模块化多电平换流器(MMC)是高压大容量柔性直流(VSC-HVDC)输电工程的核心,换流器设备的参数设计和型式试验需要基于其暂态过电压的分析结果。为此,提出了模块化多电平换流器的操作过电压计算模型。基于±500 k V柔性直流输电工程的...模块化多电平换流器(MMC)是高压大容量柔性直流(VSC-HVDC)输电工程的核心,换流器设备的参数设计和型式试验需要基于其暂态过电压的分析结果。为此,提出了模块化多电平换流器的操作过电压计算模型。基于±500 k V柔性直流输电工程的系统参数,研究了模块化多电平换流器设备的设计参数对操作过电压的影响,包括避雷器、桥臂电抗器和子模块储能电容器。结果表明:对于模块化多电平换流器,操作过电压分析中起决定作用的故障工况是换流器交流出口单相接地故障、换流器直流出口单极接地故障、和换流器交流出口相间短路故障;避雷器的荷电率增加时,模块化多电平换流器交流侧相对地、直流侧极对地和桥臂端间的最大操作过电压幅值降低;桥臂电抗器的电感值增加时,模块化多电平换流器的交流侧相对地最大操作过电压幅值降低;子模块储能电容器的电容值增加时,模块化多电平换流器直流侧极对地最大操作过电压幅值增加。研究结果可为柔性直流输电工程换流器的设计和试验提供参考。展开更多
After people or vehicles press, piezoelectric ceramics can send a weak and unstable alternating current. According to this characteristic, we made feet pressing energy collection and utilization device based on piezoe...After people or vehicles press, piezoelectric ceramics can send a weak and unstable alternating current. According to this characteristic, we made feet pressing energy collection and utilization device based on piezoelectric ceramics. The two parts of this device includes energy storage and utilization. In terms of storage, the energy collection module, can deposit AC sent by piezoelectric ceramics in the super capacitor after rectification. In terms of utilization of energy, the device achieve a variety of usage： through the USB interface, it can supply power for different equipments, replace the mobile station of train stations and realize the function of saving the electricity as the night corridor induction lamp, combined with vibration module design and programmable timer. The whole structure is supported by an acrylic plate, which saves cost and have good durability. This device implements the storage and usage of idle feet pressing energy. In conclusion, it is helpful to provide a new idea for people＇ s low carbon lives and has a quite broad application prospect.展开更多
Regenerative braking is presented in many electric traction applications such as electric and hybrid vehicles, lifts and railway. The regenerated energy can be stored for future use, increasing the efficiency of the s...Regenerative braking is presented in many electric traction applications such as electric and hybrid vehicles, lifts and railway. The regenerated energy can be stored for future use, increasing the efficiency of the system. This paper outlines the benefits of the MMC （modular multilevel converter） in front of the cascaded or series connection of converters to achieve high voltage from low voltage storage elements such as supercapacitors. The paper compares three different solutions and shows that the MMC can benefit from weight and volume reduction of the output inductance when shifted switching modulation strategy is used. Using this modulation strategy, not only the output frequency is increased, but also the magnitude of the inductor applied voltage is reduced, reducing inductor size and volume.展开更多
文摘模块化多电平换流器(MMC)是高压大容量柔性直流(VSC-HVDC)输电工程的核心,换流器设备的参数设计和型式试验需要基于其暂态过电压的分析结果。为此,提出了模块化多电平换流器的操作过电压计算模型。基于±500 k V柔性直流输电工程的系统参数,研究了模块化多电平换流器设备的设计参数对操作过电压的影响,包括避雷器、桥臂电抗器和子模块储能电容器。结果表明:对于模块化多电平换流器,操作过电压分析中起决定作用的故障工况是换流器交流出口单相接地故障、换流器直流出口单极接地故障、和换流器交流出口相间短路故障;避雷器的荷电率增加时,模块化多电平换流器交流侧相对地、直流侧极对地和桥臂端间的最大操作过电压幅值降低;桥臂电抗器的电感值增加时,模块化多电平换流器的交流侧相对地最大操作过电压幅值降低;子模块储能电容器的电容值增加时,模块化多电平换流器直流侧极对地最大操作过电压幅值增加。研究结果可为柔性直流输电工程换流器的设计和试验提供参考。
文摘After people or vehicles press, piezoelectric ceramics can send a weak and unstable alternating current. According to this characteristic, we made feet pressing energy collection and utilization device based on piezoelectric ceramics. The two parts of this device includes energy storage and utilization. In terms of storage, the energy collection module, can deposit AC sent by piezoelectric ceramics in the super capacitor after rectification. In terms of utilization of energy, the device achieve a variety of usage： through the USB interface, it can supply power for different equipments, replace the mobile station of train stations and realize the function of saving the electricity as the night corridor induction lamp, combined with vibration module design and programmable timer. The whole structure is supported by an acrylic plate, which saves cost and have good durability. This device implements the storage and usage of idle feet pressing energy. In conclusion, it is helpful to provide a new idea for people＇ s low carbon lives and has a quite broad application prospect.
文摘Regenerative braking is presented in many electric traction applications such as electric and hybrid vehicles, lifts and railway. The regenerated energy can be stored for future use, increasing the efficiency of the system. This paper outlines the benefits of the MMC （modular multilevel converter） in front of the cascaded or series connection of converters to achieve high voltage from low voltage storage elements such as supercapacitors. The paper compares three different solutions and shows that the MMC can benefit from weight and volume reduction of the output inductance when shifted switching modulation strategy is used. Using this modulation strategy, not only the output frequency is increased, but also the magnitude of the inductor applied voltage is reduced, reducing inductor size and volume.
