应用ArcGIS软件中的Topo to Raster工具、MATLAB软件中的人工神经网络及Surfer软件中自然邻点法,本文对使用差分GPS测量的青藏高原不同地区的冰碛垄数据进行了数字地貌模拟,从模拟精度、准确度、地貌晕渲、易操作性及后期定量分析等方...应用ArcGIS软件中的Topo to Raster工具、MATLAB软件中的人工神经网络及Surfer软件中自然邻点法,本文对使用差分GPS测量的青藏高原不同地区的冰碛垄数据进行了数字地貌模拟,从模拟精度、准确度、地貌晕渲、易操作性及后期定量分析等方面进行了分析对比。结果表明ArcGIS中的Topo to Raster工具较其他两种方法有较好的模拟精度;综合考虑各方面因素,ArcGIS软件在冰碛垄地貌的定量研究中具有优势。展开更多
To conduct a large-scale hydrologic-response and landform evolution simulation at high resolution,a complex physics-based numerical model,the Integrated Hydrology Model(InHM),was revised utilizing cluster parallel com...To conduct a large-scale hydrologic-response and landform evolution simulation at high resolution,a complex physics-based numerical model,the Integrated Hydrology Model(InHM),was revised utilizing cluster parallel computing.The parallelized InHM(ParInHM) divides the simulated area into multiple catchments based on geomorphologic features,and generates boundary-value problems for each catchment to construct simulation tasks,which are then dispatched to different computers to start the simulation.Landform evolution is considered during simulating and implemention in one framework.The dynamical Longest-Processing-Time(LPT) first scheduling algorithm is applied to job management.In addition,a pause-integratedivide-resume routine method is used to ensure the hydrologic validity during the simulation period.The routine repeats until the entire simulation period is finished.ParInHM has been tested in a computer cluster that uses 16 processors for the calculation,to simulate 100 years' hydrologic-response and soil erosion for the 117-km2 Kaho'olawe Island in the Hawaiian Islands under two different mesh resolutions.The efficiency of ParInHM was evaluated by comparing the performance of the cluster system utilizing different numbers of processors,as well as the performance of non-parallelized system without domain decomposition.The results of this study show that it is feasible to conduct a regional-scale hydrologic-response and sediment transport simulation at high resolution without demanding significant computing resources.展开更多
The glacial trough is a common glacier erosion landscape, which plays an important role in the study of glacier erosion processes. In a sharp contrast with the developing river, which is generally meandering, the deve...The glacial trough is a common glacier erosion landscape, which plays an important role in the study of glacier erosion processes. In a sharp contrast with the developing river, which is generally meandering, the developing glacial trough is usually wide and straight. Is the straightness of the glacial trough just the special phenomenon of some areas or a universal feature? What controls the straightness of the glacial trough? Until now, these issues have not been studied yet. In this paper, we conduct systematic numerical models of the glacier erosion and simulate the erosion evolution process of the glacial trough. Numerical simulations show that:(1) while the meandering glacier is eroding deeper to form the U-shaped cross section, the glacier is eroding laterally. The erosion rate of the ice-facing slope is bigger than that of the back-slope.(2) The smaller(bigger) the slope is, the smaller(bigger) the glacier erosion intensity is.(3) The smaller(bigger) the ice discharge is, the smaller(bigger) the glacier erosion intensity is. In the glacier erosion process, the erosion rate of the ice-facing slope is always greater than that of the back-slope. Therefore, the glacial trough always develops into more straight form. This paper comes to the conclusion that the shape evolution of the glacial trough is controlled mainly by the erosion mechanism of the glacier. Thereby, the glacial trough prefers straight geometry.展开更多
文摘应用ArcGIS软件中的Topo to Raster工具、MATLAB软件中的人工神经网络及Surfer软件中自然邻点法,本文对使用差分GPS测量的青藏高原不同地区的冰碛垄数据进行了数字地貌模拟,从模拟精度、准确度、地貌晕渲、易操作性及后期定量分析等方面进行了分析对比。结果表明ArcGIS中的Topo to Raster工具较其他两种方法有较好的模拟精度;综合考虑各方面因素,ArcGIS软件在冰碛垄地貌的定量研究中具有优势。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program) (Grant No. 2011CB409901-1)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. R5110012)the E-Project of Microsoft Research Asia
文摘To conduct a large-scale hydrologic-response and landform evolution simulation at high resolution,a complex physics-based numerical model,the Integrated Hydrology Model(InHM),was revised utilizing cluster parallel computing.The parallelized InHM(ParInHM) divides the simulated area into multiple catchments based on geomorphologic features,and generates boundary-value problems for each catchment to construct simulation tasks,which are then dispatched to different computers to start the simulation.Landform evolution is considered during simulating and implemention in one framework.The dynamical Longest-Processing-Time(LPT) first scheduling algorithm is applied to job management.In addition,a pause-integratedivide-resume routine method is used to ensure the hydrologic validity during the simulation period.The routine repeats until the entire simulation period is finished.ParInHM has been tested in a computer cluster that uses 16 processors for the calculation,to simulate 100 years' hydrologic-response and soil erosion for the 117-km2 Kaho'olawe Island in the Hawaiian Islands under two different mesh resolutions.The efficiency of ParInHM was evaluated by comparing the performance of the cluster system utilizing different numbers of processors,as well as the performance of non-parallelized system without domain decomposition.The results of this study show that it is feasible to conduct a regional-scale hydrologic-response and sediment transport simulation at high resolution without demanding significant computing resources.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41174067)
文摘The glacial trough is a common glacier erosion landscape, which plays an important role in the study of glacier erosion processes. In a sharp contrast with the developing river, which is generally meandering, the developing glacial trough is usually wide and straight. Is the straightness of the glacial trough just the special phenomenon of some areas or a universal feature? What controls the straightness of the glacial trough? Until now, these issues have not been studied yet. In this paper, we conduct systematic numerical models of the glacier erosion and simulate the erosion evolution process of the glacial trough. Numerical simulations show that:(1) while the meandering glacier is eroding deeper to form the U-shaped cross section, the glacier is eroding laterally. The erosion rate of the ice-facing slope is bigger than that of the back-slope.(2) The smaller(bigger) the slope is, the smaller(bigger) the glacier erosion intensity is.(3) The smaller(bigger) the ice discharge is, the smaller(bigger) the glacier erosion intensity is. In the glacier erosion process, the erosion rate of the ice-facing slope is always greater than that of the back-slope. Therefore, the glacial trough always develops into more straight form. This paper comes to the conclusion that the shape evolution of the glacial trough is controlled mainly by the erosion mechanism of the glacier. Thereby, the glacial trough prefers straight geometry.
