By solution culture experiment, three wheat genotypes (Ttiticum aestivum L.) and two oilseed rape genotypes (Brassica napus L.) differing in Mn efficiency under Mn-deficient conditions were used to study mechanisms of...By solution culture experiment, three wheat genotypes (Ttiticum aestivum L.) and two oilseed rape genotypes (Brassica napus L.) differing in Mn efficiency under Mn-deficient conditions were used to study mechanisms of the difference in Mn efficiency between wheat and oilseed rape. The results showed that there were significant differences in the abilities of MnIV reduction and acidification in root rhizosphere between the two species. Compared with wheat, oilseed rape had much higher reducing capacity and intensity of rhizosphere acidification under Mn-deficient conditions. Moreover, the higher ratio of functional leaves Mn/old leaves Mn in oilseed rape than in wheat was also an important factor for the different Mn efficiencies between the two species.展开更多
Two field trials were clone to evaluate the effects of plant density on the growth, development and yield of safflower. The results showed that plant density and season of growth had significant （P ≤ 0.01） effects ...Two field trials were clone to evaluate the effects of plant density on the growth, development and yield of safflower. The results showed that plant density and season of growth had significant （P ≤ 0.01） effects on growth, development, yield components, yield and oil content of safflower. Increasing safflower plant density from 100,000 to 250,000 plants ha^- significantly reduced plant height （13.2%-21.3%）, branch number plant^-1 （37%-54.7%）, leaf number plant^-1 （39%-39.2%）, leaf area （19.5%-53%）, plant spread （39.6%-54.4%）, root length （28.1%-54.4%）, plant biomass （17%-50%）, capitula size （12%-12.7%）, capitula number plant^-1 （39.5%-50.5%）, seed number capitula~ （39%-45%）, capitula weight （3.3%-3.6%）, seed yield （67.9%-69.8%） and seed oil content （14.7%-20.8%）. The reduction in vegetative growth, yield components, yield and oil content of safflower due to increased plant density was attributed to inter and intra-plant competition for light, nutrients and water necessary for growth and development. The differences between winter and summer grown safflower were attributed to difference in day and night temperature （DIF） and the average daily temperature which were optimum for safflower growth in winter. It was concluded that under Botswana conditions or in semi-arid areas, safflower should be planted at 50 cm × 20 cm or wider in order to maximize yield and oil content and allow the plants to express their maximum genetic potential.展开更多
Ten cold-pressed oil from 6 herb plant seeds （sesame, fax, saffower, pumpkin, tomato and hemp） and 4 woody plant seeds （camellia, almond, walnut and peony） were analyzed to determine bioactive compounds content, i...Ten cold-pressed oil from 6 herb plant seeds （sesame, fax, saffower, pumpkin, tomato and hemp） and 4 woody plant seeds （camellia, almond, walnut and peony） were analyzed to determine bioactive compounds content, including tocopherols, phytosterols and phenolics, as well as their antioxidant activities. Total tocopherols content ranged from 161.11 mg/kg in camellia seed oil to 1,072.51 mg/kg in tomato seed oil. Tomato seed oil had the highest total phytosterols （708.89 mg/100 g） and phenolics content （20.27 mg SAE/100 g）,whereas, saffower seed oil has the lowest total phytosterols （173.75 mg/100g） and walnut kernel oil contained the lowest phenolics （2.32 mg SAE/100 g）, respectively. Tomato seed oil exhibited the strongest ferric-reducing antioxidant power （FARP, 311.36 μmol/100 g） and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） radical scavenging activity （56.40 μmol/100 g）, while camellia seed oil had the lowest FRAP value （34.83 μmol/100 g） and fax seed oil had the lowest DPPH value （2.75 μmol/100 g）. Correlation coeffcient was determined as 0.647 and 0.863 between FRAP value and total tocopherols and phenolics, and 0.673 and 0.711 between DPPH value and total tocopherols and phenolics （p 〈 0.05）, respectively. This result indicated the antioxidant activities （FRAP and DPPH） were highly correlated with total tocopherols and phenolics content of oil. This study will be very useful for comprehensive utilization of all 10 cold-press oils.展开更多
The insecticidal effect of four dosage rates of three botanicals namely Jatropha curcas, Heliathus annus and Cocos nucifera was tested on the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Mots.. This is done for the purpose of find...The insecticidal effect of four dosage rates of three botanicals namely Jatropha curcas, Heliathus annus and Cocos nucifera was tested on the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Mots.. This is done for the purpose of finding a replacement for conventional insecticides which has been found to be harmful to man. The seed oil was applied topically at the rate of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mL per insect. There were a total of 20 insects per Petri-dish. There were four replicates per treatment. Insect mortality was recorded on 12 hourly basis for 48 hours. The results of insects treated with all dosage rates of C. nucifera showed a significantly higher mortality when compared with the control. In the case ofH. annus, insect mortality ranged from 40-100, 70-100, 60-100 and 80-100% and for J. curcas the result ranged from 0.0-100, 40-100, 80-100 and 80-100% for rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mL, respectively, from 12 hrs to 48 hrs post application. The control experiment remained at 0% level throughout the period of the experiments.展开更多
基金Project (No. 39425013) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘By solution culture experiment, three wheat genotypes (Ttiticum aestivum L.) and two oilseed rape genotypes (Brassica napus L.) differing in Mn efficiency under Mn-deficient conditions were used to study mechanisms of the difference in Mn efficiency between wheat and oilseed rape. The results showed that there were significant differences in the abilities of MnIV reduction and acidification in root rhizosphere between the two species. Compared with wheat, oilseed rape had much higher reducing capacity and intensity of rhizosphere acidification under Mn-deficient conditions. Moreover, the higher ratio of functional leaves Mn/old leaves Mn in oilseed rape than in wheat was also an important factor for the different Mn efficiencies between the two species.
