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土壤修复,还需“多头并举”
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作者 赵丽蓉 戴禧慈 《西部大开发》 2015年第5期49-55,共7页
人多地少、耕地质量总体偏低、后备资源相对匮乏,是我们的基本国情。18亿亩耕地底线能不能守住?现状不容乐观,前景更是令人堪忧。修复我们美丽的家园,已经是迫在眉睫。目前面临土壤修复要建立、完善覆盖国土、农业、环境等各领域的土壤... 人多地少、耕地质量总体偏低、后备资源相对匮乏,是我们的基本国情。18亿亩耕地底线能不能守住?现状不容乐观,前景更是令人堪忧。修复我们美丽的家园,已经是迫在眉睫。目前面临土壤修复要建立、完善覆盖国土、农业、环境等各领域的土壤污染监测体系和管理体制,实施土壤污染的行政问责制度,谋求在全国范围治理土壤污染的治本之策。 展开更多
关键词 土壤 土壤污染 耕地质量 行政问责制度 污染监测 国土资源 生态补偿 管理体制 土壤退化 植物修
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NTA对玉米体内Cu Zn的积累及化学形态的影响 被引量:14
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作者 周建民 党志 +2 位作者 陈能场 徐胜光 谢志宜 《农业环境科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第2期453-457,共5页
在重金属污染土壤的植物修复研究中,人工合成络合剂被广泛用来提高植物提取效率。通过向多金属复合污染土壤中加入氨三乙酸(NTA)进行螯合诱导植物提取的研究,并运用化学试剂逐步提取法研究了NTA对玉米根、茎和叶中Cu、Zn化学形态分布的... 在重金属污染土壤的植物修复研究中,人工合成络合剂被广泛用来提高植物提取效率。通过向多金属复合污染土壤中加入氨三乙酸(NTA)进行螯合诱导植物提取的研究,并运用化学试剂逐步提取法研究了NTA对玉米根、茎和叶中Cu、Zn化学形态分布的影响。结果表明,Cu和Zn在玉米体内化学形态分布特征与其吸收和富集重金属能力密切相关,NTA能显著促进Cu和Zn在玉米体内的吸收和积累并且影响重金属化学形态的分布。玉米根中,Cu和Zn以水提取态为主,有利于金属离子从根部向地上部迁移;在茎和叶中,以氯化钠提取态、醋酸提取态和水提取态为主要形态,以多种有机螯合物的形式存在,是其耐受重金属毒性的重要机理之一。 展开更多
关键词 NTA 铜和锌 化学形态 玉米 植物修
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Feasibility of enhanced phytoextraction of Zn contaminated soil with Zn mobilizing and plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria 被引量:13
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作者 龙新宪 陈雪梅 +2 位作者 黄焕忠 卫泽斌 吴启堂 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第8期2389-2396,共8页
Three bacterial endophytes of Sedum alfredii, VI8L2, II8L4 and VI8R2, were examined for promoting soil Zn bioavailability and Zn accumulation in S. alfredii. Results showed that three strains were re-introduced into S... Three bacterial endophytes of Sedum alfredii, VI8L2, II8L4 and VI8R2, were examined for promoting soil Zn bioavailability and Zn accumulation in S. alfredii. Results showed that three strains were re-introduced into S. alfredii rhizosphere soils under Zn stress and resulted in better plant growth, as roots biomass increased from 80% to 525% and shoot biomass from 11% to 47% compared with the uninoculated ones. Strains IVsLz, II8L4 and IVsR2 significantly increased shoot and root Zn concentrations in the ZnCO3 contaminated soil. Inoculation with strain IVsL2 resulted in 44% and 39% higher shoot and root Zn concentrations, while strain IV8R2 significantly decreased shoot Zn concentration in the Zn3(PO4)2 contaminated soils. In the aged contaminated soil, isolates IVsL2, IIsL4 and IVsR2 significantly increased root Zn concentration, but decreased shoot Zn concentration of Sedum alfredii. It suggested that endophytes might be used for enhancing phytoextraction efficiency. 展开更多
关键词 endophytic bacteria ZN BIOAVAILABILITY PHYTOREMEDIATION Sedum alfredii
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Effect of amendments on growth and metal uptake of giant reed(Arundo donax L.) grown on soil contaminated by arsenic,cadmium and lead 被引量:6
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作者 杨淼 肖细元 +2 位作者 苗旭峰 郭朝晖 王凤永 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第6期1462-1469,共8页
The effects of five amendments such as acetic acid(AA), citric acid (CA), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), sepiolite and phosphogypsum on growth and metal uptake of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) grown o... The effects of five amendments such as acetic acid(AA), citric acid (CA), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), sepiolite and phosphogypsum on growth and metal uptake of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) grown on soil contaminated by arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were studied. The results showed that the shoot biomass of giant reed was enhanced by 24.8% and 15.0%, while superoxide mutase and catalase activities slightly varied when adding 5.0 mmol/kg CA and 2.5 mol/kg EDTA to soil as compared to the control, respectively. The concentrations of As, Cd and Pb in shoots were remarkably increased by the addition of 2.5 mmol/kg AA and CA, 5.0 mmol/kg EDTA, and 4.0 g/kg sepiolite as compared to the control. The accumulations of As and Cd were also significantly enhanced in the above condition, while the shoot Pb accumulation was noticeably enhanced by amending with 4.0 g/kg sepiolite and 8.0 g/kg phosphogysum, respectively. The results suggested that AA, CA and sepiolite could be used as optimum soil amendments for giant reed remediation system. 展开更多
