沸石、凹凸棒石黏土对肉鸡抗氧化性能和组织胆固醇的影响

选用1日龄AA肉鸡240羽,随机分成4组。第1组为对照组,第2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加5%沸石、5%凹凸棒石黏土、5%改性凹凸棒石黏土,研究沸石、凹凸棒石黏土和改性凹凸棒石黏土对肉鸡抗氧化性能和组织胆固醇含量的影响。结果表明:日粮中分别添加5%的沸石、5%凹凸棒石黏土和5%改性凹凸棒石黏土均能显著提高血浆中SOD酶活性和降低血浆中MDA含量(P<0.05),不同程度的提高血浆中GSH-Px酶、肝脏中SOD酶活性和降低肝脏中MDA和胆固醇含量。

棒节石斛中的多糖分布及提取工艺研究

为了比较棒节石斛茎和叶中多糖的含量,采用苯酚-硫酸法对棒节石斛茎和叶中水溶性多糖含量进行了测定。同时采用正交试验设计法,以提取多糖的质量为评价指标,综合考虑影响多糖提取的因素,对水提醇沉法提取棒节石斛茎中多糖工艺进行了优化。结果表明,石斛茎中的多糖含量高于叶中多糖含量,其中茎中多糖含量9.60%,叶中多糖含量6.03%。优化后的较佳工艺条件为:温度95℃,提取时间2.5 h,pH值8,料液比1∶40,乙醇浓度90%。按优化后工艺,石斛多糖提取率为60.6%。

石棒绣线菊对小鼠中枢神经系统的影响

石棒绣线菊水提物有镇静、镇痛、抗惊厥的中枢抑制作用。

石棒绣线菊对家鸽动脉粥样硬化及动物血清胆固醇含量的影响

石棒绣线菊(Spiraea media Schmidt)为蒿薇科绣钱菊亚科绣线菊属植物,主要分布于我国东北、华北、西北、苏联、中亚和东南欧等地的多石山区。国内外文献中仅记载其叶片中含大量维生素C(约311.1～164.3mg%),可治疗胃肠道、妇科疾病,对其药理作用及化学成分无详细研究报道,我省东部山区居民常采摘其叶代茶饮用。据了解,该区不仅人均寿龄高,且极少流行疾病及发生地方病。为此,我们将石棒绣线菊对家鸽动脉粥样硬化形成及动物血清胆固醇含量的影响进行了研究。动物:家鸽、鹌鹑、大鼠、乳幼大鼠、小鼠。药物及仪器:石棒绣线菊(100%水煎剂)、泽泻(500%醇提物);722光栅分光光度仪。

Synthesis, Characterization and Luminescent Properties of La2Zr2OT：Eu3＋ Nanorods

The Eu3＋-doped La2Zr207 phosphor with rod-like morphology was successfully synthesized by conventional solid state reaction and hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectra were employed to charac- terize its structure and morphology as well as luminescent properties. The results indicated that the red-emitting phosphor La2Zr207：Eu3＋ had well crystallized and belonged to the cubic structure with space group of Fd3m. The as-obtained product mainly appeared as straight nanorods with an average diameter of 47 nm and length of 50-700 nm. The pos- sible growth mechanism was also discussed. It was found that under blue excitation with a wavelength of 466 nm, the La2Zr2OT：Eu3＋ phosphor exhibited a characteristic red emission at 616 nm that was attributed to the hypersensitive 5D0--＊TF2 electric dipole transition of Eu3＋ ions. Meanwhile, it was more interesting to note that the emission of 5D1--＊TFj （J=0, 1, 2） transitions and the splitting patterns of 5D0---＋TFJ （J--l, 2, 4） transitions of Eu3＋ ions can be observed in the luminescent spectra of La2Zr207：Eu3＋. It was demonstrated that Eu3＋ preferred to occupy a low symmetry site.

