关于日语对称构文的考察

关于"相互构文"的先行研究一般只关注构文的形式(如是否使用「V合う」),而对于其它方面的特征并没有系统讨论,这样导致了没有相互性的"共同行为者"构文也被看做相互构文等问题。为了与这样的构文相区别,动作主体和动作接受者之间有相互性的句子将被称为"对称构文"。将从类型论的角度来考察"对称构文",设定了对称构文成立的6大条件,满足所有条件的对称构文称为"典型对称构文",满足部分条件的对称构文称为"疑似对称构文"。

「のです」构文剖析

「のです」构文应用性极强 ,本文使用大量例句进行分析、佐证 ,希望对日语学习者有所帮助。

「XはXで~」構文をめぐって

本稿は、日本語における「XはXで~する」という構文が、自同表現(トートロジー)を基本とした構造であることを主張する。この構文では「X」の立場や場合が焦点化され、「(ほかのものはともかく)Xについてどうかいえば」というような意味となる。この構文に関連して、「それはそれで」のような表現も事態や情報を改めて対照するものとして位置づけられる。

职高文秘专业应用写作教学刍议

本文针对应用写作教学的教学任务和教学目的,提出应用写作教学应讲求"四要",即:要加强阅读训练及写作训练,要重视构文程式的教学,要注重考试考查的引导。

Grammar Model Based on Lexical Substring Extraction for RNA Secondary Structure Prediction

[Objective] To examine the grammar model based on lexical substring exac- tion for RNA secondary structure prediction. [Method] By introducing cloud model into stochastic grammar model, a machine learning algorithm suitable for the lexicalized stochastic grammar model was proposed. The word grid mode was used to extract and divide RNA sequence to acquire lexical substring, and the cloud classifier was used to search the maximum probability of each lemma which was marked as a certain sec- ondary structure type. Then, the lemma information was introduced into the training stochastic grammar process as prior information, realizing the prediction on the sec- ondary structure of RNA, and the method was tested by experiment. [Result] The experimental results showed that the prediction accuracy and searching speed of stochastic grammar cloud model were significantly improved from the prediction with simple stochastic grammar. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the wide application of stochastic grammar model for RNA secondary structure prediction.

The Spirit of Craftsmanship and Industrial Civilization

The spirit of craftsmanship applies to every trade. In the context of opportunities arising from the new industrial revolution and China＇s transition towards high-end manufacturing, Premier Li Keqiang put forward the concept of the spirit of craftsmanship. This paper reckons that the spirit of craftsmanship can be defined from six dimensions including dedication, standard, precision, innovation, perfection and human care. In fact, the spirit of craftsmanship abounds in China, as illustrated by the examples of Tongrentang and Haier. In comparing the three manufacturing powers of Germany, Japan and the United States, this paper reveals the differences in the connotations of the spirit of craftsmanship across these countries. According to specific national conditions and development stage, China must achieve structural re-engineering of corporate organizations at the level of firms, products, divisions and modules. In a nutshell, the spirit of craftsmanship is a core component of corporate and industrial civilization and it holds an important historic position in industrial and social civilization.

The framework and cultivating modes of intercultural communication competence for business English majors in vocational colleges： Based on the study of vocational colleges in Guangxi

The teaching objective of vocational business English is not only to improve students＇ English language competence, but also to develop their intercultural communication competence. Based on an analysis of the outcome of a survey on cultivation of English majors＇ intercultural competence among vocational colleges in Guangxi, the paper aims at exploring the framework and cultivating modes of intercultural communication competence for business English majors in vocational colleges.

Decoding the Homosexuality of Western Culture in Archetypal Approach

Homosexuality is a special part of western gender studies, which has been studied by western intellectual ever since it was born. Owing to the different attitudes of various cultures in different spatial-times, it was more depressed rather than accepted, but as an objective being in histor）; it shows itself a static state accompanying the whole human history. Today homosexuality has been one of the mainstreams in western intellectual movement and it is vitally important for us to give it a reasonable, precise definition in order to build up a harmonious society. This article tries to break through the bondage of material determinism and economical monism. It will be guided by the principle to delve into the human sub-consciousness to find the same essence between homosexuality and heterosexuality, to trace back to the origin of homosexuality in archetypal approach in order to reveal the anxiety of the legality of human existence and its poetic construction, which is hidden behind the cultural phenomenon.

Analysis of TEM-4 compositions in 2008

The Test for English Majors Band-4（TEM4） is annually taken for the second year students in China and it is based on the requirement of English teaching syllabus for English majors. This paper has collected some of students＇ compositions of TEM-4, and according to the score evaluation of the syllabus as well as TEM-4, the paper aims to analyze students＇ errors and find out their reasons behind in order to improve students＇ writing capacity in TEM-4.

