摄影测量成像原理的相机模拟及其在纹理映射中的应用

摄影测量与计算机图形学存在着密切的关系,在深入分析摄影测量的成像原理后,基于微软WPF(Windows presentation foundation)框架的三维图形库,在计算机上实现透视成像的单个相机和双目相机的仿真模拟,并结合摄影测量后方交会和直接线性变换(DLT)算法验证相机模拟的正确性;基于上述相机模拟平台,实现透视投影的纹理映射算法并验证其正确性。

宽光谱大视场航空相机模拟器光学系统设计

分析了近红外波段玻璃的材料特性,介绍了一种用于航空相机模拟器的光学系统设计方法,用ZEMAX作了优化设计.给出了光学系统焦距为2 000mm,相对孔径为1/10,视场角为±5°,光谱范围为0.4～1.0μm的光学系统的设计实例.从像质评定可以看出,系统的质量基本上达到了衍射极限.

基于模糊逻辑的红外相机模拟器定量化仿真度评价框架(英文)

针对红外相机模拟器仿真度量化评价体系的现状,提出了一种基于模糊逻辑和模糊集思想的全新的理论框架.该框架是一种客观的、多尺度的评价体系,涉及到模糊逻辑、曲线相似度评价、图像质量评估以及信息论等多个交叉领域.和现有的单一尺度的评价方法相比,这种多尺度的仿真度评价分析系统综合考虑了成像系统的主要性能特性参量和系统输出图像的质量,具有更好的任务适应性,可以方便地量化和比较具有相同或相似需求的相机模拟器的仿真度结果.

用于空间遥感相机模拟源系统的DDR2 SDRAM高速存储电路设计

为了满足空间遥感相机电子学系统的功能验证需求,设计了一套由FPGA和DDR2 SDRAM等组成的空间遥感相机模拟源系统.针对DDR2 SDRAM在设计时的难度,从提高信号完整性出发,对DDR2 SDRAM的阻抗匹配形式和匹配电阻位置进行详细分析,并对PCB布局布线及FPGA管脚约束设计给出可行性设计方案.实验结果表明,按照提出的设计方法,DDR2 SDRAM不论采用单端或差分时钟工作,均可保证数据以320 Mbps/pin来传输,信号质量依然理想.

KADAK-9410型照相机常见故障检修

介绍了柯达9410型相机3例常见故障的检修方法。

OpenGL模拟摄影测量方法研究

通过分析OpenGL透视成像过程,建立了OpenGL成像矩阵与摄影测量中内外方位元素的关系。实现了静态单幅影像、立体像对的模拟以及运动目标轨迹和姿态模拟。利用摄影测量空间后方交会方法对模拟影像进行处理,验证了模拟结果的正确性。

Effect of forced lamina flow on microsegregation simulated by phase field method quantitatively

The influence of supercooled melt forced lamina flow on microsegregation was investigated. The concentration distribution at solid-liquid boundary of binary alloy Ni-Cu was simulated using phase field model coupled with flow field. The microsegregation, concentration maximum value, boundary thickness of concentration near upstream dendrite and normal to flow dendrite, and downstream dendrite were studied quantitatively in the case of forced lamia flow. The simulation results show that solute field and flow field interact complexly. Compared with melt without flow, in front of upstream dendrite tip, the concentration boundary thickness is the lowest and the concentration maximum value is the smallest for melt with flow. However, in front of downstream dendrite tip, the results are just the opposite. The zone of poor Cu in upstream dendrite where is the most severely microsegregation and shrinkage cavity is wider and the concentration is lower for melt with flow than that without flow.

Numerical simulation and experimental study of hybrid laser-electric arc welding between dissimilar Mg alloys

This work aims to establish a suitable numerical simulation model for hybrid laser-electric arc heat source welding of dissimilar Mg alloys between AZ31 and AZ80. Based on the energy conservation law and Fourier’s law of heat conduction, the differential equations of the three-dimensional temperature field for nonlinear transient heat conduction are built. According to the analysis of nonlinear transient heat transfer, the equations representing initial conditions and boundary conditions are obtained. The “double ellipsoidal heat source + 3D Gaussian heat source”combination was chosen to construct the laser-electric arc hybrid heat source. The weld bead morphologies and the distribution of temperature, stress, displacement and plastic strains are numerically simulated. The actual welding experiments were performed by a hybrid laser-electric arc welding machine. The interaction mechanism between laser and electric arc in the hybrid welding of Mg alloys is discussed in detail. The hybrid heat source can promote the absorption of laser energy and electric arc in the molten pool, resulting in more uniform energy distribution in the molten pool and the corresponding improvement of welding parameters. This work can provide theoretical guidance and data supports for the optimization of the hybrid laser-electric arc welding processes for Mg alloys.