Synthesis of C-Cl-codoped titania/attapulgite composites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity

We demonstrate the synthesis of C-Cl-codoped titania/attapulgite（TiO2/ATT） composites containing a mixture of TiO2 phases by a facile sol-gel method at 70 ℃ using titanium tetraisopropoxide as the TiO2 precursor and ATT as a support for the TiO2 nanoparticles.The photocatalytic activity of the C-Cl-codoped TiO2/ATT composites with mixed anatase/brookite/rutile phases obtained at pH= 3.0 was much higher than that of commercially available Degussa P25 for the photocatalytic degradation of acid red G under visible-light irradiation.The excellent photocatalytic activity of the developed composite originates from the nonmetal codoping,which extends the absorption edge of TiO2 into visible region,and the presence of multiple phases,which slow the recombination of photoexcited electron/hole pairs.The formation of hydroxyl radicals during the photocatalytic degradation process was detected by photoluminescence probing using terephthalic acid.A mechanism for photocatalysis over the C-Cl-codoped TiO2/ATT composites was proposed.

阿尔泰周边所见短柄石棒来源及功能蠡测

短柄石棒的分布西起额尔齐斯河与鄂毕河流域,东至米奴辛斯克盆地,北抵森林草原,南达中国新疆北部和蒙古西部。棒首主要雕刻马头、人头和公羊头。这个共有的文化习俗显示出,在这一广阔区域的不同族群(考古学文化)有较密切的交往。相较各地石棒出现的时间,鄂毕河与额尔齐斯河流域的石棒出现时间稍早,进而影响到南西伯利亚和新疆北部。鉴于圆雕马头石棒主要出自额尔齐斯河与鄂毕河流域,推测这一文化特质的出现与东欧草原的居民向乌拉尔山以东迁徙殖民有关,并将“马崇拜”习俗引入西伯利亚。短柄石棒的功能有可能为萨满的施法器具,也有可能作为氏族首领的权力象征。

河北省井陉县建材工业总公司 河北省井陉县钙镁工业总公司

公司简介 井陉县建材工业总公司、钙镁工业总公司属一套人马两个牌子的国有企业,位于河北省会石家庄以西40公里的井陉县城中心。拥有丰富的矿产资源及深加工能力。石太铁路、石太高速公路和307国道纵贯全县,交通运输极为方便。 公司是一个集生产、经营、服务于一体的综合型企业。拥有营业楼2座。

Thermal Oxidative Degradation and Ageing Performance of Silicone Rubber Filled with Attapulgite

The natural attapulgite(NAPT)was disaggregated by high-pressure homogenization technology combined with extrusion process to prepare the attapulgite with disaggregated rod crystal bundles(DAPT)and large specific surface area of 133.7 m^(2)/g.NAPT and DAPT were incorporated into the silicone rubber to obtain the composite NAPTSR and DAPT-SR by mechanical blending method,respectively.After thermal oxidative ageing at 300℃ for 0.5 h,temperature for the 5%weight loss increased greatly from 385℃ of the neat silicone rubber to 396-399℃ with addition of NAPT and DAPT.NAPT and DAPT enhanced the interaction between the filler nanoparticles and rubber matrix thus inhibited the nanoparticle agglomeration.The conservation rate of the side methyl group in NAPT-SR and DAPT-SR was greatly improved after ageing.Therefore,the thermal oxidative degradation and ageing performance of the silicone rubber composites was significantly reinforced.Moreover,DAPT could greatly restrain the growth of nanoparticles after ageing.Therefore,DAPT-SR showed the better retention of tensile strength(40.6%),elongation at break(34.9%)and tear strength(30.1%)compared with the corresponding mechanical properties of the neat silicone rubber(10.6%,7.4%,and 5.0%)after ageing.

Application of Modified Attapulgite Clay as the Adsorbent in Gasoline Desulfurization

Attapulgite clay is a kind of special silicate mineral with high adsorption capacity thanks to its loose structure and porous surface. In this paper, the attapulgite clay was treated effectively with acid under microwave thermal activation and ultrasonic vibration, respectively, and characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption, FT-IR and SEM. The desulfurization performance of the modified attapulgite clay was then evaluated by using simulated gasoline as the feed. The test results showed that the thiophene removal rate increased with an increasing dosage of hydrochloric acid during microwave modification of attapulgite clay. When the concentration of hydrochloric acid reached 15%, the increase of desulfurization rate became slower, and the desulfurization rate was about 69%.

