森林资源动态监测调查方法的分析

森林是人类社会发展进程中不可缺少的自然资源,在生态系统平衡稳定发展中扮演着重要的角色。近年来,我国社会主义现代化建设进入高质量发展阶段,五位一体建设格局转向新的发展台阶,将生态环境保护提升到重要的战略地位,做好森林资源的动态监测工作,是实现森林资源可持续健康发展的重要举措。社会经济形势发生了深刻的变化,科学技术和信息技术发展日新月异,传统的森林资源调查方式逐渐难以满足当前逐渐复杂化的林业工作,亟需引入先进的动态监测技术,推动森林资源调查工程顺应时代发展变化,实现现代化、信息化、标准化发展。本文尝试从完善基础设施建设、利用动态监测平台、运用先进的监测方法、加强动态监测队伍建设以及构建动态监测保障机制等方面提出具体的应用策略,希望为推动森林资源调查方法融入动态监测提供一些思路。

森林调查规划设计的方法与技术应用

近年来,我国的综合国力和国际地位有很大的提升,我国的经济水平也在不断地发展,但是随着环境污染问题的出现,人们对于生态保护方面更加关注。促进生态经济平衡发展是我国目前整体发展中非常重要的理念。因此,当生态保护在不断受到人们重视的情况下,我国的森林覆盖面积越来越广。但由于人们对森林资源的保护意识相对较弱,很多森林资源遭到威胁。对此,我们要对森林产业结构进行调整,要对森林资源的数量、种类、质量、生长等情况进行全面了解和掌握,提出有针对性和建设性的管理方案。本文主要对森林资源调查规划工作的方法进行介绍,并结合相关技术知识,分析其应用情况。

试论生态分类系统在我国数字林业建设中的应用

我国传统森林区划中,二类小班和三类小班两类小班体系同时存在,二者在空间上不一致;即使是同一小班体系,先后两次调查结果也不相同,不利于应用数字技术制定长期的森林管理计划.本文以辽宁东部山区为例,建立生态分类系统(ecological classification system,ECS),共得到5类生态土地类型(ecological land type,ELT),34类生态土地类型相(ecological land type phase,ELTP).以ELTP作为固定小班,设计了一致性森林资源调查方法,解决了我国数字林业建设中的基础技术问题.以生态分类系统和空间信息技术为依托的生态系统管理方法,加上计算机模型和辅助决策界面的支持,构成了数字林业的基本框架.

Combining Geomatics and Conventional Methods for Monitoring Forest Conditions under Different Governance Arrangements

This study employed an innovative meth- odological framework that combines geomatics and conventional survey methods to monitor changes in forest conditions and examine their associations with local forest governance parameters in a mountain watershed covering 153.3 km2 in the middle moun- tains of Nepal. The study involved two spatial scales and analytical steps. First, geomatics techniques were used to map and detect changes in major land cover types in the watershed between 1976 and 2000 and to analyze relationships between forest cover changes and governance arrangements. This was followed by micro-level analysis of the relationships between the biological conditions of selected forests within the watershed and their governance arrangements, using conventional survey methods and analytical tools. The findings show that forest cover in the watershed in- creased by about 15 per cent during the period. The rate of increase in forest cover was highest in areas under a semi-government type of governance ar- rangement, while the community forests were gener- ally better in terms of current biological conditions compared to the semi-government forests. This in- consistency between the findings from the two analy- ses does not allow us to draw any firm conclusions regarding the role of property rights in determining forest condition, but it indicates that the outcomes of local forest management initiatives may be more de-pendent on local institutional arrangements regulat- ing forest use and maintenance of forest resources than on the type of property rights arrangements. The findings also provide evidence of the methodological suitability of the research approach adopted, which may be useful for addressing many other research questions related to forestry and natural resources management, particularly those involving multiple spatial scales.