植物雄性不育（male sterility,MS）既是植物生殖生物学研究中的一个重要植物学性状,也是研究作物杂种优势利用的一个重要农艺性状,在作物育种和分子生物学研究中具有重要地位。植物雄性不育可分为细胞核雄性不育（genic male sterility...植物雄性不育（male sterility,MS）既是植物生殖生物学研究中的一个重要植物学性状,也是研究作物杂种优势利用的一个重要农艺性状,在作物育种和分子生物学研究中具有重要地位。植物雄性不育可分为细胞核雄性不育（genic male sterility,GMS）和细胞质雄性不育（cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS）。GMS由核不育基因控制,无正反交遗传效应;CMS由线粒体不育基因和核恢复基因（restorer of fertility,Rf）共同调控，线粒体基因导致不育，Rf能改变线粒体中不育基因的表达，使不育系恢复育性。展开更多
The development of plant embryology in China can be roughly divided into three stages: (1) the initial stage, (2) the stage of establishing plant embryology as a branch of plant sciences, and (3) the stage when plant...The development of plant embryology in China can be roughly divided into three stages: (1) the initial stage, (2) the stage of establishing plant embryology as a branch of plant sciences, and (3) the stage when plant embryology evolves into plant reproductive biology with its vigorous development. It is in the third stage that research work in this field in China has developed rapidly and many of the significant achievements obtained are described in more details in this review. Researches of experimental embryology are not included in this paper.展开更多
The present work dealt with sexual reproduction capacity of three relic species of the genus Sternbergia （family AmaryUidaceae） distributed in the Caucasus, i.e., Sternbergia lutea （L.） Ker Gawl. ex Spreng., Stern...The present work dealt with sexual reproduction capacity of three relic species of the genus Sternbergia （family AmaryUidaceae） distributed in the Caucasus, i.e., Sternbergia lutea （L.） Ker Gawl. ex Spreng., Sternbergiafischeriana （Herb.） Roem and Sternbergia colchiciflora Waldst. ＆ Kit.. Under this study, the natural populations of species, which possess valuable medicinal and ornamental properties, have been assessed by experts as vulnerable, and S. colchiciflora is included in the red list of endemic plants of the Caucasus, as having status of the critically endangered species. The situation is aggravated by the poor self-regeneration capacity of these species, which is one of the main factors responsible for the sustainability of the population of this or that species in the wild. Self-regeneration capacity for sexual reproduction was investigated in the listed species of the genus Sternbergia using common methods of embryology and reproduction biology. In conditions of the National Botanical Garden of Georgia （NBGG）, the species S. lutea and S. fischeriana prove to be completely infertile and propagate vegetatively by bulblets, while S. colchiciflora revealed the ability for propagation by seed. Long-term conservation of seeds of the studied species S. colchiciflora in the Caucasus Regional Seed Bank （CRSB） and establishing of living collections of this species at the experimental plot were chosen as the method for safeguarding this critically endangered species.展开更多
文摘植物雄性不育（male sterility,MS）既是植物生殖生物学研究中的一个重要植物学性状,也是研究作物杂种优势利用的一个重要农艺性状,在作物育种和分子生物学研究中具有重要地位。植物雄性不育可分为细胞核雄性不育（genic male sterility,GMS）和细胞质雄性不育（cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS）。GMS由核不育基因控制,无正反交遗传效应;CMS由线粒体不育基因和核恢复基因（restorer of fertility,Rf）共同调控，线粒体基因导致不育，Rf能改变线粒体中不育基因的表达，使不育系恢复育性。
文摘The development of plant embryology in China can be roughly divided into three stages: (1) the initial stage, (2) the stage of establishing plant embryology as a branch of plant sciences, and (3) the stage when plant embryology evolves into plant reproductive biology with its vigorous development. It is in the third stage that research work in this field in China has developed rapidly and many of the significant achievements obtained are described in more details in this review. Researches of experimental embryology are not included in this paper.
文摘The present work dealt with sexual reproduction capacity of three relic species of the genus Sternbergia （family AmaryUidaceae） distributed in the Caucasus, i.e., Sternbergia lutea （L.） Ker Gawl. ex Spreng., Sternbergiafischeriana （Herb.） Roem and Sternbergia colchiciflora Waldst. ＆ Kit.. Under this study, the natural populations of species, which possess valuable medicinal and ornamental properties, have been assessed by experts as vulnerable, and S. colchiciflora is included in the red list of endemic plants of the Caucasus, as having status of the critically endangered species. The situation is aggravated by the poor self-regeneration capacity of these species, which is one of the main factors responsible for the sustainability of the population of this or that species in the wild. Self-regeneration capacity for sexual reproduction was investigated in the listed species of the genus Sternbergia using common methods of embryology and reproduction biology. In conditions of the National Botanical Garden of Georgia （NBGG）, the species S. lutea and S. fischeriana prove to be completely infertile and propagate vegetatively by bulblets, while S. colchiciflora revealed the ability for propagation by seed. Long-term conservation of seeds of the studied species S. colchiciflora in the Caucasus Regional Seed Bank （CRSB） and establishing of living collections of this species at the experimental plot were chosen as the method for safeguarding this critically endangered species.