关键词 PHYTOREMEDIATION giant reed soil amendments heavy metal contaminated soil metal uptake
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Research Progress of Phytoremediation Technology on Soils Polluted by Heavy Metals in Mining Areas 被引量:6
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作者 王莹 向准 +2 位作者 贺红早 任春光 孙超 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第10期2133-2136,共4页
Phytoremediation is an efficient and economic ecological technology. It includes phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, and plant absorption. In the research, status quo and progress of Phytostabilization and plant ... Phytoremediation is an efficient and economic ecological technology. It includes phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, and plant absorption. In the research, status quo and progress of Phytostabilization and plant absorption in soils polluted with heavy metals in metal mines were summarized, including the characteristics and status quo of phytoremediation and selection method of hyperaccumulator. In addition, further research was proposed as well. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy metals Poliuted soils PHYTOREMEDIATION HYPERACCUMULATOR
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Research on Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Pollution in River Sediment by Medicago sativa L. 被引量:2
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作者 吴卿 高亚洁 +1 位作者 李东梅 赵彩云 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2011年第12期1885-1888,共4页
[Objective] The aim was to study the phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution in river sediment by Medicago sativa L.,so as to provide reliable references for the phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution in river se... [Objective] The aim was to study the phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution in river sediment by Medicago sativa L.,so as to provide reliable references for the phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution in river sediment.[Method] The air-dried,screened and mixed sediment was put in rectangular PVC box(0.6 m×0.5 m×0.4 m) with seepage vent at the bottom,and the water holding capacity(WHC) of sediment was kept at 30%-60% by deionized water.The seeds of Medicago sativa L.were sown in April 2010,and seedlings were thinned after 7 d.Samples were collected from rhizosphere soil every 30 d,and were used to determine the content of heavy metals,bacteria quantity and enzyme activity in sediment.In addition,the accumulation of heavy metals in the roots,stems and leaves of plant was measured after harvest in October.[Result] Different parts of Medicago sativa L.varied in accumulation capacity to different heavy metals.The accumulation amount of Zn in Medicago sativa L.was the highest,especially in roots.Meanwhile,the accumulation amount of heavy metals like Ni,Cr,Cu and Pb in roots was higher than that of stems and leaves.In contrast,Mn was mainly accumulated in leaves and its amount accounted for 42.47% of the total amount in plant.Besides,the accumulation amount of all heavy metals was the lowest in stems.Ni,Cr,Cu and Pb could be degraded more effectively than Mn,and increasing the planting time and sowing times of crop was beneficial to the degradation of heavy metals.After planted Medicago sativa L.,the quantity of microorganisms in sediment went up obviously,and dehydrogenase activity also showed an increaseing trend.[Conclusion] Medicago sativa L.has certain restoring effect on Zn,Ni,Cr,Cu and Pb,and could be used to restore heavy metal pollution in river sediment. 展开更多
关键词 Medicago sativa L. Heavy metal PHYTOREMEDIATION
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Accumulation Characteristics of Cd in Polygonum pubescens Bl 被引量:1
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作者 邓华 李明顺 +1 位作者 陈英旭 于方明 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第3期135-138,共4页