Dynamic Adsorption of Microwave Modified Attapulgite on Micro-polluted Phenol Wastewater

[Objective] The paper was to study the dynamic adsorption of microwave modified attapulgite on micro-polluted phenol wastewater. [Method] Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （CATB） modified attapulgite was used to modify attapulgite, and conducted dynamic test on micro-polluted phenol wastewater. The dynamic charac- teristics of phenol removal were also studied. [Result] Attapulgite modified by CATB has strong adsorption ability on phenol in micro-polluted water, the phenol removal rate increased with the decrease of flow rate of wastewater. When pH value was 6- 8, phenol concentration in wastewater was 17.74 mg/L, flow rate was 2 m/s and ad- sorption time was 25 rain, the removal rate reached 93.07%. The modified atta- pulgite could be regenerated with alkali, and its adsorption ability after regeneration had no obvious decline. The dynamic adsorption process of phenol accorded with the first-order kinetic equation. [Conclusion] The study provided basis for further study on ＂organic matter removal in wastewater.

Enhancing the photocatalytic activity and photostability of zinc oxide nanorod arrays via graphitic carbon mediation

Low optical absorption and photocorrosion are two crucial issues limiting the practical applications of zinc oxide(ZnO)-based photocatalysts.In this paper,we report the fabrication of graphitic-carbon-mediated ZnO nanorod arrays(NRAs)with enhanced photocatalytic activity and photostability for CO2 reduction under visible light irradiation.ZnO NRA/C-x(x=005,01,02,and 03)nanohybrids are prepared by calcining pre-synthesized ZnO NRAs with different amounts of glucose(0.05,0.1,0.2,and 0.3 g)as a carbon source via a hydrothermal method.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that the obtained ZnO NRA/C-x nanohybrids are imparted with the effects of both carbon doping and carbon coating,as evidenced by the detected C-O-Zn bond and the C-C,C-O and C=O bonds,respectively.While the basic structure of ZnO remains unchanged,the UV-Vis absorption spectra show increased absorbance owing to the carbon doping effect in the ZnO NRA/C-x nanohybrids.The photoluminescence(PL)intensities of ZnO NRA/C-x nanohybrids are lower than that of bare ZnO NRA,indicating that the graphitic carbon layer coated on the surface of the ZnO NRA significantly enhances the charge carrier separation and transport,which in turn enhances the photoelectrochemical property and photocatalytic activity of the ZnO NRA/C-x nanohybrids for CO2 reduction.More importantly,a long-term reaction of photocatalytic CO2 reduction demonstrates that the photostability of ZnO NRA/C-x nanohybrids is significantly increased in comparison with the bare ZnO NRA.

Facile synthesis of single-crystalline rutile TiO_2 nano-rods by solution method

A convenient and scalable technique for the synthesis of rutile titanium dioxide(TiO2) nano-rods was presented by using bulk TiO2 powder, sodium hydroxide(NaOH) and distilled water as raw materials. X-ray diffraction(XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM) studies indicate that the prepared sample is crystalline and free from any impurities, however, it has no distinct shape and possesses a huge degree of agglomeration, and the average crystal size is around 40 nm. After annealing the sample at 600 °C for 2 h, it is observed through FESEM that nano-rods are formed. And XRD analysis shows that the nano-rods are single crystalline with distinct and smooth surfaces in different sizes with average length of about 1 μm and diameter of about 80 nm. Further UV-visible spectroscopy and Raman studies were conducted for the prepared sample and the band gap of the final product is found to be 3.40 eV.

