Martin Hilpert,Bert Cappelle&Ilse Depraetere(eds.).2021.Modality and Diachronic Construction Grammar.Amsterdam:John Benjamins.v+251pp.1引言过去20年间,构式语法理论蓬勃发展。该理论在历史语言学领域的广泛应用促使历时...Martin Hilpert,Bert Cappelle&Ilse Depraetere(eds.).2021.Modality and Diachronic Construction Grammar.Amsterdam:John Benjamins.v+251pp.1引言过去20年间,构式语法理论蓬勃发展。该理论在历史语言学领域的广泛应用促使历时构式语法(Diachronic Construction Grammar,简称DxCG)作为独立的语言分析范式形成。DxCG从构式语法的节点和网络观出发,提倡对语言变化进行“网络变化”描写(Hilpert 2021:61)。情态作为语法研究的核心话题,近年来开始被构式语法领域的学者关注。文集《情态与历时构式语法》便是在这一背景下出版的。该文集共八章,2021年由约翰·本杰明出版公司出版,三位编者Martin Hilpert、Bert Cappelle和Ilse Depraetere均是构式语法领域的杰出学者。文集结合定性和定量分析法,刻画了不同语言中多个情态范畴的构式化和构式变化路径,极大地拓宽了构式语法的研究领域,深化了对情态范畴的研究,值得学界关注。本文首先介绍各章内容,之后简要评价。展开更多
Temporal variations in multimodal structures of diurnal( D_1) and semidiurnal( D_2) internal tides were investigated on the continental slope of the Dongsha Plateau, based on 2-month moored acoustic Doppler current pr...Temporal variations in multimodal structures of diurnal( D_1) and semidiurnal( D_2) internal tides were investigated on the continental slope of the Dongsha Plateau, based on 2-month moored acoustic Doppler current profiler observations. Harmonic analysis indicated that the D_1 components( K_1 and O_1) dominated the internal tide field. The vertical structure of the K_1 constituent presented a first-mode structure while the M_2 constituent seemed to exhibit a high-mode structure. Amplitude spectra analysis of the current data revealed differences in baroclinic current amplitudes between different water depths. Temporal variations in modal structures ware analyzed, based on the D_1 and D_2 baroclinic tides extracted from the baroclinic velocity field with band-pass filters. Analysis showed that the magnitude of the D_1 internal tide current was much larger than the D_2 current, and temporal variations in the modal structure of the D_1 internal tide occurred on an approximately fortnightly cycle. The EOF analyses revealed temporal transformation of multimodal structures for D_1 and D_2 internal tides. The enhancement of the D_1 internal tide was mainly due to the superposition of K_1 and O_1, according to the temporal variation of coherent kinetic energy.展开更多
English gerund construction is a system composed of 3 variants, including "Gerund + Φ", "Gerund + of + NP", and "Gerund + NP". The noun and verb attributes of the 3 variants are recursiv...English gerund construction is a system composed of 3 variants, including "Gerund + Φ", "Gerund + of + NP", and "Gerund + NP". The noun and verb attributes of the 3 variants are recursive, and in theory their frequencies vary regularly in different styles. An abstract is placed before the beginning of an academic papers, which has the basic characteristics of conciseness and generalization, and has special requirements for the use of gerunds. The purpose of this study was to empirically explore the system of gerund construction in abstracts of natural science and social science papers, and to specifically explore the inherent characteristics of noun and verb properties of the 3 variants. For this purpose, two corpora were constructed, one is about abstracts of natural science papers, and the other is about abstracts of social science papers. Finally, the results of chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference in the frequencies of the 3 variants in the abstracts of natural science and social science papers, and the two corpora can be studied as a whole. In the combined corpus, there were significant differences in the frequencies of the 3 gerund variants. The frequencies of these 3 variants and their gerund properties showed a recursive change.展开更多
Mooring observations were conducted from July 16, 2011 to March 30, 2012 east of Mindanao, Philippines （127°2.8＇E, 8°0.3＇N） to observe the abyssal current at about 5 600 m deep and 500 m above the ocean ...Mooring observations were conducted from July 16, 2011 to March 30, 2012 east of Mindanao, Philippines （127°2.8＇E, 8°0.3＇N） to observe the abyssal current at about 5 600 m deep and 500 m above the ocean bottom. Several features were revealed： 1） the observed abyssal current was highly variable with standard deviations of 57.3 mrn/s and 34.0 ram/s, larger than the mean values of-31.9 and 16.6 mm/s for the zonal and meridional components, respectively; 2） low-frequency current longer than 6 days exhibited strong seasonal variation, flowing southeastward （mean flow direction of 119.0° clockwise from north） before about October 1, 2011 and northwestward （mean flow direction of 60.5° counter-clockwise from north） thereafter; 3） the high-frequency flow bands were dominated by tidal currents O1, K1, M2, and S2, and near-inertial currents, whose frequencies were higher than the local inertial frequency. The two diurnal tidal constituents were much stronger than the two semidiumal ones. This study provides for the first time an observational insight into the abyssal western boundary current east of Mindanao based on long-term observations at one site. It is meaningful for further research into the deep and abyssal circulation over the whole Philippine Sea and the 3D structure of the westem boundary current system in this region. More observational and high-resolution model studies are needed to examine the spatial structure and temporal variation of the abyssal current over a much larger space and longer period, their relation to the upper-layer circulation, and the underlying dynamics.展开更多