文摘Two field trials were clone to evaluate the effects of plant density on the growth, development and yield of safflower. The results showed that plant density and season of growth had significant （P ≤ 0.01） effects on growth, development, yield components, yield and oil content of safflower. Increasing safflower plant density from 100,000 to 250,000 plants ha^- significantly reduced plant height （13.2%-21.3%）, branch number plant^-1 （37%-54.7%）, leaf number plant^-1 （39%-39.2%）, leaf area （19.5%-53%）, plant spread （39.6%-54.4%）, root length （28.1%-54.4%）, plant biomass （17%-50%）, capitula size （12%-12.7%）, capitula number plant^-1 （39.5%-50.5%）, seed number capitula~ （39%-45%）, capitula weight （3.3%-3.6%）, seed yield （67.9%-69.8%） and seed oil content （14.7%-20.8%）. The reduction in vegetative growth, yield components, yield and oil content of safflower due to increased plant density was attributed to inter and intra-plant competition for light, nutrients and water necessary for growth and development. The differences between winter and summer grown safflower were attributed to difference in day and night temperature （DIF） and the average daily temperature which were optimum for safflower growth in winter. It was concluded that under Botswana conditions or in semi-arid areas, safflower should be planted at 50 cm × 20 cm or wider in order to maximize yield and oil content and allow the plants to express their maximum genetic potential.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0400402)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471620)National Science Foundation of China(31772010)for financial support
文摘Ten cold-pressed oil from 6 herb plant seeds （sesame, fax, saffower, pumpkin, tomato and hemp） and 4 woody plant seeds （camellia, almond, walnut and peony） were analyzed to determine bioactive compounds content, including tocopherols, phytosterols and phenolics, as well as their antioxidant activities. Total tocopherols content ranged from 161.11 mg/kg in camellia seed oil to 1,072.51 mg/kg in tomato seed oil. Tomato seed oil had the highest total phytosterols （708.89 mg/100 g） and phenolics content （20.27 mg SAE/100 g）,whereas, saffower seed oil has the lowest total phytosterols （173.75 mg/100g） and walnut kernel oil contained the lowest phenolics （2.32 mg SAE/100 g）, respectively. Tomato seed oil exhibited the strongest ferric-reducing antioxidant power （FARP, 311.36 μmol/100 g） and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） radical scavenging activity （56.40 μmol/100 g）, while camellia seed oil had the lowest FRAP value （34.83 μmol/100 g） and fax seed oil had the lowest DPPH value （2.75 μmol/100 g）. Correlation coeffcient was determined as 0.647 and 0.863 between FRAP value and total tocopherols and phenolics, and 0.673 and 0.711 between DPPH value and total tocopherols and phenolics （p 〈 0.05）, respectively. This result indicated the antioxidant activities （FRAP and DPPH） were highly correlated with total tocopherols and phenolics content of oil. This study will be very useful for comprehensive utilization of all 10 cold-press oils.
文摘The insecticidal effect of four dosage rates of three botanicals namely Jatropha curcas, Heliathus annus and Cocos nucifera was tested on the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Mots.. This is done for the purpose of finding a replacement for conventional insecticides which has been found to be harmful to man. The seed oil was applied topically at the rate of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mL per insect. There were a total of 20 insects per Petri-dish. There were four replicates per treatment. Insect mortality was recorded on 12 hourly basis for 48 hours. The results of insects treated with all dosage rates of C. nucifera showed a significantly higher mortality when compared with the control. In the case ofH. annus, insect mortality ranged from 40-100, 70-100, 60-100 and 80-100% and for J. curcas the result ranged from 0.0-100, 40-100, 80-100 and 80-100% for rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mL, respectively, from 12 hrs to 48 hrs post application. The control experiment remained at 0% level throughout the period of the experiments.
