基于帧差法与SURF匹配的异纤机棉流速度测量

针对异纤机输棉通道内棉流速度的不确定性导致其打击精度无法提高的问题,课题组提出了一种基于帧间差分法和SURF特征匹配算法相结合的混合棉速测量方法。首先,对采集到的棉团图像进行预处理,采用帧间差分法提取棉团边缘信息,得到分离的二值化棉花图像;其次,基于形态学操作对二值化图像进行腐蚀、膨胀运算,得到完整的待检测棉团信息;最后,通过SURF特征点匹配算法对2幅图像中的特征点进行匹配,计算相邻帧间同名点之间的像素距离,将像素距离转换为实际距离后,计算得到棉团运动速度。研究结果表明:与直接匹配相比,特征点数量减少了67.8%,无效匹配点对减少了97.47%,算法计算所得速度与直接计算所得速度误差低于4%。课题组提出的算法可以满足实际工业应用要求。

基于轻量级对称结构网络的棉花图像分割算法

棉纺产线中的自动化、数字化设备提高了产线的生产效率与质量,但在当前仍存在棉纺产线管道棉流中棉花状况难检测的问题。因此,结合棉纺产线中棉流图像的特征,提出了一种基于轻量级网络的分割方法(Light cotton-net)。网络基于一种对称编解码结构,通过优化卷积方式与上采样方法、设计特称提取结构,在保证分割精度在误差可接受范围内的同时大幅减少网络参数、提高网络预测速度。以异纤机中拍摄的棉流图像为数据集,加入随机偏移、缩放、亮度变换等数据增广操作。实验数据表明,在网络参数量6.0M(million),预测每张图片时间为35.328ms的情况下,模型的分精确度和召回率分别为96.63%和93.87%,模型分割精度基本与U-net网络等同,参数量约为其1/3,图像分割速度约为其5倍,模型对系统内存及算力的需求更低,更适合在工业设备上的部署。

精灵-6型异纤分拣机使用体会

为了解决纺织企业异纤纱疵的问题,介绍了精灵-6型异纤分拣机的结构原理及应用安装注意事项;并采用不同的方法测定该设备对异纤的清除效率,跟踪试验了异纤分拣机安装前后的使用效果。指出异纤分拣机是解决纺织厂异纤问题的有效途径,应合理选择安装位置,棉流速度保持在10 m/s^15 m/s;要发挥其最佳效果,其清除效率须保持在80%以上,同时应正确维护保养,定期调整棉流曲线状态。

棉纺厂原棉异纤清除技术探讨

探讨棉纺厂原棉异纤清除技术。分析了影响异纤机清除效率的主要原因;简单介绍了CS808型和CS809型棉花异纤清除机工作原理、单机安装方案和"一线两机"串联安装方案;分析了"一线两机"串联安装管道的补风调节方法。认为:"一线两机"串联安装方案是解决纺织厂异纤问题的一种比较有效的方法。

精灵-6型异纤分拣机的应用

介绍了精灵-6型异纤分拣机分拣异纤的原理、主要结构、工艺流程及安装位置,探讨其使用效果;通过多次在棉流入口投有色纸拣杂率的测试,表明废棉箱异纤清除率为80%～92%、拆卷异纤清除率为50%～70%,属于正常水平;指出日常生产中要注意异纤分拣机对"三色线"的重合检查调整及清洁、维护。

Effect of Agricultural Land Reform on Cotton Cultivation in Manasi,XinJiang Based on Reformed Farmers

[Objective] The paper was to study the effect of agricultural land reform on cotton cultivation in Manasi, XinJiang based on reformed farmers. [Method] Rural land contract management rights transfer of rural household in Manasi County of Xinjiang Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture were surveyed in August, 2011. Based on the survey data, the paper analyzed the effect of agricultural land reform on cotton culti- vation from 2 aspects of cotton cultivation scale and benefit, and also studied the willingness of farmers for agricultural land reform. [Result] The main obstacle for farmer＇s unwillingness of continuous land reform for cotton cultivation was that the cotton cultivation risk was big, and the benefit could not be guaranteed. The agricul- tural land area per household increased after agricultural land reform, which increased the modernization progress of cotton cultivation. It also increased the benefit of cotton cultivation, and further affected the benefit of cotton cultivation. [Conclusion] The study provided reference for improving scale cotton cultivation efficacy in Xinjiang.

Analysis of Static Pressure in Area between Back Plate and Cylinder of a Carding Machine with CFD

To analyze static pressure between back plate and cylinder in an A186 carding machine,a fluid model is established. The model takes into account static pressure of airflow near back plate with the numerical simulation method of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in FLUENT software. The result of the simulation in the model shows that static pressure in this area quickly increases to its maximum then rapidly decreases to a lower fixed value from inlet to outlet along a zone between back plate and cylinder. Both rotating speeds of the cylinder and the taker-in affect static pressure from the inlet to the outlet,of which the cylinder rotating speed has more influence than that of taker-in. Numerical simulations reveal that static pressure on surface of back plate are in good agreement with the former result of experimental analysis.

Preliminary studies on differential defense responses induced during plant communication

We compared the expression patterns of three representative genes in undamaged tomato and tobacco plants in response to exposure to either tomato or tobacco fed on by Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm). When tomato and tobacco, two species of one family, were incubated in the chambers with the tomato plants damaged by the cotton bollworm, the expression of the PR1, BGL2, and PAL genes was up-regulated in leaves of both plants. However, the levels of gene expression were significantly higher in the tomato than that in the tobacco. In addition, the activities of enzymes, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and lipoxygenase were found to be higher in the tomato than those in the tobacco. Similar results were obtained when the damaged plants were replaced by the tobacco.