Archaeal and bacterial communities in acid mine drainage from metal-rich abandoned tailing ponds, Tongling, China

To expand knowledge on microbial communities of various metal-rich levels of mine drainage environments in Anhui province, China, the archaeal and bacterial diversities were examined using a PCR-based cloning approach. Eight acid mine water samples were collected from five areas in Tongling. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that bacteria mainly fell into ten divisions, which were Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Nitrospira, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi. Archaea fell into three phylogenetic divisions, Thermoplasma, Ferroplasma and Thermogymnomonas. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean（UPGMA） cluster analysis based on the microbial communities’ compositions revealed that five samples shared similarity with the dominance of Meiothermus and Thermomonas. Two samples had the preponderant existence of Acidithiobacillus and Leptospirillum. The remaining sample owned higher microbial communities’ diversity with the Shannon-Weaver H up to 2.91. Canonical correlation analysis（CCA） suggested that microbial community structures had great association with p H and the concentration of Hg2＋, Pb2＋, Fe3＋, Cl-, SO2- 4in water.

Prediction for Dynamic Characteristics of Ring-Plate Planetary Indexing Cam Mechanism

This paper is aimed to propose an approach to predict the dynamic characteristics of ring-plate planetary indexing cam mechanism, which is a novel type of indexing mechanism that employs internal planetary transmission structure. Firstly, the geometry and structure of the mechanism are discussed and the kinematic practicability is simulated with virtual prototype design. Then a 3D finite element model of the ring-plate planetary indexing cam mechanism is developed with the commercial software of MATLAB and ANSYS. Through the finite element analysis, the natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes are predicted in one motion cycle. On the basis of the virtual prototype design and finite element analysis, an experimental prototype is made and tested to validate the prediction of the dynamic characteristics. The agreement between experimental results and the finite element analysis testifies that the finite element model developed is applicable to the prediction of the dynamic characteristics of this type of mechanism.

「テイタ」の意味とそれに対応する中国語訳

本稿は文学作品から「テイタ」の用例を採集し、「テイタ」の意味を整理する。そして、それぞれの意味に対応する中国語訳を対照して、中国語母語転移の角度から「テイタ」の習得に影響を与える要素を考える。さらに「テイタ」の機能を考察する。それによって、中国語母語話者に「テイタ」を教えるにあたっての留意点を提示する。

Construction of a full bacterial artificial chromosome(BAC) library of Oryza sativa genome

We have constructed a full BAC library for the superior eaxly indica variety of OryZa sativa, Guang Lu Ai4. The MAX Efficiency DHlOB with increased stabilltyof inserts was used as BAC host cells. The potent pBelo BACII with double selection markers was used as cloning vector. The cloning efficiency we have reached was as high as 98%, and the transformation efficiency was raised up to 1Oo transformants / pg of large fragment DNA. The BAC recombinant transformants were picked at random and analyzed for the size of inserts, which turned out to be of 120 kb in length on average. We have obtained more than 20,000 such BAC clones. According to conventional probabillty equation, they covered the entire rice genome of 420,000 kb in length. The entire length of inserts of the library obtained has the 5- to 6- fold coverage of the genome. To our knowledge, this is the first reported full BAC library for a complex genome.

Influence of expanded polystyrene size on deformation characteristics of light weight soil

Deformation characteristics of light weight soil with different EPS (expanded polystyrene) sizes were investigated by consolidation tests.The results show that the confined stress-strain relation curve is in S shape,which has a good homologous relation with e-p curve and e-lgp curve,and three types of curves reflect obvious structural characteristics of light weight soil.When cement mixed ratio and EPS volume ratio are the same for different specimens,structural strength decreases with the increase of EPS size,but compressibility indexes basically keep unchanged within the structural strength.The settlement of light weight soil can be divided into instantaneous settlement and primary consolidation settlement.It has no obvious rheology property,and 90% of total consolidation deformation can be finished in 1 min.Settlement-time relation of light weight soil can be predicted by the hyperbolic model.S-lgt curve of light weight soil is not in anti-S shape.It is proved that there is no secondary consolidation section,so consolidation coefficient cannot be obtained by time logarithm method.Structural strength and unit price decrease with the increase of EPS size,but the reducing rate of the structural strength is lower than that of the unit price,so the cost of mixed soil can be reduced by increasing the EPS size.The EPS beads with 3-5 mm in diameter are suggested to be used in the construction process,and the prescription of mixed soil can be optimized.

