A traditional-ordered Tibetan dictionary based on present Tibetan coded character sets (ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993 & GB16959-1997) is of hashing structure, and can make no effective index work because of lacking of orde...A traditional-ordered Tibetan dictionary based on present Tibetan coded character sets (ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993 & GB16959-1997) is of hashing structure, and can make no effective index work because of lacking of ordered internal coded character within computers. This paper establishes a transformational relationship between Tibetan letters and numerical codes with the supplement of analyzing the constructional rules of Tibetan words. According to the statistical analysis of syllabic distribution in a large Tibetan dictionary, we design a multi-level index optimizing project for dictionary data retrieval. The core content includes the idea of layer upon layer processing to the letters of basic consonants and vowels and the matching method based on code prefixes of words. At last we propose a concept of 揵ucket?to process the homographs encountered in data retrieval.展开更多
Three newly recorded species in the order Acerentomata in Protura from China are described:Filientomon duodecimsetosum Nakamura,2004,Verrucoentomon anatoli Shrubovych & Bernard,2012 and Verrucoentomon louisanne Sh...Three newly recorded species in the order Acerentomata in Protura from China are described:Filientomon duodecimsetosum Nakamura,2004,Verrucoentomon anatoli Shrubovych & Bernard,2012 and Verrucoentomon louisanne Shrubovych & Bernard,2012.The important morphological characters of Chinese specimens are described in detail.An updated key to Chinese Verrucoentomon species is provided.In addition,their DNA barcodes are sequenced and analyzed.展开更多
This paper presents a new method based on ontology formarion and fuzzy recognition of digital pictures. Ontology creation and doormat indexing are well-kown bottlenecks for integrating semantic services and for the Se...This paper presents a new method based on ontology formarion and fuzzy recognition of digital pictures. Ontology creation and doormat indexing are well-kown bottlenecks for integrating semantic services and for the Semantic Web, and thus the new method will be able to make automatic creation of the fish geometric ontology and automatic indexing to existing Semantic Web. Fuzzy set and fuzzy recognition are used to decide wheter a new fish picture belongs to an existing training set, here with the carp as an example. Training ing samples are used to set up fuzzy set and membership functions. The existing way of fish ontology formation can be integrated with the new method and the existing work for fish web can be used.展开更多
This paper reports six species of crane flies from Dayaoshan National Nature Reserve, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, including one new species, Indotipula jinxiuensis sp. nov. The males of Pselliophora guang...This paper reports six species of crane flies from Dayaoshan National Nature Reserve, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, including one new species, Indotipula jinxiuensis sp. nov. The males of Pselliophora guangxiensis Yang Yang, 1988 and Holorusia basiflava Yang Yang, 1993 and female of Pselliophora xanthopimplina Enderlein, 1921 are redescribed and illustrated with new morphological characters. The females of P. guangxiensis and H. basiflava are described and illustrated for the first time. A key for separating known species of Indotipula Edwards, 1931 from China is provided. DNA barcodes of all species in this study are provided and analyzed.展开更多
Unified Irrpossible Differential （UID） cryptanalysis is a systeimtic method for finding impossible differentials for block ciphers. Regarding to the problem of automatically retrieving the impossible differential ch...Unified Irrpossible Differential （UID） cryptanalysis is a systeimtic method for finding impossible differentials for block ciphers. Regarding to the problem of automatically retrieving the impossible differential characteristics of block ciphers, with the use of particular intermediate difference state expression, UID gets the same or better results compared with other present cryptanalysis results. ARIA is a Korean block cipher expecting that there are no impossible differentials on four or rmre rounds. Based on a property of the Diffusion layer （DL） of ARIA, a specific selection is used before conflict searching to optimize. UID is applied to ARIA, and 6 721 impossible differential chains are found. The length of those chains is four rounds, the same as eisting results, but more varied in form Moreover, ARIA is a Substitution-Penmtation Network （SPN）, not a Feistel structure or generalized Feistel structure as UID was applied to before.展开更多
Prospective memory (PM) refers to memory for future intentions.Difference due to memory (Dm effect) is the difference in neural activity related to stimuli that were subsequently remembered or forgotten.Using event-re...Prospective memory (PM) refers to memory for future intentions.Difference due to memory (Dm effect) is the difference in neural activity related to stimuli that were subsequently remembered or forgotten.Using event-related potentials (ERPs),the present study investigated the Dm effect for PM using a subsequent task-switching paradigm.The results showed that a Dm effect of ERP P150 was more positive-going for later PM hit trials than for later PM forgotten trials during 100–200 ms.This Dm effect may reflect the process for the production of future intention or the process for attention.Consistent with previously reported Dm effects of other types of memory,we found that the fbN2 (250–280 ms) and late positivity component (400–700 ms) were stronger in later PM hit trials than in forgotten trials.The fbN2 was evoked by Chinese characters.The late positivity component was related to the precise encoding process.In conclusion,because of the early P150,PM encoding appears to be somewhat different from previously identified Dm effects.However,further research is needed.Our findings reveal that Dm effects of PM share similar characteristics with known Dm effects of other types of episodic memory after the very early stage of neural processing.展开更多
