北半球针叶林最严重的森林病害是由广义的多年异担子菌(Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato)引起的干基白色腐朽病,但近年的研究表明多年异担子菌并不是单一的物种,目前在欧洲已分出3个独立的种,即原始多年异担子菌(Heterobasidion anno...北半球针叶林最严重的森林病害是由广义的多年异担子菌(Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato)引起的干基白色腐朽病,但近年的研究表明多年异担子菌并不是单一的物种,目前在欧洲已分出3个独立的种,即原始多年异担子菌(Heterobasidion annosum sensu stricto)、小孔异担子菌(Heterobasidion parviporum)和冷杉异担子菌(Heterobasidi-on abietinum),它们生物学习性、形态结构,生态学,寄主范围和发生区域均有差异。应用大伏革菌Phlebiopsisgigantea对该类病害进行生物防治是较好的方法。将中国东北和西南(云南)的异担子菌单孢菌株与欧洲的三种异担子菌进行交配,结果表明中国东北和西南地区的异担子菌与原始多年异担子菌无性亲和反应,而与小孔异担子菌有性融合反应,因此中国东北和西南地区的异担子菌是小孔异担子菌,目前中国并不存在原始多年异担子菌。由于原始多年异担子菌和冷杉异担子菌均为严重的森林病原菌,应将其作为对外检疫对象。展开更多
Wood-inhabiting fungi from Chengzishan and Binglashan Forest Park of Tieling, Liaoning Province,were investigated, and 70 species, belonging to 9 families in Basidiomycota, were found. Thirteen species,including Fomit...Wood-inhabiting fungi from Chengzishan and Binglashan Forest Park of Tieling, Liaoning Province,were investigated, and 70 species, belonging to 9 families in Basidiomycota, were found. Thirteen species,including Fomitiporia punctata, Funalia trogii, Ganoderma lipsiense, Inonotus hispidus, Inonotus radiatus,Inonotus pruinosus, Phylloporia ribis, Daedaleopsis confragosa, Oxyporus populinus, Pholiota squarrosa,Schizophyllum commone, Spongipellis spumeus, Trametes suaveolens are pathogens of living trees in thestudy area. A list of all species, including host(s) of each species, is given, and most of the species arereported for the first time in the province. The major elements of wood-inhabiting fungi in northernLiaoning are the species which are widely distributed in temperate forests. Almost no virgin forests werefound in Liaoning, therefore, the major part of the species is the common wood-inhabiting fungi, and onlya few rare species were found in the study area.展开更多
Aims The importance of density-dependent mortality in maintaining tree species diversity is widely accepted.However,density-dependent effects may vary in magnitude and direction with different abiotic conditions in fo...Aims The importance of density-dependent mortality in maintaining tree species diversity is widely accepted.However,density-dependent effects may vary in magnitude and direction with different abiotic conditions in forests.Theoretical predictions surmise that density-dependent effects may vary with soil available nitrogen(AN),but this still needs to be tested.Methods We analyzed the density-dependent effects on survival of newly germinated seedlings for 18 common species based on a long-term seedling census across environmental gradients in a subtropical forest.We also conducted a root lesion detection experiment for five species to investigate the potential effects of pathogens on variation in density-dependent disease between rich and poor AN environments.Important Findings The seedling dynamics analysis revealed that the strength of density-dependent effects increased with AN,shifting from neutral or positive with low AN to negative with high AN.Three of the five tree species had stronger density-dependent effects on root lesions in rich AN environments than in poor AN environments,which is consistent with the results of a long-term seedling dynamics analysis.We also found higher species diversity in rich AN environments,which may be promoted by the stronger negative density-dependent effects.Both the seedling dynamic analysis and root lesion detection experiment revealed stronger negative density-dependent effects in higher AN environment,resulting from stronger disease pressure by soil pathogens.Our study emphasized the importance of considering context dependence when testing the density dependence hypotheses.展开更多
文摘北半球针叶林最严重的森林病害是由广义的多年异担子菌(Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato)引起的干基白色腐朽病,但近年的研究表明多年异担子菌并不是单一的物种,目前在欧洲已分出3个独立的种,即原始多年异担子菌(Heterobasidion annosum sensu stricto)、小孔异担子菌(Heterobasidion parviporum)和冷杉异担子菌(Heterobasidi-on abietinum),它们生物学习性、形态结构,生态学,寄主范围和发生区域均有差异。应用大伏革菌Phlebiopsisgigantea对该类病害进行生物防治是较好的方法。将中国东北和西南(云南)的异担子菌单孢菌株与欧洲的三种异担子菌进行交配,结果表明中国东北和西南地区的异担子菌与原始多年异担子菌无性亲和反应,而与小孔异担子菌有性融合反应,因此中国东北和西南地区的异担子菌是小孔异担子菌,目前中国并不存在原始多年异担子菌。由于原始多年异担子菌和冷杉异担子菌均为严重的森林病原菌,应将其作为对外检疫对象。
文摘Wood-inhabiting fungi from Chengzishan and Binglashan Forest Park of Tieling, Liaoning Province,were investigated, and 70 species, belonging to 9 families in Basidiomycota, were found. Thirteen species,including Fomitiporia punctata, Funalia trogii, Ganoderma lipsiense, Inonotus hispidus, Inonotus radiatus,Inonotus pruinosus, Phylloporia ribis, Daedaleopsis confragosa, Oxyporus populinus, Pholiota squarrosa,Schizophyllum commone, Spongipellis spumeus, Trametes suaveolens are pathogens of living trees in thestudy area. A list of all species, including host(s) of each species, is given, and most of the species arereported for the first time in the province. The major elements of wood-inhabiting fungi in northernLiaoning are the species which are widely distributed in temperate forests. Almost no virgin forests werefound in Liaoning, therefore, the major part of the species is the common wood-inhabiting fungi, and onlya few rare species were found in the study area.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31830010,31870403,31770466 and 31500334)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Project No.2017YFA0605100)the Zhang-Hongda Science Foundation of SYSU.
文摘Aims The importance of density-dependent mortality in maintaining tree species diversity is widely accepted.However,density-dependent effects may vary in magnitude and direction with different abiotic conditions in forests.Theoretical predictions surmise that density-dependent effects may vary with soil available nitrogen(AN),but this still needs to be tested.Methods We analyzed the density-dependent effects on survival of newly germinated seedlings for 18 common species based on a long-term seedling census across environmental gradients in a subtropical forest.We also conducted a root lesion detection experiment for five species to investigate the potential effects of pathogens on variation in density-dependent disease between rich and poor AN environments.Important Findings The seedling dynamics analysis revealed that the strength of density-dependent effects increased with AN,shifting from neutral or positive with low AN to negative with high AN.Three of the five tree species had stronger density-dependent effects on root lesions in rich AN environments than in poor AN environments,which is consistent with the results of a long-term seedling dynamics analysis.We also found higher species diversity in rich AN environments,which may be promoted by the stronger negative density-dependent effects.Both the seedling dynamic analysis and root lesion detection experiment revealed stronger negative density-dependent effects in higher AN environment,resulting from stronger disease pressure by soil pathogens.Our study emphasized the importance of considering context dependence when testing the density dependence hypotheses.
