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杀线虫植物以及植物源杀线虫活性化合物研究与应用进展 被引量:10
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作者 王佳 曾广智 +1 位作者 汪哲 谭宁华 《中国生物防治学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2018年第3期469-479,共11页
植物寄生线虫现已成为危害农业生产的第二大类病害,其防治迫在眉睫。线虫的生物防治是一种新型的线虫防治策略,主要是利用动植物和微生物及其次级代谢产物对线虫进行防治。植物源次级代谢产物即植物源化合物,源于自然,是植物源农药的核... 植物寄生线虫现已成为危害农业生产的第二大类病害,其防治迫在眉睫。线虫的生物防治是一种新型的线虫防治策略,主要是利用动植物和微生物及其次级代谢产物对线虫进行防治。植物源次级代谢产物即植物源化合物,源于自然,是植物源农药的核心。相比于化学杀线虫剂,植物源杀线虫剂对环境影响较小、靶向性强且不易使线虫产生抗药性。因此,从植物中获得结构新颖且杀线虫活性好的小分子化合物并将其开发成绿色农药,对于线虫病的防治具有重要意义。本文对杀线虫植物、具有杀线虫活性的植物源化合物及其杀虫机理、植物源杀线虫农药的应用情况展开综述,并对该研究领域进行了展望,希望能为植物寄生线虫病的防治与植物源杀线虫农药的开发利用提供参考和帮助。 展开更多
关键词 植物病原线虫 杀线虫植物 植物源杀线虫活性化合物 杀虫机理 植物源杀线虫农药
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Ethnobotany, Pharmacology and Chemistry of Medicinal Orchids from Veracruz
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作者 Leticia Margarita Cano Asseleih Rebeca Alicia Menchaca Garcia Jose Yader Sageth Ruiz Cruz 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2015年第9期745-754,共10页
Orchidaceae is a large family of 1,260 species in Mexico, of which 433 grow in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Although economically important in horticulture because of the beauty of their flowers, researches have don... Orchidaceae is a large family of 1,260 species in Mexico, of which 433 grow in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Although economically important in horticulture because of the beauty of their flowers, researches have done little work regarding their medicinal properties. This paper aimed to present the results of ethnobotanical, pharmacological and active compounds research on Veracruz medicinal orchids. The ethnobotanical information was obtained by consulting the Atlas of the Mexican Traditional Medicine Plants, Veracruz Medicinal Flora Database (CITRO-UV project) and through field work in the Nahuatl community of Cuautlajapa, Veracruz. To obtain pharmacological and active compounds information of registered species, a search was carded out through MEDLINE (USA National Library of Medicine Journal Citation database). Twelve medicinal orchids were recorded for Veracruz, i.e., Epidendrum chlorocorymbos Schltr., Habenaria floribunda Lindl., Isochillus latibracteatus A. Rich. & Galeotti, lsochillus major Schltdl. & Cham., Mormodes maculata var. unicolor (Hook.) L. O. Williams, Oestlundia luteorosea (A. Rich. & Galeotti) W. E. Higgins, Oncidium ascendens Lindl., Scaphyglottis fasciculata Hook., Sobralia macrantha Lindl., Spiranthes eriophora (Rob. & Greenm.), Stanhopea oculata (G. Lodd.) Lindl. and Vanilla planifolia Andrews. Only two species have been investigated in terms of their pharmacology and active compounds. Also, information for another five species closely related to already identified ones was obtained. Given the relative poverty of current information on the topic, this paper demonstrates the need to further study the ethnobotanical, pharmacological and chemical aspects of the region's medicinal orchids. 展开更多
关键词 ORCHIDS medicinal orchids traditional medicine Veracruz medicinal orchids.
