Dissociative adsorption of HCl on Au(111)has become one of unsolved puzzles in surface chemistry.Despite tremendous efforts in the past years,varioustheoretical models still greatly overestimate the zero-coverage init...Dissociative adsorption of HCl on Au(111)has become one of unsolved puzzles in surface chemistry.Despite tremendous efforts in the past years,varioustheoretical models still greatly overestimate the zero-coverage initial sticking probabilities(So).To find the origin of the large experiment-theory discrepancy,we have revisited the dissociative adsorption of HCl on Au(111)with a newly designed molecular beam-surface apparatus.The zero-coverage So derived from Cl-coverage measurements with varying HCl doses agree well with previous ones.However,we notice a sharp change of the coverage/dose slope with the HCl dosage at the low coverage regime,which may result in some uncertainties to the fitted So value.This seems consistent with a coverage-dependence of the dissociation barrier predicted by density functional theory at low Cl-coverages.Our results reveal the potential inconsistency of utilizing simulations with finite coverage to compare against experimental data with zero coverage in this system,and provide guidance for improving both experiment and theory in this regard.展开更多
为解决概率语言环境下评价信息提取不合理、由学识差异导致决策不够科学高效、传统排序方法区分度不足等问题,提出一种基于累积前景理论和学识评级的改进的概率语言多准则妥协解(probabilistic linguistic vlsekriterijumska optimizaci...为解决概率语言环境下评价信息提取不合理、由学识差异导致决策不够科学高效、传统排序方法区分度不足等问题,提出一种基于累积前景理论和学识评级的改进的概率语言多准则妥协解(probabilistic linguistic vlsekriterijumska optimizacija I kompromisno resenje, PL-VIKOR)群决策方法。首先,基于累积前景理论将概率语言的术语值和概率值融合为综合值;其次,结合主观自我评估与客观社会评级,确定综合权重,以最大化专业贡献度;然后,建立以综合权重为调节依据的修正公式快速实现群体共识;而后,通过引入夹角余弦值提升了VIKOR方法的性能;最后,通过抽水储能项目的选址应用及对比分析,验证了所提方法的有效性和合理性。展开更多
The assumption widely used in the user equilibrium model for stochastic network was that the probability distributions of the travel time were known explicitly by travelers. However, this distribution may be unavailab...The assumption widely used in the user equilibrium model for stochastic network was that the probability distributions of the travel time were known explicitly by travelers. However, this distribution may be unavailable in reality. By relaxing the restrictive assumption, a robust user equilibrium model based on cumulative prospect theory under distribution-free travel time was presented. In the absence of the cumulative distribution function of the travel time, the exact cumulative prospect value(CPV) for each route cannot be obtained. However, the upper and lower bounds on the CPV can be calculated by probability inequalities.Travelers were assumed to choose the routes with the best worst-case CPVs. The proposed model was formulated as a variational inequality problem and solved via a heuristic solution algorithm. A numerical example was also provided to illustrate the application of the proposed model and the efficiency of the solution algorithm.展开更多
A new analytical expression is presented for the instantaneous power Probability Density Function （PDF） of receiver signals over composite K-u/gamma fading channels. Moreover, the exact expression of channel capacit...A new analytical expression is presented for the instantaneous power Probability Density Function （PDF） of receiver signals over composite K-u/gamma fading channels. Moreover, the exact expression of channel capacity is derived in the form of an infinite series, while an accurate approximation expression is obtained in closed form. To reveal the implications of the model parameters on capacity, we provide an expression for the case of a high-SNR environment. The relationship of the presented results with previously reported results on generalised-K and K fading channels is also discussed. Finally, numerical and simulation results are presented to prove the correctness of our derived expressions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22173042,No.21973037,No.22073089,and No.22327801)the In-novation program for Quantum Science and Technolo-gy(No.2021ZD0303304)+2 种基金the Guangdong Science and Technology Program(No.2019ZT08L455 and No.2019JC01X091)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.ZDSYS2020421111001787)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0450101).
文摘Dissociative adsorption of HCl on Au(111)has become one of unsolved puzzles in surface chemistry.Despite tremendous efforts in the past years,varioustheoretical models still greatly overestimate the zero-coverage initial sticking probabilities(So).To find the origin of the large experiment-theory discrepancy,we have revisited the dissociative adsorption of HCl on Au(111)with a newly designed molecular beam-surface apparatus.The zero-coverage So derived from Cl-coverage measurements with varying HCl doses agree well with previous ones.However,we notice a sharp change of the coverage/dose slope with the HCl dosage at the low coverage regime,which may result in some uncertainties to the fitted So value.This seems consistent with a coverage-dependence of the dissociation barrier predicted by density functional theory at low Cl-coverages.Our results reveal the potential inconsistency of utilizing simulations with finite coverage to compare against experimental data with zero coverage in this system,and provide guidance for improving both experiment and theory in this regard.
文摘为解决概率语言环境下评价信息提取不合理、由学识差异导致决策不够科学高效、传统排序方法区分度不足等问题,提出一种基于累积前景理论和学识评级的改进的概率语言多准则妥协解(probabilistic linguistic vlsekriterijumska optimizacija I kompromisno resenje, PL-VIKOR)群决策方法。首先,基于累积前景理论将概率语言的术语值和概率值融合为综合值;其次,结合主观自我评估与客观社会评级,确定综合权重,以最大化专业贡献度;然后,建立以综合权重为调节依据的修正公式快速实现群体共识;而后,通过引入夹角余弦值提升了VIKOR方法的性能;最后,通过抽水储能项目的选址应用及对比分析,验证了所提方法的有效性和合理性。
基金Project(2012CB725400)supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProjects(71271023,71322102,7121001)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The assumption widely used in the user equilibrium model for stochastic network was that the probability distributions of the travel time were known explicitly by travelers. However, this distribution may be unavailable in reality. By relaxing the restrictive assumption, a robust user equilibrium model based on cumulative prospect theory under distribution-free travel time was presented. In the absence of the cumulative distribution function of the travel time, the exact cumulative prospect value(CPV) for each route cannot be obtained. However, the upper and lower bounds on the CPV can be calculated by probability inequalities.Travelers were assumed to choose the routes with the best worst-case CPVs. The proposed model was formulated as a variational inequality problem and solved via a heuristic solution algorithm. A numerical example was also provided to illustrate the application of the proposed model and the efficiency of the solution algorithm.
基金supported by the National NatNatural Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 61132003,No. 61101237the Open Research Fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Southeast University under Grant No. 2012D07
文摘A new analytical expression is presented for the instantaneous power Probability Density Function （PDF） of receiver signals over composite K-u/gamma fading channels. Moreover, the exact expression of channel capacity is derived in the form of an infinite series, while an accurate approximation expression is obtained in closed form. To reveal the implications of the model parameters on capacity, we provide an expression for the case of a high-SNR environment. The relationship of the presented results with previously reported results on generalised-K and K fading channels is also discussed. Finally, numerical and simulation results are presented to prove the correctness of our derived expressions.
