REE （Rare Earth Element） Geochemistry Signature of an Articulated Horse from Pleistocene Deposits of Fossil Lake, Oregon

REE （Rare Earth Element） signatures in fossil vertebrates from different stratigraphic units are sufficiently distinctive to allow identification of the original unit or location in which fossilization occurred. Our field studies at the classic Pleistocene site of Fossil Lake, Oregon, reveal at least nine exposed depositional packages, most separated by disconformities. Bones analyzed from eight of the defined packages have distinctly different REE signatures. By accruing an extensive REE data library, samples with nebulous origin can be compared to this data library to determine the best stratigraphic context of the fossil. The research involves an articulated horse from the Ferruginous Sandstone unit at Fossil Lake. This unit shows subtle lithological changes which may indicate differences in depositional environment. The recovered specimen transected these subtle variations of this unit. Since REE reflect depositional environment this specimen offers a unique opportunity to investigate the possible variations in a signature due to subtle changes in lithology. This was accomplished by collecting bone and sediment material from 1 cm increments. By relating subtle changes in lithology to possible variations in REE signature, this study will offer a better resolution for application of REE signatures to Paleoenvironmental interpretations, fossil provenience and stratigraphic correlation.

Survey and establishment of Nanshimenzi Bed of Tiaojishan Formation in Qinglong,northern Hebei,China

In recent years,many fossil vertebrates,including feathered dinosaurs,have been discovered at Nanshimenzi village,Gangou Town,Qinglong County,Hebei Province,China.A geological section including the fossil-bearing strata was measured at Nanshimenzi,to determine the exact geological age and sedimentary characteristics of the section,and a new lithostratigraphic unit was named as the Nanshimenzi Bed.The Nanshimenzi Bed is about 56.6 m in thickness,mainly consisting of gray sandstones and siltstones and containing fossil vertebrates and several coal streaks.On the basis of survey and comparison,the Nanshimenzi Bed should be assigned to Tiaojishan Formation and probably to the upper part of the formation.

Division and correlation of Yixian Formation in western Liaoning,China

The Yixian Formation is a series of volcanic-sedimentary rocks in Biepiao area of Liaoning Province. It is mainly composed of basic and intermediate-basic volcanic lava,pyroclasts and terrestrial sedimentary rocks. Based on the regularity of volcanic activity,the Yixian Formation was divided by the present authors into four members in ascending order:the first member is of basal conglomerate,basic and intermediate-basic volcanic rocks; the second member is of lake phrase sedimentary rocks,or in another word,precious fossil-rich sedimentary beds; the third is of basic volcanic rocks; and the fourth is of upper conglomerate. Field mapping and comprehensive study also indicate that there are abundant vertebrate fossils (mainly of Psittacosaurus) in the first member of the Yixian Formation,and the Jehol Biota (including Sinosauropterxy,Confuciusorns sanctus,Archaefructus,etc.) is yielded in the second member of Yixian Formation. From west to east,the volcanic activity of Yixian Formation changed regularly from early to late,and from basic and intermediate-basic to acid (alkali).

应县石庄农业社计划统计股积极为生产为领导服务

县石毙农业社计划统计股种极力生产洛领导服萸疫联石庄农业社是令年二月新成立的高级社极他和劳劫热情。

Clinical Observation of Acupuncture, Stone Scraping plus Cupping Therapy for Neck-type Cervical Spondylosis

Objective： To investigate the efficacy and safety of a composite treatment with stone scraping, cupping, electroacupuncture and infrared irradiation for neck-type cervical spondylosis Methods： Seventy subjects were randomly allocated into composite treatment group （35 cases） and control group （35 cases）. The composite treatment group was treated by scraping along the Governor Meridian, the Gallbladder Meridian and the Bladder Meridian with Geng＇s multifunctional stone plate, quick cupping with subsequent retention of cups, routine electroacupuncture, and infrared irradiation. The control group was treated by routine electroacupuncture and infrared irradiation. Both groups were treated once very other day, 6 times as a course. The clinical curative effects and adverse responses were evaluated immediately after each treatment and at the completion of one course of treatment in both groups. Results： The total immediate effective rate was 88.6% in the composite treatment group and 80.0% in the control group. The immediate effect was significantly better in the composite treatment group than in the control group （P〈0.05）. The total effective rate at the completion of one course of treatment was 97.1% in the composite treatment group and 94.3% in the control group. The curative effect after one course of treatment was also significantly better in the composite treatment group than in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Composite treatment with acupuncture, stone scraping and cupping is safe and effective in treating neck-type cervical spondylosis

Fenxiang biota:a new Early Ordovician shallow-water fauna with soft-part preservation from China

Our perception of biodiversity in the geological past is incomplete and biased because most organisms did not have mineralized skeletons and therefore had little chance of fossilization. This especially refers to shallow- water marine environments, rarely represented by localities with exceptional preservation of fossil material （known as taphonomic windows or Konservat-Lagerstaitten）. Such extraordinary “windows” may markedly broaden our knowledge of biodiversity of the past. Here, we show a review of the invertebrate fossils from recently discovered locality in the Lower Ordovician Fenxiang Formation of Hubei Province in southern China revealing exceptional preservation of soft tissues. The fauna, generally of shal- low-water aspect, contains linguloid brachiopods with a remarkably preserved pedicle, the oldest traces of nema- tode life activities, the oldest reliable record of hydroids, the first fossil antipatharian corals, a pyritized colonial organism of unknown affinity, supposed arthropod ap- pendages, probable phosphatized scalidophoran worm embryo and other fossils. Our discovery supports the opinion that the famous soft-bodied preservation of Bur- gess Shale- or Chengjiang-type did not vanish from the fossil record in post-Cambrian times. The new finding represents a prelude to the Great Ordovician Biodiversifi- cation Event and provides evidence for calibration of molecular clock of several invertebrate lineages.