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苯乙醇及二氢茉莉酮对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果研究
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作者 周楚楚 刘静 +1 位作者 何鸿阳 冯波 《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》 CAS 2024年第2期150-155,共6页
目的通过室内测试苯乙醇、二氢茉莉酮等19种木犀科和蔷薇科植物化合物的有效保护时间,探讨有效单体化合物及复配对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果。方法在实验室条件下,通过近距离反应测定法,测试体积比浓度为0.01的19种化合物对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果... 目的通过室内测试苯乙醇、二氢茉莉酮等19种木犀科和蔷薇科植物化合物的有效保护时间,探讨有效单体化合物及复配对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果。方法在实验室条件下,通过近距离反应测定法,测试体积比浓度为0.01的19种化合物对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果,选出驱避率最高的化合物进行复筛;通过Arm in cage行为实验,测试体积比浓度为0.064、0.128、0.256的苯乙醇、二氢茉莉酮对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果;将体积比浓度为0.256的苯乙醇和二氢茉莉酮,按照1∶1、1∶4、4∶1、1∶7、7∶1、1∶15、15∶1的比例两两混合,测试对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果;在0.256体积比浓度,以体积比为1∶15和15∶1的苯乙醇与二氢茉莉酮作为主要有效成分制备成驱蚊液,测试对白纹伊蚊的驱避效果。不同化合物对白纹伊蚊驱避作用的比较采用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析。结果苯乙醇、二氢茉莉酮初筛驱避率均达到100%;0.064、0.128、0.256体积比浓度下的苯乙醇、二氢茉莉酮单独使用时对白纹伊蚊有驱避作用,与对照组比较有效保护时间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);体积比浓度为0.256时,不同体积配比苯乙醇和二氢茉莉酮的驱避时间差异有统计学意义(F=21.457,P<0.001)。苯乙醇与二氢茉莉酮以1∶15和15∶1体积配比制备成的驱蚊液有效保护时间分别达到4.50和6.25 h。结论苯乙醇与二氢茉莉酮复配对白纹伊蚊具有明显驱避效果,可进一步研发应用。 展开更多
关键词 白纹伊蚊 驱避 复配 植物活性化合物 苯乙醇 二氢茉莉酮
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芍药根内胡萝卜甙的分离、鉴定及生物活性的研究
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作者 许鸿源 《Journal of Integrative Plant Biology》 SCIE CAS 1986年第2期169-174,共6页
由芍药根中分离出一种微量白色粉状结晶,mp.290-292℃,[a]D23=-48.3°(吡啶,c=0.5),含量为材料干重的4×10-5。经化学与光谱学鉴定,该结晶的化学结构为β-谷甾。醇-D-葡萄糖甙,即胡萝卜甙(daucosterol1),实验证明,这种甾醇... 由芍药根中分离出一种微量白色粉状结晶,mp.290-292℃,[a]D23=-48.3°(吡啶,c=0.5),含量为材料干重的4×10-5。经化学与光谱学鉴定,该结晶的化学结构为β-谷甾。醇-D-葡萄糖甙,即胡萝卜甙(daucosterol1),实验证明,这种甾醇甙可以促进小麦芽鞘切段伸长和黄瓜离体子叶鲜重的增加;减慢叶绿素分解的速度;并诱导黄瓜离体子叶幼根和真叶的形成。这些现象说明,胡萝卜甙是一种植物活性甾体化合物,并同时具有类似生长素和细胞分裂素的生理作用。 展开更多
关键词 芍药 胡萝卜甙 活性植物甾体化合物
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New insights into substrate folding preference of plant OSCs 被引量:3
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作者 Yongshuo Ma Yuan Zhou +3 位作者 Sergey Ovchinnikov Per Jr.Greisen Sanwen Huang Yi Shang 《Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第18期1407-1412,共6页
Sterols and triterpenes are structurally diverse bioactive molecules generated through cyclization of linear 2,3-oxidosqualene. Based on carbocationic intermediates generated during initial substrate preorganization s... Sterols and triterpenes are structurally diverse bioactive molecules generated through cyclization of linear 2,3-oxidosqualene. Based on carbocationic intermediates generated during initial substrate preorganization step, oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) are roughly segregated into protosteryl cation group that mainly catalyzes tetracyclic products and dammarenyl cation group which mostly generates pentacyclic products. However, in contrast to well-studied cascade of ring-forming reactions, little is known about the mechanism underlying the initial sub- strate folding process. Previously, we have identified a cucurbitadienol synthase (Bi) and its null allele bi (C393Y) from cucumber. By integration of homology modeling, residue coevolution and site-directed mutagenesis, we discover that four covarying amino acids including C393 constitute a dynamic domain that may be involved in substrate folding process for Bi. We also reveal a group of co-conserved residues that closely associated with the segregation of plant OSCs. These residues may act col- laboratively in choice of specific substrate folding inter- mediate for OSCs. Thus, engineer plant OSCs from into five-ringed producer. our findings open a door to four-ringed skeleton catalysts 展开更多
关键词 Oxidosqualene cyclase Homologymodeling Residue coevolution Substrate folding
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