[Objective] The research aimed to study the response and accumulation characteristics of Cd in Polygonum pubescens Bl.[Method] Taking Hoagland nutritional solution as the culture substrate,eight kinds of Cd concentrat... [Objective] The research aimed to study the response and accumulation characteristics of Cd in Polygonum pubescens Bl.[Method] Taking Hoagland nutritional solution as the culture substrate,eight kinds of Cd concentrations (0,25,50,100,200,500,800,1 000 mg/L) were set up.[Result] Under low concentrations of Cd (25 and 50 mg/L),the biomass of P.pubescens had no significant difference with CK (P0.05).Under all the test concentrations of Cd,Cd content in the roots and shoots of P.pubescens exceeded 100 mg/kg and the enrichment coefficients of Cd were over 1.With the increasing of Cd concentration,Cd content and Cd accumulation amount in P.pubescens increased significantly.When Cd concentration exceeded 50 mg/L,translocation capacity coefficient was greater than 1.[Conclusion] Polygonum pubescens has high tolerance and accumulation capacity of Cd,and it may has some potential on the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. 展开更多
关键词 Polygonum pubescens CD ACCUMULATION PHYTOREMEDIATION
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Study on the Remediation of Cd-contaminated Soil
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作者 万玉山 贾春霞 +2 位作者 吕浩 陈艳秋 黄利 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第10期2261-2264,共4页
[Objective] The remediation effect of the plant to Cd-contaminated soil was studied. [Method] By taking simulation test and field test, the ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was planted, and the remediation effect of the... [Objective] The remediation effect of the plant to Cd-contaminated soil was studied. [Method] By taking simulation test and field test, the ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was planted, and the remediation effect of the plant to contaminated sites was studied. [Result] The ryegrass was planted in the eluotropic soil for 0-60 d, Cd content in the soil showed a rapid decreasing trend; after 60 d, the enrich- ment ability of the plant to Cd gradually weakened over time; after 75 d of phytore- mediation, the Cd content in the soil decreased greatly, and the remediation effi- ciency was 90.66%. [Conclusion] Ryegrass remediation technology had good reme- diation effect to Cd-contaminated soil. 展开更多
关键词 Contaminated soil CD PHYTOREMEDIATION
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Phytoremediation of Contaminated Chemical Plant Sites
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作者 万玉山 陈艳秋 +1 位作者 黄利 方慧 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第5期1030-1033,共4页
[Objective] The aim was to research phytoremediation effects on soils with combined pollution. [Method] With simulation experiment, the test selected plants suitable for phytoremediation in soils polluted with Pb-Cd, ... [Objective] The aim was to research phytoremediation effects on soils with combined pollution. [Method] With simulation experiment, the test selected plants suitable for phytoremediation in soils polluted with Pb-Cd, PAHs, and Pb-Cd-PAHs,respectively and ryegrass was grown to explore phytoremediation on contaminated sites by adjusting bio-availability. [Result] After 70 d growing of ryegrass, the content of available Pb in contaminated soils was 375.26 mg/kg, the content of Cd was 4.9mg/kg after 90 d, and the content of B [a]P was 0.60 mg/kg after 100 d, which were all lower compared with soil limits. [Conclusion] Ryegrass is a suitable plant for phytoremediation. 展开更多
关键词 Contaminated Chemical Plant Sites Pb-Cd PAHS PHYTOREMEDIATION
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DNA Damage and Repair of Two Ecotypes of Phragmites communis Subjected to Water Stress 被引量:3
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作者 王俊刚 张承烈 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2001年第5期490-494,共5页