Exploring proximity based peer clustering in BitTorrent-like Peer-to-Peer file sharing systems

A hierarchical clustered BitTorrent （CBT） system is proposed to improve the file sharing perior-mance of the BitTorrent system, in which peers are grouped into clusters in a large-scale BitTorrent-hke underlying overlay network in such a way that clusters are evenly distributed and that the peers within the cluster are relatively close to each other. A fluid model is developed to compare the performance of the proposed CBT system with the BitTorrent system, and the result shows that the CBT system can effectively improve the performance of the system. Simulation results also demonstrate that the CBT system improves the system scalabihty and efficiency while retaining the robustness and incentives of the original BitTorrent paradigm.

A flexible architecture for job management in a grid environment

Job management is a key issue in computational grids, and normally involves job definition, scheduling, executing and monitoring. However, job management in the existing grid middleware needs to be improved in terms of efficiency and flexibility. This paper addresses a flexible architecture for job management with detailed design and implementation. Frameworks for job scheduling and monitoring, as two important aspects, are also presented. The proposed job management has the advantages of reusability of job definition, flexible and automatic file operation, visual steering of file transfer and job execution, and adaptive application job scheduler. A job management wizard is designed to implement each step. Therefore, what the grid user needs to do is only to define the job by constructing necessary information at runtime. In addition, the job space is adopted to ensure the security of the job management. Experimental results showed that this approach is user-friendly and system efficient.

The role of cultural and creative industries in optimizing industrial structure under low-carbon emission constraint

In the post-financial crisis era,China is facing dual pressure from reducing carbon emissions and external demand stagnation.The industrial structure changing is in urgent needs.The cultural and creative industries can expand China's markets through creating and stimulating demands,and can reduce carbon emissions at the same time.By producing both demands and supplies,cultural and creative industries may lead the development of other industries.Since innovation plays a quite important role in the value chain,cultural and creative industries can promote the industrial upgrading and the industrial structure optimization by industrial convergence.

Sentence-making and thought patterns： Probe into the differences between English and Chinese

Different histories and cultures breed people in the West and the East, and shape their different thought patterns. The differences are manifested in languages they speak and constitute an obstacle in bi-directional understanding and interpretation. In the paper, efforts are made to exemplify the differences in English and Chinese sentence-making, and explain them in terms of the different thought patterns. The author hopes to facilitate readers to have a better understanding of the 2 different peoples and languages.

Is a Human Right to Democracy Justifiable？

In this article, I examine the view that there is a human right to democracy, and consider why we should regard this issue as decisive in solving the problems of foreign interference in the protection of human rights. I also note that there has been almost no discussion about the holder of the human right to democracy, that is, who is to hold this right. After comparing John Rawls＇ argument against the human right to democracy and Thomas Christiano＇s argument for it and showing similarities and critical differences among their arguments, I insist that we ought to be sensitive when proclaiming that democracy--be it a minimally egalitarian democracy or a more exacting one--is a universal value. We have sufficient cause to consider carefully not only the political circumstances but also the political infrastructure of the country before we proceed to an even limited intervention in the name of the protection of a human right to democracy. If the human right to democracy is not just a right to vote, but a right to the whole process of establishment and enjoyment of democracy, it should be understood as a group right that pertains to a human population that legitimately claims political self-determination. Any human population that insists on the democratic self-determination of their political will is both able and entitled to establish and administer democratic institutions, regardless of the diversity of its ascribed or cultural characteristics. The establishment of such a group with a firm political identity should be considered as the political infrastructure to claim and exercise the human right to democracy.

The 1787 Drama Dictionary as an Instrument of Enlightenment in Imperial Russia

The Russian theatre has not been neglected in the studies on theatre history, literary criticism and dramatic arts. The paper attempts to have a look at the 1787 Drama Dictionary, the first theatre reference book published in the country （with a very long Russian title containing 35 words） as a cultural product of the Enlightenment Age produced by its representative. In the introduction to the dictionary the compiler says that the publication would help young people develop a taste for refined entertainment and reject violent leisure activities of the past, enjoy theatre and learn life moral lessons from it. He considers theatre as a powerful means of changing Russian society as has been demanded by the Enlightenment Age. The structural and sociocultural analyses of 1787 Drama Dictionary materials give us an insight into some ways of westernising Russian society through theatre and how this westernisation was reflected in the theatre terminology of the time. I have argued that Russian-European Relationships resulting in the westernisation of Russian theatre theory and practices went hand in hand with the Russian translation-adaptation of Western plays and adaptation of some Western cultural patterns of social thinking and behaviour without rejecting completely the national identity in newly-born Russian dramatic literature.