植生混凝土吸油污技术及植物适生性探究

植生混凝土吸油污技术是一种具有潜力的高效的雨水处理方案,通过结合植物生长和混凝土构建,旨在减少雨水中的油污物质,但是该技术的应用受到植物适生性和环境条件的影响。分析了植生混凝土的特点以及吸收油污的基本原理,探讨了植生混凝土吸油污技术的应用方法,由于植物种类、植被密度和环境条件是影响植生混凝土吸油污性能的重要因素,而不同植物对城市环境条件的适应性也存在差异,植生混凝土吸油污技术应用过程中的植物适生性研究能够为城市污水排放和改善城市水体质量提供指导性意见。

微生物固化粉土坡面的植物适生性研究

微生物固化粉土坡面能够提高粉土边坡的抗侵蚀能力,微生物固化防护层的物理力学特性以及植物的适生性是影响该技术应用的重要因素。采用巴氏芽孢杆菌以及胶结液对粉土进行表层喷洒固化处理,研究高羊茅和披碱草在微生物固化表层的粉土中的出苗生长情况。试验结果显示,提高胶结液浓度能够获得更高的粉土表层固化层强度。采用高浓度胶结液的固化层水稳定性更好。粉土表层经微生物固化后高羊茅和披碱草的出苗率随着固化层贯入阻力的提高而降低,出苗时间延迟4~5 d。固化层贯入阻力低于280 kPa时,出苗率可达到80%以上。采用菌液和浓度为0.75~1.00 mol/L、喷洒量0.06 mL/cm 2的胶结液喷洒3遍处理,可以保证粉土坡面既具有一定防护强度,又能够保证高羊茅正常生长。粉土经微生物固化表层后不适于披碱草的生长。研究结果表明,微生物固化粉土坡面对草本植物具有一定的适生性;植物种类及固化层强度是影响出苗率和出苗速率指数的重要因素。将微生物坡面防护与植物防护相结合的粉土坡面防护技术有良好的发展潜力。

Organic Acids Secreted from Plant Roots under Soil Stress and Their Effects on Ecological Adaptability of Plants

[Objective] In this study,the secretion of organic acids from plant roots under soil nutrient and water stress and the effects of organic acids on ecological adaptability of plants were investigated,which provided theoretical basis for improving the adaptability of plants to a variety of stress conditions.The results showed that,under nutrient and water stress,the content of organic acids secreted from plant roots increased significantly as a common active adaptive response.Organic acids could improve the activities of a variety of antioxidant enzymes,contents of osmotic regulatory substances,contents of chlorophyll and photosynthesis levels,promote nutrient absorption and transportation in plants,and ultimately contribute to plant growth and biomass accumulation,reduce the toxicity of stress conditions to plants and improve the stress resistance and adaptability of plants.

Intraclonal Resource Sharing and Functional Specialization of Ramets in Response to Resource Heterogeneity in Three Stoloniferous Herbs

Environments with reciprocal patchiness of resources, in which the availability of two resources such as light and soil nutrients are patchily distributed in horizontal space and negatively correlated in each patch, are common in many ecosystems. The strategies by which clonal plants adapt to this type of heterogeneous environment were examined in three stoloniferous herbs,Potentilla reptans L. var. sericophylla Franch., P. anserina L. and Halerpestes ruthenica (Jacq.) Qvcz., commonly inhabiting forest understories, grasslands and low saline meadows, respectively. As pairs of connected ramets were subjected to reciprocal patchiness of light and nutrients, stolon connection between the two ramets significantly enhanced biomass of both ramet growing in low light intensity but high soil nutrient condition (LH ramet) and ramet growing in high light intensity but low soil nutrient condition (HL ramet) as well as whole ramet pairs (consisting of LH ramets and HL ramets). Additionally, stolon connection greatly increased root/shoot ratio of LH ramet while significantly decreased that of HL ramet. The results indicate that a reciprocal transportation of resources between interconnected ramets and a functional specialization of ramets in uptake of abundant resources occurred. By resource sharing and functional specialization, clonal plants can efficiently acquire locally abundant resources and buffer the stress caused by reciprocal patchiness of resources.

三峡水库库岸生态环境治理对策初探

分析了三峡水库的生态环境现状及可能演化趋势,并根据以前的研究成果,针对库岸的不同功能区(自上而下依次为:水上带、消落带和水下带)提出了相应的生态治理对策.同时,首次将水上带(位置为消落带上面)划分为2个带,自上而下依次为:生态经济带和生态隔离带.

Experimental study on interbody fusion with CFR/PEEK

Objective:To studythebiocompatibilityof CFR/PEEKcompositeinbonetissueafterimplantedinlumbar intervertebralspaceandto evaluateitsroleintheinterbodyfusioncomparedwithallograftbone.Meth ods:Thirteen beagleswerechosenamongwhich7animalswereimplantedwiththedisk-likeCFR/PEEKcompositein thelumbar intervertebralspaceand6wereimplantedwithallograftbone.X-ray,QCTandhistologicalexaminationwereem-ployedat6,12,and24monthspostoperatively.Results:TheX-rayresultswereinconformitywiththatof QCT.His-tologicalexaminationshowedtheanteriorsofttissueof theimplantexhibiteda nonspecificforeignbodyreaction withconnectivetissuethebiomaterials.Carbonfragmentwereseeninthesurroundingtissueandsomeof thedebric werephagocytosedby foreignbodygiantcell.Histologicalexaminationof boneand materialshowednew bone growthalonetheholeof CFR/PEEKimplant.Con clu sion:CFR/PEEKhasexcellentbiocompatibilityto bonetissue.

Adaptability of Permanent Grassland to Drought

Continuing climate changes are strongly associated with status of water, threatening the majority of ecosystems, including the grass ecosystem. The climate changes primarily affect the botanical composition of grassland that is subsequently determined by production of above-ground phytomass which is used like feed for the ruminants. In our field experiment we assessed the impact of climate changes on grass ecosystem during the long-term period （23 years）. We obtained a picture of the preceding development of botanical composition in this stand, due to the assumption that expected climate changes are going to disturb the botanical composition of grassland especially in the grass biome. From the obtained results follows the significant change in botanical composition in grass-herbaceous vegetation with the low share of legumes. It is not possible to confirm strict relation between precipitation during vegetation season and the share of individual botanical group. Analysis of long-term development of the botanical composition of monitored grassland influenced by different pratotechnical interventions demonstrated the significant flexibility this plant community in the times of changing climatic conditions.

多孔种植混凝土性能研究及其在崇明河道中的应用

多孔种植混凝土作为一种新型防护材料,一方面它拥有和水泥基材料一样的强度,能够实现边坡的安全防护,另一方面由于其自身的多孔结构,能够实现植物种植,与传统护坡材料相比具有不可比拟的优势。本文通过实验室制备多孔质混凝土,对其物理力学性能,孔隙率,PH值和植物适生性能进行研究。结果表明,多孔质混凝土强度能够达到6~15MPa,孔隙率能够达到25~30%,PH值8~10,能够为植物生长储存土壤,肥料和水,满足多种植物生长需求。同时将其用于崇明区河道生态环境治理,将护坡和生态修复完美的结合起来。