植物叶形的计算机识别系统

植物叶形是识别植物的重要和常用形态特征,建立计算机自动识别系统对于认识和正确识别植物十分重要。本文论述了植物叶形图像识别系统设计中的图像处理、特征提取及分类识别等问题。本系统采用VisualBasic.Net编程工具设计,在Windows2000/XP平台上通过叶片图像的输入、变换、平滑和分割等识别过程,实现了叶片图像的形状和叶缘特征的结果输出。实验结果表明,该系统能够很好地识别植物的叶形,对14种植物337份叶片样本的叶形测试准确率达93.2%。为植物识别的进一步研究奠定了基础。

植物叶形在杭州曲院风荷植物造景中的应用

植物是园林景观营造中最基本的材料。园林植物单株都具有独特的树形、色彩、纹理、叶形、质感等个体特征,合理的植物搭配能有效增强景观效果,营造和谐的空间环境。在已有的研究中,关于植物树形、色彩及群落等方面的研究较多,但探讨植物叶形特征及其应用则比较少见。本文首先探讨了小尺度空间条件下人们对不同叶形植物的认知感受。然后,以杭州曲院风荷公园的植物造景为例,就视觉焦点、空间层次、叶形对比与光影效果等四个方面展开分析,总结了植物叶形对植物景观营造的影响和作用。

蜘蛛抱蛋属植物

蜘蛛抱蛋属(Aspidistra Ker Gawler)隶属于天门冬科,主要产于亚洲东部的热带和亚热带地区,约有100种,中国有60多种。该属植物叶形挺拔,叶色浓绿,姿态优美,耐阴适应性强,是室内及公园林荫道绿化常用的观叶植物。其花贴地而生,常躲藏枯枝落叶下面,不易引起人们注意。由于多数种类的花有一个大的椭圆形柱头,像蜘蛛的身体,花被裂片仿佛蜘蛛伸出的长腿,故名蜘蛛抱蛋。该属植物花形变化极大,是植物进化研究的好材料。

基于HMM的杨树变异体叶片特征参数数据挖掘

本文依据数据挖掘的基本原理,经叶形图像预处理、叶脉特征参数提取等过程,建立杨树叶脉结构特征数据仓库。最后通过改进的HMM(隐马尔可夫模型)对数据仓库建模,挖掘出与某一品种杨树自身特性有极大相关性的特征参数,为杨树苗木物理诱变育种中突变个体的自动化检测提供了研究基础。

Scanning Electron Microscope Observation of Three Species on Pollen Grain Morphology and Leaf Epiderm Shape in Gramineae Triticeae

The pollen grain morphology and leaf epiderm shape and microstructural of Rye（ Secale cereal ）, common wheat and Octoploid Trititrigia were observed with the scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The results revealed that there were great differences between pollen and leaf epiderm microcosmic morphology in three species. Such characteristics of Octoploid tnticalwere between those of common wheat and Rye. The morphology of pollen grain and leaf epiderm shape counld be used as an index for taxonomy for genera and species, and had somewhat scientif- ic references to identify new multiploid species created by chromosome engineering.

Study on Biological Characters of Asparagus macowanii Baker.

Asparagus macowanfi Baker, is a climbing herbaceous foliage species in genus Asparagus of Liliaceae, This paper summarized its multiple uses, morphologi- cal characteristics, biological habit, reproduction methods, management after cultiva- tion, prevention and control of pests and disease, as well as harvest and grading, with the objective to provide references for the exploitation and utilization of As- paragus macowanii Baker.

Leafy head formation of the progenies of transgenic plants of Chinese cabbage with exogenous auxin genes

The experiment was performed to evaluate the progenies of plant lines transgenic for auxin synthesis genes derived from Ri T-DNA. Four lines of the transgenic plants were selfcrossed and the foreign auxin genes in plants of T5 generation were confirmed by Southern hybridization. Two lines, D1232 and D1653, showed earlier folding of expanding leaves than untransformed line and therefore had early initiation of leaf y head. Leaf cuttings derived from plant of transgenic line D1653 produced more adventitious roots than the control whereas the cuttings from folding leaves had much more roots than rosette leaves at folding stage, and the cuttings from head leaves had more roots than rosette leaves at heading stage. It is demonstrated that early folding of transgenic leaf may be caused by the relatively higher concentration of auxin. These plant lines with auxin transgenes can be used for the study of hormonal regulation in differentiation and development of plant organs nd for the breeding of new varietywith rapid growth trait.

Environmental pressure rather than ongoing hybridization is responsible for an altitudinal cline in the morphologies of two oaks

Aims In a contact zone between related taxa,phenotypic variation can result from genetic and/or environmental gradients.This study aimed to clarify the cause of phenotypic variation in leaf morphology of two Quercus crispula varieties—crispula(QCC)and mongolicoides(QCM)—in their contact zone along an altitudinal gradient.Methods We measured 6 morphological traits of leaves and recorded genotypes of 13 nuclear microsatellite loci for 48 individuals in the contact zone and 24 individuals in each of the reference populations of QCC and QCM.We constructed a model explaining the phenotypic variation(leaf morphology)in relation to environmental(altitude)and genetic(ancestry from the reference population)gradients.Important Findings Both morphological and genetic markers distinguished the two varieties in the reference populations well.We were able to confirm the power of both morphological and genetic markers.Individuals within the contact zone population had intermediate ancestry that was slightly biased to QCM ancestry,and the distribution of their morphologies overlapped with those of the two varieties in the reference populations.The effect of altitude on leaf morphological traits was significant,while that of ancestry was not.Distributions of ancestry and interclass heterozygosity in the contact zone population resembled those in F2 or later generation hybrids.These results indicate that in the contact zone between QCC and QCM,there is no ongoing hybridization,but environmental pressure has created an altitudinal gradient in morphological traits through phenotypic plasticity and/or variation in functional genes.