Modeling of 3D-structure for regular fragments of low similarity unknown structure proteins

Because it is hard to search similar structure for low similarity unknown structure proteins directly from the Protein Data Bank （PDB） database, 3D-structure is modeled in this paper for secondary structure regular fragments （α-Helices, β-Strands） of such proteins by the protein secondary structure prediction software, the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool （BLAST） and the side chain construction software SCWRL3. First, the protein secondary structure prediction software is adopted to extract secondary structure fragments from the unknown structure proteins. Then, regular fragments are regulated by BLAST based on comparative modeling, providing main chain configurations. Finally, SCWRL3 is applied to assemble side chains for regular fragments, so that 3D-structure of regular fragments of low similarity unknown structure protein is obtained. Regular fragments of several neurotoxins are used for test. Simulation results show that the prediction errors are less than 0.06nm for regular fragments less than 10 amino acids, implying the simpleness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Effects of tensile temperatures on phase transformations in zirconium by molecular dynamics simulations

The effects of tensile temperatures ranging from 100 K to 900 K on the phase transition of hexagonal close-packed(HCP)zirconium were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations,which were combined with experimental observation under high resolution transmission electron microscopy.The results show that externally applied loading first induced the HCP to body-centered cubic(BCC)phase transition in the Pitsch-Schrader(PS)orientation relationship(OR).Then,the face-centered cubic(FCC)structure transformed from the BCC phase in the Bain path.However,the HCP-to-BCC transition was incomplete at 100 K and 300 K,resulting in a prismatic-type OR between the FCC and original HCP phase.Additionally,at the temperature ranging from 100 K to 600 K,the inverse BCC-to-HCP transition occurred locally following other variants of the PS OR,resulting in a basal-type relation between the newly generated HCP and FCC phases.A higher tensile temperature promoted the amount of FCC phase transforming into the BCC phase when the strain exceeded 45%.Besides,the crystal stretched at lower temperatures exhibits relatively higher strength but by the compromise of plasticity.This study reveals the deformation mechanisms in HCP-Zr at different temperatures,which may provide a better understanding of the deformation mechanism of zirconium alloys under different application environments.

Research on assessing compression quality taking into account the space-borne remote sensing images

According to the remote sensing image characteristics, a set oi optimized compression quahty assessment methods is proposed on the basis of generating simulative images. Firstly, a means is put forward that generates simulative images by scanning aerial films taking into account the space-borne remote sensing camera characteristics （including pixel resolution, histogram dynamic range and quantization）. In the course of compression quality assessment, the objective assessment considers images texture changes and mutual relationship between simulative images and decompressed ima- ges, while the synthesized estimation factor （SEF） is brought out innovatively for the first time. Subjective assessment adopts a display setup -- 0.5mrn/pixel, which considers human visual char- acteristic and mainstream monitor. The set of methods are applied in compression plan design of panchromatic camera loaded on ZY-1-02C satellite. Through systematic and comprehensive assess- ment, simulation results show that image compression quality with the compression ratio of d：l can meet the remote sensing application requirements.

Similarity simulation of bolt support in a coal roadway in a tectonic stress field

In order to study the mechanism of bolt support and the behavior of strata in a coal roadway under tectonic stress,deformation and destruction of a roof,floor and sides were studied using an experiment in similarity simulation.We also studied the mechanism and types of bolt support functions in the coal roadway.The results show that with an increase in horizontal tectonic stress,the strata in the roof and floor of the roadway gradually separate and become shear failure areas.Coal in side walls moves,but its integrity remains intact.Side bolts are mainly affected by tension and roof bolts by the effect of shear.

Fluid structure interaction for circulation valve of hydraulic shock absorber

Based on the working principle and the damping characteristic of hydraulic shock absorber, a fluid structure interaction method was presented, which was used to analyze the microcosmic and high-frequency processing mechanism of fluid structure interaction between circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber. The fluid mesh distortion was controlled by the CEL language, and the fluid struc^tre interaction mathematical model was established. The finite element model was established by ANSYS CFX software and was analyzed by dynamic mesh technique. The local sensitive computational area was meshed by prismatic grid, which could reduce the negative volume problem during the simulation. The circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber were simulated and analyzed under the condition of sinusoidal inlet velocity loads. Flow characteristic and dynamics characteristic were obtained. The pressure distribution and the displacement of circulation value were obtained, and the acceleration curve of circulation valve was simulated and analyzed. The conformity of the final simulation results with the experimental datum indicates that this method is accurate and reliable to analyze the dynamics characteristic between circulation valve and liquid of hydraulic shock absorber, which can provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing hydraulic shock absorber in the future.