Comparison of the Vortex and Ring Spun Cotton Yarns and Their Knitted Fabric Properties

Vortex spinning is an innovative air-jet spinning technology with promising features.A comparison of the vortex and ring spun cotton yarns and their knitted fabric properties was provided to evaluate the latent capability of the vortex spinning technology.The results show that the vortex yarn has better elongation,evenness and much less hairiness than the ring yarn.The vortex fabric is found to have better air permeability,bursting properties,and pilling resistance than the ring fabric,while the drapeability and abrasion resistance of the ring fabric are better than the vortex fabric.

Study of Rotor Spun Basofil/Cotton Blended Yarn Quality Characteristics during Optimisation of Processing Parameters

Yarn quality characteristics are affected by processing parameters. A 36 tex rotor spun yarn of 50/50 Basofil/ cotton （B/C） blended yarn was spun, and the spinning process optimised for rotor speed, opening roller speed and twist factor. Selected yarn characteristics were studied during the optimization process. During the optimizations process yarn elongation and hairiness reduced with increase in rotor speed. Tenacity increased with increase of rotor speed. The increase in TF caused tenacity and CV of count to increase up to a peak and then started to decrease with further increase of TF.While TF caused an increase in yarn hairiness, elongation decreased to a minimum level and then started to increase with further increase of TF. CV of count and hairiness increased with increase in opening roller speed, but tenacity and elongation decreased with increase in opening roller speed. The optimization process yielded the optimum levels for rotor speed, opening roller speed and twist factor （TF） as 45,000 rpm, 6,500 rpm and 450 respectively. As per uster Standards the optimum yam showed good results for CV of count, CV of tenacity and thin places/km.

Evolution of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer Application Rates in Cotton Fields and Its Influences on Cotton Yield in the Yangtze River Valley

[Objective] The historical evolution pattern of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P） and potassium （K） fertilizer application rate and its effects on lint cotton yield were explored to provide the theoretical basis for reasonable fertilizer management strate-gy in the cotton planting region of the Yangtze River Val ey. [Method] GGE biplot analysis method was adopted to analyze the correlation among N, P and K fertilizer application rate and lint cotton yield with the dataset of national cotton regional trials of the Yangtze River Val ey during 1991-2013. The linear and nonlinear regression analysis method was used to reveal the evolution of the fertilizer applying patterns, and analyze the effects of N, P, K application rates on cotton lint yield. [Result] The application rates of N, P and K fertilizer presented highly significant positive corre-lation with lint cotton yield, among which the potassium fertilizer was the strongest relative factor with lint cotton yield, fol owed by phosphorus fertilizer, while nitrogen fertilizer was the weakest factor. The application rate of nitrogen fertilizer was relat-ed with the test year in the pattern of a quadratic function, while phosphate and potassium had progressive increase linear relation with the test year in the cotton planting region of the Yangtze River Val ey. Meanwhile, cotton lint yield was in re-sponse to nitrogen fertilizer content increase with a quadratic parabola function, and increased with the applying phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer content with linearly increasing function. [Conclusion] The increasing application amount of N, P and K fertilizer was general y beneficial to cotton yield improvements, however, ex-orbitant applying nitrogen fertilizer was unfavorable for cotton production, and a reasonable mixture formula of N, P and K fertilizer was better in terms of cotton yield-increasing effect.

Evaluation on the High Yielding, Stability and Comprehensive Performances of Check Cultivars in National Cotton Regional Trials in the Yangtze River Valley

[Objective] This study was to analyze the high yielding, stability, adaptabil-ity and main characteristics of check cultivars in national cotton regional trials in the Yangtze River Val ey in 2000-2013, with the aim to provide theoretical basis for the reasonable selection of check cultivars for cotton regional trials. [Method] GGE biplot analysis method was used to carry out the intensive analysis and comprehensive comparisons on the performances and differences of the 9 major characters of check cultivars, namely, lint cotton yield , stability, and other main traits including bol weight, bol number, lint percentage, fiber length, fiber strength, micronaire val-ue, plant height and seed index. [Result] Ezamian 10 was suitable in the majority of cotton planting regions in the Yangtze River Val ey, with the best high yielding abili-ty and perfect yield stability. The yielding ability of Xiangzamian 8 ranked the sec-ond, but its stability was the poorest. Xiangzamian 8 was of the specific adaptive cultivar with relatively good performance in high yielding but the poorest stability. The suitable planting areas of Xiangzamian 8 were limited to the cotton planting re-gion around Dongting Lake in Hunan province, Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province, the Coastal region in Jiangsu Province and Wuhan district in Hubei Province. Xi-angzamian 2 performanced poorer in both yielding and stability, while Simian 3 ranked first in stability but the last in yielding ability. The dominant character of Xi-angzamian 8 and Xiangzamian 2 were high cotton plants and big bol s. Simian 3 performanced super in lint percentage and fiber length. Ezamian 10 was strong in cotton bol formation ability, lint cotton yielding, fiber strength and seed size, as wel as high micronaire value. [Conclusion] The outstanding performance of Ezamian 10 in high and stable yield in the Yangtze River Val ey in recent years has effectively promoted the high yielding ability of candidate varieties in cotton regional trials in the area.