单线双方向集中移频自动闭塞室内模拟试验

1.前言在单线区段增设双方向自动闭塞制式是提高单线区段运输能力的有效措施,如何在施工中解决设备安装、试验与运输的矛盾是施工的关键问题。由于集中移频自动闭塞制式的主要设备都集中安装在信号楼继电器室内,因此,采取适当的方法做好室内模拟试验。

地铁盾构区间偏载断面加卸载影响研究

随着我国城市化进程,地铁线路向城市外围延伸,地铁沿线周边地块尚未实现规划的现象越来越多。待地铁运营后再对区间上方的地貌实现规划,必然存在盾构上方加卸载情况。因此,有必要对地面加卸载对盾构区间的影响进行分析,以确保隧道结构安全。本文通过对现状偏载断面实现规划时加卸载工况对盾构隧道的影响进行分析,并提出工程建议。

空间带电粒子辐照效应的地面加速试验研究

空间带电粒子辐照下空间材料的损伤与失效是空间材料学研究的重要组成内容,地面模拟加速试验是研究材料辐照损伤效应的重要方法和技术途径。文章阐述了地面辐照加速试验的方法及相关概念,以光学石英玻璃为例验证辐照加速试验与模拟等效区间的概念,为当前研究材料在空间带电粒子辐照环境条件下的行为与航天器设计、选材提供科学依据。

Impacts of Vegetation on the Intraseasonal Oscillation Simulated by the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM3)

The influences of vegetation on intraseasonal oscillation （ISO） were examined using the Community Atmosphere Model version 3 （CAM3）. Two 15-year numerical experiments were completed： the first was performed with a realistic vegetation distribution （VEG run）, and the second was identical to the VEG run except without land vegetation （NOVEG run）. Generally speak- ing, CAM3 was able to reproduce the spatial distribution of the ISO, but the ISO intensity in the simulation was much weaker than that observed in nature： the 1SO has a relatively much stronger signal. A comparison of the VEG run with the NOVEG run revealed that the presence of vegetation usually produces a weak ISO. The vegetation effects on ISO intensity were significant over West Africa and South Asia, especially in the summer half-year. Vegetation also plays an important role in modulating ISO propagation. The eastward propagation of the ISO in the VEG run was clearer than that in the NOVEG run over the West African and Maritime Continent regions. The northward propagation of the ISO in the VEG run was more consistent with observation than that in the NOVEG run.

On the mathematically reliable long-term simulation of chaotic solutions of Lorenz equation in the interval [0,10000]

Using 1200 CPUs of the National Supercomputer TH-A1 and a parallel integral algorithm based on the 3500th-order Taylor expansion and the 4180-digit multiple precision data,we have done a reliable simulation of chaotic solution of Lorenz equation in a rather long interval 0 t 10000 LTU(Lorenz time unit).Such a kind of mathematically reliable chaotic simulation has never been reported.It provides us a numerical benchmark for mathematically reliable long-term prediction of chaos.Besides,it also proposes a safe method for mathematically reliable simulations of chaos in a finite but long enough interval.In addition,our very fine simulations suggest that such a kind of mathematically reliable long-term prediction of chaotic solution might have no physical meanings,because the inherent physical micro-level uncertainty due to thermal fluctuation might quickly transfer into macroscopic uncertainty so that trajectories for a long enough time would be essentially uncertain in physics.

Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analyses for Modeling Long-Term Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics of Paddy Soils Under Different Climate-Soil-Management Combinations

Reporting modeling results with uncertainty information can benefit decision making by decreasing the extent that variability exerts a disproportionate influence on the options selected. For making decisions with more confidence, the uncertainty interval should be as narrow as possible. Here, the soil organic carbon （SOC） dynamics of the major paddy soil subgroup from 4 different paddy field regions of China （located in 4 counties under different climate-soil-management combinations） were modeled using the DeNitrification- DeComposition （DNDC） model for the period from 1980 to 2008. Uncertainty intervals associated with the SOC dynamics for these 4 subgroups were estimated by a long-term global sensitivity and uncertainty analysis （i. e., the Sobolt method）, and their sensitivities to 7 influential factors were quantified using the total effect sensitivity index. The results, modeled with high confidence, indicated that in the past 29 years, the studied paddy soils in Xinxing, Yixing, and Zhongjiang counties were carbon （C） sinks, while the paddy soil in Helong County was a C source. The 3 C sinks sequestered 12.2 （5.4, 19.6）, 17.1 （8.9, 25.0）, and 16.9 （-1.2, 33.6） t C ha-1 （values in the parentheses are the 5th and 95th percentiles, respectively）. Conversely, the C source had a loss of -5.4 （-14.2, 0.06） t C ha-1 in the past 29 years. The 7 factors, which changed with the climate-soil-management context, exhibited variable influences on modeled SOC. Measures with potential to conserve or sequestrate more C into paddy soils, such as incorporating more crop residues into soils and reducing chemical fertilizer application rates, were recommended for specific soils based on the sensitivity analysis results.