Electro-Mechanical Phase Shifters Based on MEMS Structure

The aim of the study of phase shifter on MEMS （micro-electro-mechanical systems） structures was to minimize the dimensions of the design achievement. Also, the main task was to achieve the reliability and durability of the device. The calculation was based on the optimization technique （step by step） and the modeling of individual parts of the device, namely MEMS-keys that perform the main function--switching. The urgency of this problem is the development and study of one device as a universal, that is, automatically switches from two signals simultaneously. Designs are original and devises are the intellectual property of the authors. The program for modeling phase shifters Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio and its results are presented in the paper.

用Flash模拟数码相机的工作过程

在培养学生使用常用办公设备的过程中，我们经常会碰到“贵重办公设备”的问题。一方面，“贵重办公设备”代表着先进的办公设施，作为办公自动化专业的学生必须掌握先进的办公设备的正确使用方法；另一方面，由于“贵重”，所以数量比较稀少，无法满足众多学生亲自操作的愿望，而且大多数贵重的办公设备比较精细，操作频繁或不当很容易损坏。 针对以上问题，本文以数码相机为例，研究利用Flash动画设计制作平台设计制作具有交互操作控制功能的模拟数码相机的工作过程。

磁共振多模态成像及融合技术在脑胶质瘤术后放疗剂量优化中的应用

研究核磁共振多模态成像及融合技术在脑胶质瘤术后放疗剂量优化当中的效果。方法:此次研究中共选取了在我院接受脑胶质瘤手术的120例患者进行实验,实验均在患者知情的情况下进行,再分别对两组患者进行不同模式的扫描后,对结果进行了对比和分析。结果:通过研究结果,分析组患者的扫描图像体积明显大于研究组患者,从数据的对比上来看,P<0.05,因此,两组数据间的差异具有统计学价值。但在勾画靶区的剂量上,p>0.05,两组数据之间的差异并不具有统计学价值。结论:磁共振多模态成像及融合技术的应用能够在很大程度上提升对于靶区勾画的精确性,减小误差,从而使放疗中的计量更加精确,在临床中具有推广价值,值得借鉴。

Study on Duality of Wave and Particle of Turbulence Using CML Models

A family of coupled map lattice （CML） models has been developed to simulate the evolutional mechanism of interactions of convection, diffusion, and dispersion in both weakly and strongly coupled cases. Not only coherent and turbulent properties as well as their relations, but also the transitional states between convection dominating, diffusion dominating and dispersion dominating are analyzed to demonstrate the essential characteristics of any state. Numerical results show that the models are capable of simulating both layered coupling and stochastic mechanism, and lead us to understand whether or not turbulence coherent structure is formed by modulation of wave packet. The duality of wave and particle characters of turbulence is illustrated in the numerical simulation; a sketch picture is given to explain the questions associated with the turbulent inverse cascade, which is the result of the mutual interactions among the physical factors of nonlinearity, dissipation and dispersion.

Study of modeling theory of multiphase gas distribution in exhaust process of automobile

According to experiments and the phenomena that tailpipes often have dirty particulate matter, this paper takes dynamic theory analysis as its study aim, beginning with the description method of multiphase gas distribution differential equation. According to the characteristics that exhaust gas will flow with high velocity in a tailpipe, it is supposed that gas mass that differ largely will layer when flowing with high velocity in a tailpipe. This means the exhaust gas is mixed with particulate matter, gas with large mass （CO2,HC,NOx） and gas with small mass （CO,H2O,N2,O2）. The interface of two phase fluid will be become clearer as it flows in the pipe for a long distance. The fluid continuous equation between gas phase and solid phase and the mathematical relationship between the geometry parameter and the flowing are established by a multiphase gas flowing theory. Analyzing the interface and state of layers will provide a basic theory for developing a catalytic converter with high efficiency.

The Thermal Character of the Underwater Heat Exhausting Source

The underwater heat exhausting source can cause the thermal difference of the surrounding and surface water.In this paper,the thermal character caused by the underwater heat exhausting source is studied by numerical simulation and experiment.The results show that the thermal floating distance is related with the sailing velocity of the underwater target.The higher the velocity is,the longer the hot wake is,and the broader the hot scope is.The relative distance of the thermal floating spot is almost in a logarithmic law with the velocity.The experimental results are accordant with the numerical simulation,and the obvious hot wake can be observed by the moving underwater heat exhausting source testing with temperature sensors and infrared camera.

Computer Simulations and Measurements of RadialSolid Flow Distribution in a Riser

Comparisons between the numerical predictions from a two-phase model and the experimental hydrodynamic data have been performed in fully developed gas-solid flows for FCC catalysts. The resultssuggested the existence of self-similar solid flux profiles at low solid fluxes. Non-uniformity in theradial solids fluxes was found with a high solid flowing mainly downward near the wall. The modelpredictions were reasonably caught up the experimental trends.