In order to thoroughly understand the mechanism Of drought resistance in plants at DNA level, the DNA damage of two ecotypes of reeds (Phragmites communis T.) stressed by PEG 6000 was analyzed by means of fluorescence... In order to thoroughly understand the mechanism Of drought resistance in plants at DNA level, the DNA damage of two ecotypes of reeds (Phragmites communis T.) stressed by PEG 6000 was analyzed by means of fluorescence analysis of DNA unwinding (FADU). The results showed that the residual double strand DNA percentages (dsDNA%) in dune reed (DR) were significantly higher than those in swamp reed (SR) treated with either 20% or 30% PEG 6000. This meant that the DNA of DR was less damaged in comparison with SR. Similarly, DR resisted DNA damage more strongly than SR as reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased by adding ROS producers diethyldithio carbamate (DDC), H2O2 and Fe2+ of different concentrations. Meanwhile, treating PEG stressed SR with ROS scavengers such as dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and ascorbic acid (Vc) resulted in the reduction of DNA damage, suggesting that ROS could cause DNA damage. In addition, the DNA repair for water-stressed reeds indicated that DR repaired DNA damage much faster and more completely. This might be the first indication that drought stress led to DNA damage in plants and that drought resistance of plants was closely related to DNA damage and repair. 展开更多
关键词 dune reed swamp reed water stress reactive oxygen species DNA damage of plants in vivo DNA repair
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Effect of Combined Treatments of Phytohormones and Chelating Agents on the Accumulation Capacity of Amaranth
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作者 郭梦露 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第3期402-406,共5页
[Objective] To explore a high efficient phytoremediation technology for soil pollution. [Method] Foliage application and root irrigation were carried out to study the influence on amaranth repair efficiency by using c... [Objective] To explore a high efficient phytoremediation technology for soil pollution. [Method] Foliage application and root irrigation were carried out to study the influence on amaranth repair efficiency by using combined treatments of phytohor- mones (IAA, GA3 SA) and chelating agents (EDTA). [Result] The combined treatment increased the biomass of amaranth under 133Cs, 88Sr, Cr stress The 133Cs, 88Sr, Cr enrich- ment in amaranth by root irrigation were obviously higher than that by foliage appli- cation. The phytoextraction efficiency of phytohormones and chelating agents from best to poor was as following: 100 mg/L SA+1.5 mg/kg EDTA, 500 mg/L GA3+1.5 mg/kg EDTA, 100 mg/L IAA+1.5 mg/kg EDTA. [Conclusion] The most appropriate treatment was the combined treatment of 100 mg/L SA+l.5mg/kg EDTA by soil irri- gation, which could make the total absorption doses of 133Cs, 88Sr, Cr per plant achieve the maximum. 展开更多
关键词 133Cs 88Sr Cd Phytohorrnones Chelating agents PHYTOREMEDIATION
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-ffects of Plant Hormones on Accumulation of 133Cs in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
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作者 郭梦露 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第5期780-784,共5页
[Objective] This study was conducted to discuss a high efficient phytore- mediation technology for 133Cs pollution.[Method] The effects of 3 exogenous phyto- hormones on the uptake and accumulation of 133Cs in the see... [Objective] This study was conducted to discuss a high efficient phytore- mediation technology for 133Cs pollution.[Method] The effects of 3 exogenous phyto- hormones on the uptake and accumulation of 133Cs in the seedlings of Helianthus annuus L., which is a kind of hyperaccumulator plant, was further studied in the pot experiments. [Result] The results indicated that the absorption, accumulation and translocation capacities of 133Cs of the sunflower plants could be improved signifi- cantly after the application of phytohormones. 133Cs contents were higher in leaves and flowers as compared with stems and roots. The accumulation capacities of phytohormones were in order of SA〉GA〉IAA. [Conclusion] The absorption capacity, translocation factor and bioaccumulation factor of 133Cs were maximum after the 展开更多
关键词 133Cs Plant hormone PHYTOREMEDIATION
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Mechanism of exogenous selenium alleviates cadmium induced toxicity in Bechmeria nivea(L.) Gaud(Ramie) 被引量:2
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作者 王春林 刘云国 +6 位作者 曾光明 胡新将 尹怡诚 胡熙 周璐 王亚琴 李华英 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2014年第12期3964-3970,共7页
