: The availability of rigorous metrical measures and the reasonable representativeness of the status of the organ as a whole raise the question as to whether the indication for hepatic biopsy should be revised by establishing clear rules concerning the contraindications suggested by its invasiveness and subjective interpretation.
文摘A single channel measurement system for brain MIT has been built. The system is composed of an exciting source unit,a detecting unit,a rotating and controlling unit,and imaging unit. The experiment results of single channel measurements show that the system output versus the conductivity of the objects was an approximate linear relationship when the diameter of an object was about 9cm and its conductivity was in 0.1 S/m,0.7 S/m,2 S/m,6 S/m. The sensitivit yof the phase detector was 53 mV/degree from -10 to +10 degree.
文摘Today, just by activating a button on the display panel of a total station, one can measure horizontal and vertical angles or calculate distances and coordinates of points. For this reason, it has become necessary to improve the check of a total station in order to respond to its contemporary way of use. The aim of this research is to create a new method for checking total stations using only one check--field, in a different way of the today＇s standards. The basic principle, of the comparison of an instrument＇s measurements to those of another instrument with higher accuracy, is implemented into a mathematical model such as the adjustment of an indoor geodetic network. Thus, the check of the proper function of a total station is applied. An a-priori calculation Of^o of the network＇s adjustment can be calculated by modeling the uncertainties using statistical methods as the random number generators by means of the Monte Carlo method. The prospective ao can then be compared to the a-posteriori ao provided by the adjustment of the measurements which are carried out by using the total station under check.
