To control movement,the brain has to integrate proprioceptive information from a variety of mechanoreceptors.The role of proprioception in daily activities,exercise,and sports has been extensively investigated,using d...To control movement,the brain has to integrate proprioceptive information from a variety of mechanoreceptors.The role of proprioception in daily activities,exercise,and sports has been extensively investigated,using different techniques,yet the proprioceptive mechanisms underlying human movement control are still unclear.In the current work we have reviewed understanding of proprioception and the three testing methods:threshold to detection of passive motion,joint position reproduction,and active movement extent discrimination,all of which have been used for assessing proprioception.The origin of the methods,the different testing apparatus,and the procedures and protocols used in each approach are compared and discussed.Recommendations are made for choosing an appropriate technique when assessing proprioceptive mechanisms in different contexts.展开更多
Bridges are important elements in road system and can influence the entire economy of cities and region. Usually, these structures have high financial investments for their constructions, in this way, maintenance and ...Bridges are important elements in road system and can influence the entire economy of cities and region. Usually, these structures have high financial investments for their constructions, in this way, maintenance and conservation become so important. Inspection is a technical activity that covers several operations, including performance analysis; examination; final performance report, other operations may be necessary, such as maintenance work, recovery, strengthening and rehabilitation. Technical examination together with some test methods allows a critical and parametric judgment of the bridge performance by minimizing the subjectivity of visual evaluations, and permits a more detailed diagnosis. This paper discusses the methodology to perform tests to complement the assessment recommended by DNIT （Brazilian National Department of Transport Infrastructure）, which consists only on a visual judgment. This approach provides technical basis to classify the bridges as its need and urgency of maintenance.展开更多
In the last couple of years,as the development ofnew imaging techniques,diffusion-weighted magnetic resonanceimaging (DW-MRI) has been applied increasingly in the evaluationof various diseases in the body,and has been...In the last couple of years,as the development ofnew imaging techniques,diffusion-weighted magnetic resonanceimaging (DW-MRI) has been applied increasingly in the evaluationof various diseases in the body,and has been adopted frequentlyas an imaging tool in clinical tumor assessment.As a completelynon-invasive,highly sensitive,well-tolerated and relatively lowcost technique,diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can supplyboth quantitative and qualitative information at the cellular levelby exploring irregular diffusion motion of water molecules withintissues in the body.In this article,we summarized the recentapplication and reliability of DWI in tumor evaluation includingtumor detection,tumor features,and outcome of early treatmentresponse.展开更多
基金the University of Canberra,Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education,Shanghai University of Sport and Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission (No.13490503800)supported by Shanghai Pujiang Program (No.15PJ1407600)
文摘To control movement,the brain has to integrate proprioceptive information from a variety of mechanoreceptors.The role of proprioception in daily activities,exercise,and sports has been extensively investigated,using different techniques,yet the proprioceptive mechanisms underlying human movement control are still unclear.In the current work we have reviewed understanding of proprioception and the three testing methods:threshold to detection of passive motion,joint position reproduction,and active movement extent discrimination,all of which have been used for assessing proprioception.The origin of the methods,the different testing apparatus,and the procedures and protocols used in each approach are compared and discussed.Recommendations are made for choosing an appropriate technique when assessing proprioceptive mechanisms in different contexts.
文摘Bridges are important elements in road system and can influence the entire economy of cities and region. Usually, these structures have high financial investments for their constructions, in this way, maintenance and conservation become so important. Inspection is a technical activity that covers several operations, including performance analysis; examination; final performance report, other operations may be necessary, such as maintenance work, recovery, strengthening and rehabilitation. Technical examination together with some test methods allows a critical and parametric judgment of the bridge performance by minimizing the subjectivity of visual evaluations, and permits a more detailed diagnosis. This paper discusses the methodology to perform tests to complement the assessment recommended by DNIT （Brazilian National Department of Transport Infrastructure）, which consists only on a visual judgment. This approach provides technical basis to classify the bridges as its need and urgency of maintenance.
文摘In the last couple of years,as the development ofnew imaging techniques,diffusion-weighted magnetic resonanceimaging (DW-MRI) has been applied increasingly in the evaluationof various diseases in the body,and has been adopted frequentlyas an imaging tool in clinical tumor assessment.As a completelynon-invasive,highly sensitive,well-tolerated and relatively lowcost technique,diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can supplyboth quantitative and qualitative information at the cellular levelby exploring irregular diffusion motion of water molecules withintissues in the body.In this article,we summarized the recentapplication and reliability of DWI in tumor evaluation includingtumor detection,tumor features,and outcome of early treatmentresponse.