The protective role of exogenously supplied selenium (Se^6+) on Bechmeria nivea (L.) Gaud (Ramie) subjected to cadmium (Cd) stress was studied in vitro, and the mechanism was discussed by investigating plant ... The protective role of exogenously supplied selenium (Se^6+) on Bechmeria nivea (L.) Gaud (Ramie) subjected to cadmium (Cd) stress was studied in vitro, and the mechanism was discussed by investigating plant growth, malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of antioxidative enzymes and DNA methylation pattern. Plants grown in hydroponic culture were supplied with spraying Se (selenate, 1.2μmol/L) and cadmium (Cd(NO3)2, 0, 3, 6 and 9 mg/L), individually or simultaneously. At low Se spraying levels, SOD activity was increased by 35.34%, 43.18%, 3.63%under 3, 6 or 9 mg/L cadmium contents, POD was increased by 12.45%, 14.14%, 3.27%, and the level of DNA methylation was decreased by 10.70%, 18.18%and 15.59%, respectively. The results confirmed that spraying low Se on ramie leaves could enhance the activity of SOD and POD, and regulate DNA methylation in ramie leaves. 展开更多
关键词 RAMIE SE Cd DNA methylation antioxidative enzyme PHYTOREMEDIATION
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Increasing Accumulation Level of Foreign Protein in Transgenic Plants Through Protein Targeting 被引量:7
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作者 邓朝阳 宋贵生 +1 位作者 徐军望 朱祯 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2003年第9期1084-1089,共6页
Targeting of the synthesized polypeptide in the cells is an important research field in modern cell biology. Cowpea trypsin inhibitor (cpti) gene has been modified and a fusion protein gene (sck) was produced by fusin... Targeting of the synthesized polypeptide in the cells is an important research field in modern cell biology. Cowpea trypsin inhibitor (cpti) gene has been modified and a fusion protein gene (sck) was produced by fusing a signal peptide sequence at cpti 5' end and an endoplasm reticulum (ER) retention signal peptide at cpti3' end respectively. The signal peptide can direct the newly synthesized polypeptide into ER, while ER retention signal can make the protein retained in the ER and its derivative protein body. ELISA test indicated that the accumulation level of foreign CpTI protein in sck transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) was two times higher than cpti transgenic tobaccos and some individuals were four times higher. At the same time, sck transgenic tobacco has a high resistance to Lepidoptera pest due to the increased accumulation level of foreign CpTI protein. The strategy of foreign protein targeting can be used to increase the accumulation level of foreign protein in transgenic plants and can be widely applied to other related research field in plant genetic engineering. 展开更多
关键词 targeting protein ER localization modified gene Cowpea trypsin inhibitor transgenic tobacco pest resistance analysis
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Potentialities of Maize on the Removal of Organochlorine Pesticides from Contaminated Soils 被引量:4
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作者 张福金 张欣昕 +3 位作者 侯德坤 连海飞 莎娜 刘秀萍 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2014年第12期2127-2134,2191,共9页
In this paper, glasshouse experiments were conducted to determine the accumulation, distribution and transformation of DDTs and HCHs by maize under pot culture conditions. The culture soil was spiked with the organic ... In this paper, glasshouse experiments were conducted to determine the accumulation, distribution and transformation of DDTs and HCHs by maize under pot culture conditions. The culture soil was spiked with the organic pollutants and samples were collected in different durations. Analysis of the plants at harvest showed that the selected plant varied widely in their ability to remove and translo- cate DDTs and HCHs from the soil, the bioconcentration factor ranged from 0.004 to 0.027 for the shoot and from 0.036 to 0.097 for the roots, and the translocation factors were lower than 0.1 with variation between DDTs and HCHs, but no signifi- cant differences were observed. DDTs appeared to have accumulated by both pas- sive adsorption and active absorption, p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE were the major metabolite and the transformation was mediated by reductive dehalogenation, the affinity of the OCPs for lipids is one of the major factors affecting their uptake and translocation within the plants. 展开更多