Copper-modified palygorskite is effective in preventing and treating diarrhea caused by Salmonella typhimurium

The aim of this research was to develop effective alternative therapies to reduce antibiotic use in animal agriculture. In this study, the efficacy of copper-modified palygorskite（CM-Pal） in preventing diarrhea caused by Salmonella was specifically examined both in vitro and in vivo. The CM-Pal was prepared with palygorskite（Pal） and copper nitrate. The antibacterial activity of the CM-Pal was detected by comparing the differences in cell numbers on plate count agar before and after adding the CM-Pal to Salmonella typhimurium cultures. Seventy ICR mice were then allocated into seven groups. Five groups（the treatment groups） were infected with S. typhimurium by intraperitoneal（i.p.） injection and were given Pal, CM-Pal, montmorillonite powder, gentamicin, and physiological saline, respectively. One group（the prevention group） was given CM-Pal before infection with S. typhimurium. Another group（the uninfected group） was not infected with S. typhimurium. The effects of Pal, CM-Pal, montmorillonite powder, and gentamicin on the treatment or prevention of diarrhea in the mice were examined by stool studies, fecal scoring, and assessment of growth performance and villus height. The CM-Pal had satisfactory anti-bacterial properties in vitro： the antibacterial rate was 100% after 2 h incubation with S. typhimurium NJS1 cultures（1×10-6 colony-forming units（CFU）/ml）. In the in vivo experiment, the CM-Pal exerted superior effects in the treatment and prevention of diarrhea in mice compared with Pal, montmorillonite powder, and gentamicin. In the CM-Pal group, no mice showed signs of diarrhea at 24 h post infection（p.i.）, and all mice fully recovered from infection. However, the Pal group, montmorillonite group, and gentamicin group only recovered after 48, 48, and 96 h, respectively. The villus height level in the CM-Pal treatment group recovered at 3 d p.i. However, the recovery time of the other groups was longer（at least 5 d）. The CM-Pal prevention group had a better effect on weight gain than the other groups. This study suggested that CM-Pal may be an effective alternative to conventional antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of animal diarrhea caused by Salmonella.

The sorption mechanisms of Th(Ⅳ) on attapulgite

The surface properties of intrinsic and activated attapulgite were studied using potentiometric titration. The sorption mechanisms of Th（IV） on intrinsic and activated attapulgite were investigated by employing surface complexation model and FITEQL 3.2 code. The results indicated that the sorption sites of intrinsic attapulgite involved in the sorption process were main ion exchange site （ ≡ XNa/K）, strong site （≡ SsOH） and weak site （ ≡ SwOH）, while only strong site （ ≡SSOH） and weak site （≡SwOH） were predominant for activated attapulgite. At pH 〈 2.5, the species of Th（IV） was main Th4＋ in aqueous solution; then the hydrolysis species of Th（IV） （i.e., Th（OH）22＋, Th（OH）3＋ and Yh（OH）40） gradually formed as pH increasing. For the sorption of Th（IV） on intrinsic attapulgite, both ion exchange species （ ≡ X2Th） and inner-sphere surface complexes （ ≡ SsOTh） were dominant, while only inner-sphere surface complexes （i.e., ≡SSOThOH and ≡ SWOTh） were observed for Th（IV） sorption to activated attapulgite. In the presence of humic acid （HA）, the sorption of Th（IV） on activated attapulgite was obviously enhanced; and both ≡ SsOH-HA-Th and≡ SSOTh were the predominant speciation. It was also interesting to find that the addition of HA obviously provoked the desorption behavior of Th（IV）.

Selective Growth of ZnO Nanorods on SiO2/Si Substrates Using a Graphene Buffer Layer

A promising strategy for the selective growth of ZnO nanorods on SiO2/Si substrates using a graphene buffer layer in a low temperature solution process is described. High densities of ZnO nanorods were grown over a large area and most ZnO nanorods were vertically well-aligned on graphene. Furthermore, selective growth of ZnO nanorods on graphene was realized by applying a simple mechanical treatment, since ZnO nanorods formed on graphene are mechanically stable on an atomic level. These results were confirmed by first principles calculations which showed that the ZnO-graphene binding has a low destabilization energy. In addition, it was found that ZnO nanorods grown on SiO2/Si with a graphene buffer layer have better optical properties than ZnO nanorods grown on bare SiO2/Si. The nanostructured ZnO-graphene materials have promising applications in future flexible electronic and optical devices.