文摘A traditional-ordered Tibetan dictionary based on present Tibetan coded character sets (ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993 & GB16959-1997) is of hashing structure, and can make no effective index work because of lacking of ordered internal coded character within computers. This paper establishes a transformational relationship between Tibetan letters and numerical codes with the supplement of analyzing the constructional rules of Tibetan words. According to the statistical analysis of syllabic distribution in a large Tibetan dictionary, we design a multi-level index optimizing project for dictionary data retrieval. The core content includes the idea of layer upon layer processing to the letters of basic consonants and vowels and the matching method based on code prefixes of words. At last we propose a concept of 揵ucket?to process the homographs encountered in data retrieval.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471958,31272298)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the CAS(2013183)the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology,CAS(2009DP17321409)
文摘Three newly recorded species in the order Acerentomata in Protura from China are described:Filientomon duodecimsetosum Nakamura,2004,Verrucoentomon anatoli Shrubovych & Bernard,2012 and Verrucoentomon louisanne Shrubovych & Bernard,2012.The important morphological characters of Chinese specimens are described in detail.An updated key to Chinese Verrucoentomon species is provided.In addition,their DNA barcodes are sequenced and analyzed.
基金supported by the Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University(No.2009JC004)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.Y2007G31)
文摘This paper presents a new method based on ontology formarion and fuzzy recognition of digital pictures. Ontology creation and doormat indexing are well-kown bottlenecks for integrating semantic services and for the Semantic Web, and thus the new method will be able to make automatic creation of the fish geometric ontology and automatic indexing to existing Semantic Web. Fuzzy set and fuzzy recognition are used to decide wheter a new fish picture belongs to an existing training set, here with the carp as an example. Training ing samples are used to set up fuzzy set and membership functions. The existing way of fish ontology formation can be integrated with the new method and the existing work for fish web can be used.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31300551)the Anhui Outstanding Young Talent Support Program(gxfx2017059)
文摘This paper reports six species of crane flies from Dayaoshan National Nature Reserve, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, including one new species, Indotipula jinxiuensis sp. nov. The males of Pselliophora guangxiensis Yang Yang, 1988 and Holorusia basiflava Yang Yang, 1993 and female of Pselliophora xanthopimplina Enderlein, 1921 are redescribed and illustrated with new morphological characters. The females of P. guangxiensis and H. basiflava are described and illustrated for the first time. A key for separating known species of Indotipula Edwards, 1931 from China is provided. DNA barcodes of all species in this study are provided and analyzed.
基金Acknowledgements This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Ccant No.61073149 the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant No. 20090073110027.
文摘Unified Irrpossible Differential （UID） cryptanalysis is a systeimtic method for finding impossible differentials for block ciphers. Regarding to the problem of automatically retrieving the impossible differential characteristics of block ciphers, with the use of particular intermediate difference state expression, UID gets the same or better results compared with other present cryptanalysis results. ARIA is a Korean block cipher expecting that there are no impossible differentials on four or rmre rounds. Based on a property of the Diffusion layer （DL） of ARIA, a specific selection is used before conflict searching to optimize. UID is applied to ARIA, and 6 721 impossible differential chains are found. The length of those chains is four rounds, the same as eisting results, but more varied in form Moreover, ARIA is a Substitution-Penmtation Network （SPN）, not a Feistel structure or generalized Feistel structure as UID was applied to before.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30870760)Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20101108110004)the Key Foundation of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (Grant No. KZ201010028029)
文摘Prospective memory (PM) refers to memory for future intentions.Difference due to memory (Dm effect) is the difference in neural activity related to stimuli that were subsequently remembered or forgotten.Using event-related potentials (ERPs),the present study investigated the Dm effect for PM using a subsequent task-switching paradigm.The results showed that a Dm effect of ERP P150 was more positive-going for later PM hit trials than for later PM forgotten trials during 100–200 ms.This Dm effect may reflect the process for the production of future intention or the process for attention.Consistent with previously reported Dm effects of other types of memory,we found that the fbN2 (250–280 ms) and late positivity component (400–700 ms) were stronger in later PM hit trials than in forgotten trials.The fbN2 was evoked by Chinese characters.The late positivity component was related to the precise encoding process.In conclusion,because of the early P150,PM encoding appears to be somewhat different from previously identified Dm effects.However,further research is needed.Our findings reveal that Dm effects of PM share similar characteristics with known Dm effects of other types of episodic memory after the very early stage of neural processing.