关键词 Organochlorine pesticides PHYTOREMEDIATION Removal rate MAIZE
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Stabilization of heavy metals in biochar pyrolyzed from phytoremediated giant reed(Arundo donax) biomass 被引量:7
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作者 Ya-nan LIU Zhao-hui GUO +4 位作者 Yang SUN Wei SHI Zi-yu HAN Xi-yuan XIAO Peng ZENG 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第3期656-665,共10页
The pyrolysis of phytoremediated giant reed(Arundo donax)biomass could cause secondary pollution of heavy metals.The stabilization of heavy metals in the pyrolysis process with external materials such as Al2O3,CaCO3,F... The pyrolysis of phytoremediated giant reed(Arundo donax)biomass could cause secondary pollution of heavy metals.The stabilization of heavy metals in the pyrolysis process with external materials such as Al2O3,CaCO3,FeCl3and NaOH,wasstudied.The results showed that37%As and97%Cd in biochar were stabilized when giant reed powder was pyrolyzed at250°Cwith5%Al2O3for2h.Furthermore,59%Pb in biochar was stabilized at400°C with5%CaCO3for1h.Under biochar produced inoptimized pyrolysis conditions,Cd mainly existed in a residual fraction,while Pb and As mainly existed in oxidizable fraction inBCR analysis.In XRD analysis,As was only found in Ca2As2O7;Cd in biochar mainly existed in Cd(AlCl4)2,CdPbO3or CdSO3;and Pb mainly existed as Pb3O2SO4. 展开更多
关键词 phytoremediated giant reed PYROLYSIS BIOCHAR heavy metal STABILIZATION
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Chromium detoxification mechanism induced growth and antioxidant responses in vetiver(Chrysopogon zizanioides(L.) Roberty) 被引量:3
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作者 AN Wen-hui LI Wai-chin WU Chuan 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第2期489-500,共12页
This study investigated the chromium(Cr)detoxification mechanism-induced changes in growth and antioxidant defence enzyme activities in Chrysopogon zizanioides.Plant growth decreased by 36.8%and 45.0%in the shoots and... This study investigated the chromium(Cr)detoxification mechanism-induced changes in growth and antioxidant defence enzyme activities in Chrysopogon zizanioides.Plant growth decreased by 36.8%and 45.0%in the shoots and roots,respectively,in the 50 mg/L Cr treatment.Cr accumulation was higher in root(9807μg/g DW)than in shoots(8730μg/g DW).Photosynthetic pigments and malondialdehyde content increased up to the 30 mg/L Cr treatment,whereas they declined at higher doses.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POX)were increased significantly with increasing of Cr dose but slightly declined at higher doses.Isozyme banding patterns revealed the expression of multiple bands for SOD,CAT and POX enzymes,and the band intensity decreased at high doses of Cr exposure.These results indicate that higher Cr doses increased the oxidative stress by over production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in vetiver that had potential tolerance mechanism to Cr as evidenced by enhanced level of antioxidative enzymes,photosynthetic pigments,MDA contents.Therefore,vetiver has evolved a mechanism for detoxification and accumulates higher concentration of toxic Cr.This study provides a better understanding of how vetiver detoxifies Cr. 展开更多
关键词 CHROMIUM Chrysopogon zizanioides detoxification mechanism antioxidant enzymes PHYTOREMEDIATION
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Use of Sorghum Crops for in Situ Phytoremediation of Polluted Soils 被引量:10
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作者 V. R. Angelova R. V. Ivanova V. A. Delibaltova K. I. Ivanov 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2011年第5期693-702,共10页
