An experimental platform accompanying with the improved Roberts algorithm has been developed to achieve accurate and real-time edge detection of surface defects on heavy rails.Detection results of scratching defects s...An experimental platform accompanying with the improved Roberts algorithm has been developed to achieve accurate and real-time edge detection of surface defects on heavy rails.Detection results of scratching defects show that the improved Roberts operator can attain accurate positioning to defect contour and get complete edge information.Meanwhile,a decreasing amount of interference noises as well as more precise characteristic parameters of the extracted defects can also be confirmed for the improved algorithm.Furthermore,the BP neural network adopted for defects classification with the improved Roberts operator can obtain the target training precision with 98 iterative steps and time of 2s while that of traditional Roberts operator is 118 steps and 4s.Finally,an enhanced defects identification rate of 13.33%has also been confirmed after the Roberts operator is improved.The proposed detecting platform will be positive in producing high-quality heavy rails and guaranteeing the national transportation safety.展开更多
本文采用Bootstrap rolling window检验法,利用1953—2013年的全样本和1969—2013年的子样本研究中国碳排放和经济增长间的动态因果关系。研究发现:(1)1969—2013年碳排放和经济增长间存在多样的因果关系:1983年和2002年存在经济增长到...本文采用Bootstrap rolling window检验法,利用1953—2013年的全样本和1969—2013年的子样本研究中国碳排放和经济增长间的动态因果关系。研究发现:(1)1969—2013年碳排放和经济增长间存在多样的因果关系:1983年和2002年存在经济增长到碳排放的单向因果关系;1999—2001年经济增长和碳排放存在双向因果关系;2003—2004年存在碳排放到经济增长的单向因果关系;其他时期不存在因果关系。(2)在存在因果关系的年份中,碳排放与经济增长的相互影响是动态的:碳排放对GDP的影响在1999—2001年间是正向的,而在2003—2004年间是负向的;GDP对碳排放在1983年和2000—2002年间存在正向影响,1999年存在负向影响。总而言之,经济增长与碳排放不存在必然的因果关系。低碳排放也可保持高经济增长。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51174151)Major Scientific Research Projects of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(No.2010Z19003)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Hubei Province(No.2010CDB03403)Student Research Fund of WUST(No.14ZRB047)
文摘An experimental platform accompanying with the improved Roberts algorithm has been developed to achieve accurate and real-time edge detection of surface defects on heavy rails.Detection results of scratching defects show that the improved Roberts operator can attain accurate positioning to defect contour and get complete edge information.Meanwhile,a decreasing amount of interference noises as well as more precise characteristic parameters of the extracted defects can also be confirmed for the improved algorithm.Furthermore,the BP neural network adopted for defects classification with the improved Roberts operator can obtain the target training precision with 98 iterative steps and time of 2s while that of traditional Roberts operator is 118 steps and 4s.Finally,an enhanced defects identification rate of 13.33%has also been confirmed after the Roberts operator is improved.The proposed detecting platform will be positive in producing high-quality heavy rails and guaranteeing the national transportation safety.
文摘本文采用Bootstrap rolling window检验法,利用1953—2013年的全样本和1969—2013年的子样本研究中国碳排放和经济增长间的动态因果关系。研究发现:(1)1969—2013年碳排放和经济增长间存在多样的因果关系:1983年和2002年存在经济增长到碳排放的单向因果关系;1999—2001年经济增长和碳排放存在双向因果关系;2003—2004年存在碳排放到经济增长的单向因果关系;其他时期不存在因果关系。(2)在存在因果关系的年份中,碳排放与经济增长的相互影响是动态的:碳排放对GDP的影响在1999—2001年间是正向的,而在2003—2004年间是负向的;GDP对碳排放在1983年和2000—2002年间存在正向影响,1999年存在负向影响。总而言之,经济增长与碳排放不存在必然的因果关系。低碳排放也可保持高经济增长。
