Contemporary world is developing system and we must have the new models. Any complex system interacts with its changing environment and its viability depends on its adaptability. The number of arbitrary coefficients i...Contemporary world is developing system and we must have the new models. Any complex system interacts with its changing environment and its viability depends on its adaptability. The number of arbitrary coefficients in the structure of equivalent equations of complex system changes in the process of learning. In systems with more than six variables, the number of arbitrary coefficients increases first, and then, passing through the maximum, begins to decrease. This phenomenon makes it possible to explain the processes of system growth, complication and death in biological, economical and physical-engineering systems. The author uses the Linguo-combinatorial method of investigation of complex systems, in taking key words for building equivalent equations. This phenomenon is able to increase the adaptability of different systems.展开更多
A single-column model is constructed based on parameterizations inherited from the Finite-volume/Spectral Atmospheric Model F/SAMIL and tested in simulations of tropical convective systems. Two representative convecti...A single-column model is constructed based on parameterizations inherited from the Finite-volume/Spectral Atmospheric Model F/SAMIL and tested in simulations of tropical convective systems. Two representative convection schemes are compared in terms of their performances on precipitation types, individual physical tendencies, and temperature and moisture fields. The main difference between the two selected schemes is in their representation of entraining/detraining process. The Tiedtke scheme assumes bulk entrainment, while the Zhang–Mc Farlane scheme parameterizes entrainment/detrainment rates under the spectrum concept. Large-scale forcing and verification data are taken from the GATE phase III field campaign, during which abundant convective events were observed. Given the same triggering function and closure assumption, results show that entrainment/detrainment representation remains the dominant factor on the simulation of cumulus mass flux and of temperature and moisture fields. By analyzing sources and sinks of heat and moisture, this study reveals how parameterization components compensate for each other and make model results insensitive to parameterization changes in certain fields, thus suggesting the need to treat parameterizations as systems rather than individual components.展开更多
文摘Contemporary world is developing system and we must have the new models. Any complex system interacts with its changing environment and its viability depends on its adaptability. The number of arbitrary coefficients in the structure of equivalent equations of complex system changes in the process of learning. In systems with more than six variables, the number of arbitrary coefficients increases first, and then, passing through the maximum, begins to decrease. This phenomenon makes it possible to explain the processes of system growth, complication and death in biological, economical and physical-engineering systems. The author uses the Linguo-combinatorial method of investigation of complex systems, in taking key words for building equivalent equations. This phenomenon is able to increase the adaptability of different systems.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41305102)the National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB441202,2013CB955803)
文摘A single-column model is constructed based on parameterizations inherited from the Finite-volume/Spectral Atmospheric Model F/SAMIL and tested in simulations of tropical convective systems. Two representative convection schemes are compared in terms of their performances on precipitation types, individual physical tendencies, and temperature and moisture fields. The main difference between the two selected schemes is in their representation of entraining/detraining process. The Tiedtke scheme assumes bulk entrainment, while the Zhang–Mc Farlane scheme parameterizes entrainment/detrainment rates under the spectrum concept. Large-scale forcing and verification data are taken from the GATE phase III field campaign, during which abundant convective events were observed. Given the same triggering function and closure assumption, results show that entrainment/detrainment representation remains the dominant factor on the simulation of cumulus mass flux and of temperature and moisture fields. By analyzing sources and sinks of heat and moisture, this study reveals how parameterization components compensate for each other and make model results insensitive to parameterization changes in certain fields, thus suggesting the need to treat parameterizations as systems rather than individual components.