There has been carried out a comparative research, which allow us to determine the quantities and the central points of accumulation ofPb, Cu, Zn and Cd in the vegetative and reproductive organs of the four sorghum va... There has been carried out a comparative research, which allow us to determine the quantities and the central points of accumulation ofPb, Cu, Zn and Cd in the vegetative and reproductive organs of the four sorghum varieties (technical sorghtan, sugar sorghum, sudan grass and grain sorghnm), as well as to ascertain the possibilities for their growth in soils contaminated with heavy metals and their application for phytoremediation purposes. The experimental plots were situated at different distances (0.1 and 15.0 kin) from the source of pollution-the Non-Ferrous Metal Works near Plovdiv, Bulgaria. On reaching commercial ripeness, the crops were gathered and the concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in their different parts-roots, stems, leaves and gains-were determined through dry mineralization. To determine the heavy metal content in the samples, ICP was used. A clearly distinguished trend exists which describes the accumulation of heavy metals within the vegetative and reproductive organs of the studied crops. Sudan grass and technical sorghum accumulated larger heavy metal quantities compared to sugar sorghum and grain sorghum, as the majority of the heavy metals was retained by the roots and a very small amount was translocated to epigeous parts. The depots for accumulation were in the following order: roots 〉 leaves 〉 stems 〉 grains. The studied crops can be related to metal-tolerant crops and can be cultivated on softs which are of low, medium or high contamination with lead, zinc and cadmium, as they do not exhibit a tendency of accumulating these elements in grains at levels above the maximum permissible concentrations for fodder. The selective accumulation of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in the roots and the possibility to remove the root-remains makes technical sorghum, sugar sorghum and Sudan grass extremely suitable for phytoremediation purposes. The possible use of grains for animal food guarantees the economic expedience upon the selection of these crops. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy metals UPTAKE ACCUMULATION SORGHUM PHYTOREMEDIATION
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Performance of Subsurface Constructed Wetland in River Rehabilitation 被引量:33
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作者 王万宾 段亮 田自强 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2009年第2期149-153,共5页
[ Objective] This study was to research the treatment effect of different media in undercurrent wetland on contamination, so as to pro- vide reference for rehabitating water body of river along small towns. [ Method ]... [ Objective] This study was to research the treatment effect of different media in undercurrent wetland on contamination, so as to pro- vide reference for rehabitating water body of river along small towns. [ Method ] Three different media of gravel, cobblestone and shale were used to rehabilitate water quality of contaminated river. [ Result ] Gravel, cobblestone and shale all performed well in removing TN, TP and CODw,, in contaminated water, of which gravel stuffed undercurrent wetland run best, averagely removing 49.4% TN, 34.7% and 48. 5% COD~, respectively. [ Conclusion] Undercurrent constructed wetland can effectively improve the water quality of contaminated river, and it is cheaper in cost and simpler in operation, thus suitable for generalizing in small towns of China. 展开更多
关键词 Undercurrent constructed wetland Contaminated river GRAVEL COBBLESTONE SHALE
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Influence of Phosphate on Transformation and Plant Uptake of Cadmium in Cd-amended Soils 被引量:1
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作者 XIONGLI-MING LURU-KUN 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1991年第1期63-72,共10页
Phosphate was found to have neither influence on Cd transformation nor effect on plant Cd uptake in three Cd-amended upland soils.However,on submerged red earth,high phosphate dressing inhibited the transformation of ... Phosphate was found to have neither influence on Cd transformation nor effect on plant Cd uptake in three Cd-amended upland soils.However,on submerged red earth,high phosphate dressing inhibited the transformation of Cd from exchangeable fraction to other lower-available ones.Cadmium uptake by rice plants increased simultaneously with increasing phosphate supply though plant resistance to Cd also increased at high phosphate level.Application of phosphate as an amendment for Cd-contaminated soil was therefore not recommended in view of the increasing influx of Cd into food chain especially on flooded soils. 展开更多
关键词 CADMIUM PHOSPHATE plant uptake soil pollution.transformation
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