The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau plays a very important role in studying severe weather in China and around the globe because of its unique characteristics. Moreover, the surface emissivities of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are...The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau plays a very important role in studying severe weather in China and around the globe because of its unique characteristics. Moreover, the surface emissivities of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are also important for retrieving surface and atmospheric parameters. In the current study, a retrieval algorithm was developed to retrieve the surface emissivities of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The developed algorithm was derived from the radiative transfer model and was first validated using simulated data from a one-dimensional microwave simulator. The simulated results show good precision. Then, the surface emissivities of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were retrieved using brightness temperatures from the advanced microwave-scanning radiometer and atmospheric profile data from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer. Finally, the features of the time and space distribution of the retrieved results were analyzed. In terms of spatial characteristics, a spatial distribution con- sistency was found between the retrieved results and surface coverage types of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In terms of time characteristics, the changes in emissivity, which were within 0.01 for every day, were not evident within a one-month time scale. In addition, surface emissivities are sensitive to rainfall. The reasonability of the retrieved results indicates that the algorithm is feasible. A time-series surface emissivity database on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau can be built using the developed algorithm, and then other surface or atmospheric parameters would have high retrieval precision to support related geological re- search on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the curative effect of acupuncture on post-stroke depression(PSD).METHODS:The internet was used to retrieve the Wanfang Medical Data System,Chinese Periodical Net,the Weipu Informa...OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the curative effect of acupuncture on post-stroke depression(PSD).METHODS:The internet was used to retrieve the Wanfang Medical Data System,Chinese Periodical Net,the Weipu Information Resources System,PubMed and the Cochrane Library Database.Relevant articles,up to September 2010,were manually retrieved.These papers included studies that had performed random and semi-random control trials for the use of acupuncture to treat PSD.Fifteen random control tests involving 1096 patients were included in this study and individual cases,interventional measures and curative effects were extracted from this research.Grade methodological quality evaluation and meta-analysis were performed on these studies.RESULTS:Comparison between the acupuncture group and the Western medicine group for the curative rate on PSD revealed an OR of 1.48,95% CI = [1.11 1.97] and P=0.008.Comparison of obviously effective rate shows that OR=1.39,95% CI=[1.08 1.80] and P=0.01.Comparison of effective rate showsthatOR=0.83,95%CI=[0.631.09]andP=0.18.CONCLUSION:Comparison between the acupuncture group and Western medicine group in treating PSD revealed that there is a statistical difference in curative rate and remarkably effective rate,but no difference in effective rate.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 41101314 and 40930530)State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Open Fund (Grant No. OFSLRSS201104)+2 种基金Institute of Plateau Meteorology Open Fund (Grant No. LPM2011018)Digital Earth Key Laboratory of CAS Open Fund (Grant No. 2010LDE008)Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science Special Fund (Grant No. 2008Z003)
文摘The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau plays a very important role in studying severe weather in China and around the globe because of its unique characteristics. Moreover, the surface emissivities of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are also important for retrieving surface and atmospheric parameters. In the current study, a retrieval algorithm was developed to retrieve the surface emissivities of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The developed algorithm was derived from the radiative transfer model and was first validated using simulated data from a one-dimensional microwave simulator. The simulated results show good precision. Then, the surface emissivities of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were retrieved using brightness temperatures from the advanced microwave-scanning radiometer and atmospheric profile data from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer. Finally, the features of the time and space distribution of the retrieved results were analyzed. In terms of spatial characteristics, a spatial distribution con- sistency was found between the retrieved results and surface coverage types of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In terms of time characteristics, the changes in emissivity, which were within 0.01 for every day, were not evident within a one-month time scale. In addition, surface emissivities are sensitive to rainfall. The reasonability of the retrieved results indicates that the algorithm is feasible. A time-series surface emissivity database on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau can be built using the developed algorithm, and then other surface or atmospheric parameters would have high retrieval precision to support related geological re- search on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
基金Supported by Specific scientific research fund for doctoral points of higher learning institutions of Education Ministry,20094425110005State natural science fund,30772828+1 种基金Guangdong provincial natural science fund,07004846Project in sci-tech plan of sci-tech department of Guangdong province,2008B030301206
文摘OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the curative effect of acupuncture on post-stroke depression(PSD).METHODS:The internet was used to retrieve the Wanfang Medical Data System,Chinese Periodical Net,the Weipu Information Resources System,PubMed and the Cochrane Library Database.Relevant articles,up to September 2010,were manually retrieved.These papers included studies that had performed random and semi-random control trials for the use of acupuncture to treat PSD.Fifteen random control tests involving 1096 patients were included in this study and individual cases,interventional measures and curative effects were extracted from this research.Grade methodological quality evaluation and meta-analysis were performed on these studies.RESULTS:Comparison between the acupuncture group and the Western medicine group for the curative rate on PSD revealed an OR of 1.48,95% CI = [1.11 1.97] and P=0.008.Comparison of obviously effective rate shows that OR=1.39,95% CI=[1.08 1.80] and P=0.01.Comparison of effective rate showsthatOR=0.83,95%CI=[0.631.09]andP=0.18.CONCLUSION:Comparison between the acupuncture group and Western medicine group in treating PSD revealed that there is a statistical difference in curative rate and remarkably effective rate,but no difference in effective rate.