文摘Martin Hilpert,Bert Cappelle&Ilse Depraetere(eds.).2021.Modality and Diachronic Construction Grammar.Amsterdam:John Benjamins.v+251pp.1引言过去20年间,构式语法理论蓬勃发展。该理论在历史语言学领域的广泛应用促使历时构式语法(Diachronic Construction Grammar,简称DxCG)作为独立的语言分析范式形成。DxCG从构式语法的节点和网络观出发,提倡对语言变化进行“网络变化”描写(Hilpert 2021:61)。情态作为语法研究的核心话题,近年来开始被构式语法领域的学者关注。文集《情态与历时构式语法》便是在这一背景下出版的。该文集共八章,2021年由约翰·本杰明出版公司出版,三位编者Martin Hilpert、Bert Cappelle和Ilse Depraetere均是构式语法领域的杰出学者。文集结合定性和定量分析法,刻画了不同语言中多个情态范畴的构式化和构式变化路径,极大地拓宽了构式语法的研究领域,深化了对情态范畴的研究,值得学界关注。本文首先介绍各章内容,之后简要评价。
基金Supported by the State Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2013AA122803,2013AA09A502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41206001,41371496)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(No.ZR2014DM017)National Key Technology Research and Development Program(No.2013BAK05B04)
文摘Temporal variations in multimodal structures of diurnal( D_1) and semidiurnal( D_2) internal tides were investigated on the continental slope of the Dongsha Plateau, based on 2-month moored acoustic Doppler current profiler observations. Harmonic analysis indicated that the D_1 components( K_1 and O_1) dominated the internal tide field. The vertical structure of the K_1 constituent presented a first-mode structure while the M_2 constituent seemed to exhibit a high-mode structure. Amplitude spectra analysis of the current data revealed differences in baroclinic current amplitudes between different water depths. Temporal variations in modal structures ware analyzed, based on the D_1 and D_2 baroclinic tides extracted from the baroclinic velocity field with band-pass filters. Analysis showed that the magnitude of the D_1 internal tide current was much larger than the D_2 current, and temporal variations in the modal structure of the D_1 internal tide occurred on an approximately fortnightly cycle. The EOF analyses revealed temporal transformation of multimodal structures for D_1 and D_2 internal tides. The enhancement of the D_1 internal tide was mainly due to the superposition of K_1 and O_1, according to the temporal variation of coherent kinetic energy.
基金supported by the Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Fund of Ministry of Education for Western and Frontier Areas(14XJA740001)。
文摘English gerund construction is a system composed of 3 variants, including "Gerund + Φ", "Gerund + of + NP", and "Gerund + NP". The noun and verb attributes of the 3 variants are recursive, and in theory their frequencies vary regularly in different styles. An abstract is placed before the beginning of an academic papers, which has the basic characteristics of conciseness and generalization, and has special requirements for the use of gerunds. The purpose of this study was to empirically explore the system of gerund construction in abstracts of natural science and social science papers, and to specifically explore the inherent characteristics of noun and verb properties of the 3 variants. For this purpose, two corpora were constructed, one is about abstracts of natural science papers, and the other is about abstracts of social science papers. Finally, the results of chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference in the frequencies of the 3 variants in the abstracts of natural science and social science papers, and the two corpora can be studied as a whole. In the combined corpus, there were significant differences in the frequencies of the 3 gerund variants. The frequencies of these 3 variants and their gerund properties showed a recursive change.
基金Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2013M530331)the Project of State Strategic Program of Global Change(No.2013CB956202)
文摘Mooring observations were conducted from July 16, 2011 to March 30, 2012 east of Mindanao, Philippines （127°2.8＇E, 8°0.3＇N） to observe the abyssal current at about 5 600 m deep and 500 m above the ocean bottom. Several features were revealed： 1） the observed abyssal current was highly variable with standard deviations of 57.3 mrn/s and 34.0 ram/s, larger than the mean values of-31.9 and 16.6 mm/s for the zonal and meridional components, respectively; 2） low-frequency current longer than 6 days exhibited strong seasonal variation, flowing southeastward （mean flow direction of 119.0° clockwise from north） before about October 1, 2011 and northwestward （mean flow direction of 60.5° counter-clockwise from north） thereafter; 3） the high-frequency flow bands were dominated by tidal currents O1, K1, M2, and S2, and near-inertial currents, whose frequencies were higher than the local inertial frequency. The two diurnal tidal constituents were much stronger than the two semidiumal ones. This study provides for the first time an observational insight into the abyssal western boundary current east of Mindanao based on long-term observations at one site. It is meaningful for further research into the deep and abyssal circulation over the whole Philippine Sea and the 3D structure of the westem boundary current system in this region. More observational and high-resolution model studies are needed to examine the spatial structure and temporal variation of the abyssal current over a much larger space and longer period, their relation to the upper-layer circulation, and the underlying dynamics.
